1.获取指定字符串中大小写和数字的个数:
package demo; public class StringTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
getCount("IamHandsome666");
} public static void getCount(String str) {
int upper = 0;
int lower = 0;
int digit = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
char c = str.charAt(i);
if (c >= 65 && c <= 90) {
upper++;
} else if (c >= 97 && c <= 122) {
lower++;
} else if (c >= 48 && c <= 57) {
digit++;
}
}
System.out.println(upper);//
System.out.println(lower);//
System.out.println(digit);//
}
}
2.将一个字符串中第一个字母转成大写,其余字母转成小写并打印
package demo; public class StringTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String string = toConvert("iAMhaNdSoMe");
System.out.println(string);
//输出:Iamhandsome
} public static String toConvert(String str) {
String first = str.substring(0,1);
String after = str.substring(1);
first = first.toUpperCase();
after = after.toLowerCase();
return first+after;
}
}
3.从一个长字符串中找小字符串出现的次数:
package demo; public class StringTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(getStringCount("Ilikejava,andjavaisthebest,java", "java"));
} public static int getStringCount(String str, String key) {
int count = 0;
int index = 0;
while ((index = str.indexOf(key)) != -1) {
count++;
str = str.substring(index+key.length());
}
return count;
}
}
//输出:3
String字符串无法改变,会有一些不便之处
所以介绍一个新类
StringBuffer类,字符串缓冲区
出现目的:为了提高字符串操作效率
内部采用了可变数组的方法,类内部定义了数组,这个数组没有final
数组的默认容量是16
关于它的方法,这里用一个示例来理解:
package demo; public class StringBufferDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
append();
delete();
insert();
replace();
reverse();
toString_();
} public static void append(){
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append(6);
buffer.append("hello");
System.out.println(buffer);
//6hello
}
public static void delete(){
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("helloIlikeJava");
buffer.delete(1, 2);
buffer.deleteCharAt(8);
System.out.println(buffer);
//hlloIlikJava
}
public static void insert(){
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("java");
buffer.insert(1, "Python");
System.out.println(buffer);
//jPythonava
}
public static void replace(){
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("abcdefg");
buffer.replace(2, 4, "H");
System.out.println(buffer);
//abHefg
}
public static void reverse(){
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("abcdefg");
buffer.reverse();
System.out.println(buffer);
//gfedcba
}
public static void toString_(){
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("abcdefg");
String string = buffer.toString();
System.out.println(string);
//输出一个String类型的abcdefg,即字符串
}
}
StringBuffer类实例:
public class StringBufferTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4,1,4,56,7,8,76};
System.out.println(toString(arr));
}
/*
* 目的:
* int[] arr = {34,12,89,68};将一个int[]中元素转成字符串
* 格式 [34,12,89,68]
*/
public static String toString(int[] arr){
//创建字符串缓冲区
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("[");
//数组遍历
for(int i = 0 ; i < arr.length;i++){
//判断是不是数组的最后一个元素
if(i == arr.length-1){
buffer.append(arr[i]).append("]");
}else{
buffer.append(arr[i]).append(",");
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
}
还有一个StringBuilder类,方法和StringBuffer的方法完全相同
区别:
StringBuffer类是一个线程安全的类,StringBuilder类是一个线程不安全的类,不过它更快
线程知识在后边会讲到,
日常开发建议使用StringBuilder类,因为相对速度更快