Django+Bootstrap+Mysql 搭建个人博客（六）

2023-07-27 11:15:52

6.1.comments插件

（1）安装

pip install django-contrib-comments

（02）settings

INSTALLED_APPS = [

          'django.contrib.sites',

          'django_comments',

]

SITE_ID =1

（3）website/url

 url(r'^comments/', include('django_comments.urls')),

（4）修改源码

django_comments/abstracts.py第36行

原代码

    site = models.ForeignKey(Site, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

修改后

 site = models.ForeignKey(Site,default=None,blank=True,null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

（5）修改源码

django_comments/abstracts.py第52行

修改和增加了几个字段

class CommentAbstractModel(BaseCommentAbstractModel):

    """

    A user comment about some object.

    """

    # Who posted this comment? If ``user`` is set then it was an authenticated

    # user; otherwise at least user_name should have been set and the comment

    # was posted by a non-authenticated user.

    user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, verbose_name=_('user'),

                             blank=True, null=True, related_name="%(class)s_comments",

                             on_delete=models.SET_NULL)

    # Explicit `max_length` to apply both to Django 1.7 and 1.8+.

    user_email = models.EmailField(_("user's email address"), max_length=254,

                                   blank=True,null=True,default='xxx@xxx.com')

    user_url = models.URLField(_("user's URL"), blank=True,null=True,default='https://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx')

    user_name = models.CharField(_("user's name"), max_length=50, blank=True)

    user_img = models.ImageField(upload_to="user_images", blank=True,null=True,verbose_name="用户图像")

    comment_title = models.CharField(max_length=256,default="无标题", blank=True,null=True,verbose_name="评论标题")

    parent_comment = models.ForeignKey('self',default=None, blank=True,null=True,related_name="child_comment",on_delete=models.CASCADE) 
    level = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0, blank=True,null=True,verbose_name='评论层级') comment = models.TextField(_('comment'), max_length=COMMENT_MAX_LENGTH)
    . 
    . 
    . 
    .

（6）修改源码

django_comments/admin.py第29和37行

_('Content'),

            {'fields': ('user', 'user_name', 'user_email', 'user_url', 'comment','comment_title','parent_comment')}

list_display = ('comment_title','name', 'content_type', 'object_pk', 'ip_address', 'submit_date', 'is_public', 'is_removed')

（7）修改源码

django_comments/forms.py第97行表单

    class CommentDetailsForm(CommentSecurityForm):   
　　　　 """
　　　　Handles the specific details of the comment (name, comment, etc.).

    　　"""

    # name = forms.CharField(label=pgettext_lazy("Person name", "Name"), max_length=50)

    # email = forms.EmailField(label=_("Email address"))

    # url = forms.URLField(label=_("URL"), required=False)

    # Translators: 'Comment' is a noun here.

    comment = forms.CharField(label=_('Comment'), widget=forms.Textarea,

                              max_length=COMMENT_MAX_LENGTH)

    comment_title = forms.CharField(max_length=256,label=_('标题'))

    parent_id = forms.IntegerField(min_value=-1,label=_('父评论的id'))

    level = forms.IntegerField(min_value=0,label=_('层级'),)
　　.
　　.
　　.
　

    def get_comment_create_data(self, site_id=None):

        """

        Returns the dict of data to be used to create a comment. Subclasses in

        custom comment apps that override get_comment_model can override this

        method to add extra fields onto a custom comment model.

        """

        parent_id = self.cleaned_data['parent_id']

        if parent_id <= 0:

            parent = None

            _level = self.cleaned_data['level']

        else:

            parent = get_model().objects.get(id=parent_id)

            _level = self.cleaned_data['level'] + 4    # 4是缩进

        return dict(

            content_type=ContentType.objects.get_for_model(self.target_object),

            object_pk=force_text(self.target_object._get_pk_val()),

            # user_name=self.cleaned_data["name"],

            # user_email=self.cleaned_data["email"],

            # user_url=self.cleaned_data["url"],

            comment_title = self.cleaned_data['comment_title'],

            parent_comment = parent,

            level = _level,

            comment=self.cleaned_data["comment"],

            submit_date=timezone.now(),

            site_id=site_id or getattr(settings, "SITE_ID", None),

            is_public=True,

            is_removed=False,

        )

（8）修改源码

django_comments/views/comments.py第97行表单

52行

  # 添加

    if not request.session.get('login', None) and not user_is_authenticated:

        return redirect("/")

116行

   # if user_is_authenticated:

    #     comment.user = request.user

    #添加

    if request.session.get('login',None):

        comment.user_name = request.session['screen_name']

        comment.user_img = request.session['profile_image_url']

以上都修改完后

python manage.py makemigtations

python manage.py migrate

6.2.评论表单

detail.html

 　　　　　　　　 <div class="row">

                    <hr />

                    {% get_comment_form for entry as form %}

                    {% get_comment_count for entry  as comment_count %}

                    <h3 >评论总数： {{ comment_count }}</h3>

                    <hr />

                </div>

                <div class="row">

                    <form class="form-horizontal" action="{% comment_form_target %}" method="post">

                        {% csrf_token %}

                        <div class="form-group">

                            <label for="input_title" class="pull-left control-label">评论标题:</label>

                            <div class="col-sm-6">

                                <input class="form-control" name="comment_title" id="input_title" placeholder="请输入标题" required />

                            </div>

                        </div>

                        <div class="form-group">

                            <label for="input_comment" class="pull-left control-label">评论内容:</label>

                            <div class="col-sm-6">

                            <textarea style="resize:none;" class="form-control" rows=6 name="comment" id="input_comment" placeholder="在此输入评论" required></textarea>

                            </div>

                        </div>

                        <span style="display: none;">{{ form.honeypot }}</span>

                        {{ form.content_type }}

                        {{ form.object_pk }}

                        {{ form.timestamp }}

                        {{ form.security_hash }}

                        <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{% url 'blog:blog_detail' entry.id %}" />

                        <input  name="parent_id" type="hidden" value="-1" />

                        <input  name="level" type="hidden" value="" />

                        <div class="form-group col-sm-7">

                            <div class="pull-left" style="margin-left: 68px;">

                                <button type="reset"  class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-repeat"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;重置</button>

                            </div>

                            <div class="pull-right" style="margin-right: 12px;">

                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success" id="id_submit"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-send"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;评论</button>

                            </div>

                        </div>

                    </form>

                </div>

效果：

现在测试评论，可以添加成功，但是还不能显示

6.3.显示评论

（1）views.py

from django_comments.models import Comment

def detail(request,blog_id):

    # entry = models.Entry.objects.get(id=blog_id)

    entry = get_object_or_404(models.Entry,id=blog_id)

    md = markdown.Markdown(extensions=[

        'markdown.extensions.extra',

        'markdown.extensions.codehilite',

        'markdown.extensions.toc',

    ])

    entry.body = md.convert(entry.body)

    entry.toc = md.toc

    entry.increase_visiting()

    comment_list = list()

    def get_comment_list(comments):

        for comment in comments:

            comment_list.append(comment)

            children = comment.child_comment.all()

            if len(children) > 0:

                get_comment_list(children)

    top_comments = Comment.objects.filter(object_pk=blog_id, parent_comment=None,

                                          content_type__app_label='blog').order_by('-submit_date')

    get_comment_list(top_comments)

    return render(request, 'blog/detail.html', locals())

（2）detail.html

<div class="row">

                    <hr />

                    {% get_comment_form for entry as form %}

                    {% get_comment_count for entry  as comment_count %}

                    <h3 >评论总数： {{ comment_count }}</h3>

                    <hr />

                </div>

              {#            评论表单#}

            {% if request.session.login or request.user.is_authenticated %}

                <div class="row">

                    <form class="form-horizontal" action="{% comment_form_target %}" method="post">

                        {% csrf_token %}

                        <div class="form-group">

                            <label for="input_title" class="pull-left control-label">评论标题：</label>

                            <div class="col-sm-6">

                                <input class="form-control" name="comment_title" id="input_title" placeholder="请输入标题" required />

                            </div>

                        </div>

                        <div class="form-group">

                            <label for="input_comment" class="pull-left control-label">评论内容:</label>

                            <div class="col-sm-6">

                            <textarea style="resize:none;" class="form-control" rows=6 name="comment" id="input_comment" placeholder="在此输入评论" required></textarea>

                            </div>

                        </div>

                        <span style="display: none;">{{ form.honeypot }}</span>

                        {{ form.content_type }}

                        {{ form.object_pk }}

                        {{ form.timestamp }}

                        {{ form.security_hash }}

                        <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{% url 'blog:blog_detail' entry.id %}" />

                        <input  name="parent_id" type="hidden" value="-1" />

                        <input  name="level" type="hidden" value="0" />

                        <div class="form-group col-sm-7">

                            <div class="pull-left" style="margin-left: 68px;">

                                <button type="reset"  class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-repeat"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;重置</button>

                            </div>

                            <div class="pull-right" style="margin-right: 12px;">

                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success" id="id_submit"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-send"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;评论</button>

                            </div>

                        </div>

                    </form>

                </div>

            {% else %}

                <h3>登陆后才可以评论</h3>

            {% endif %}

            <hr />

{#            评论显示区#}

            <div class="row">

            {% for comment in comment_list %}

                <div class="single_comment" style="margin-left: {{ comment.level }}em">

                    <div>

                        {% if comment.user_img %}

                            <img src="{{ comment.user_img }}" alt="user_image" />

                        {% else %}

                            <img src="{% static 'blog/images/cl.jpg' %}" />

                        {% endif %}

                    </div>

                    <div class="col-md-11 comment-content" style="margin-bottom: 10px;">

                        <strong>{{ comment.comment_title }}</strong>

                        <div>

                            {% if comment.parent_comment %}

                                        {{ comment.user_name }}{{ request.user }}

                                        <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-share-alt"></i>

                                        {{ comment.parent_comment.user_name }}{{ request.user }}

                            {% else %}

                                    By&nbsp;&nbsp;

                                        {{ comment.user_name }}{{ request.user }}

                                    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;On&nbsp;&nbsp;

                            {% endif %}

                            <em>{{ comment.submit_date }}</em>

                            {% if request.session.login or request.user.is_authenticated %}

                            &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#">回复</a>

                            {% endif %}

                        </div>

                    <br />

                        <p>{{ comment.comment }}</p>

                    </div>

                </div>

            {% endfor %}

            </div>

            </div>

（3）static/blog/images/cl.jpg

设置默认图片（如果没有登录就显示默认图片，为了测试评论）

（4）blog/blog_comment.css

hr {

    border-top: 1px solid lightgrey;

    border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;

}

.single_comment {

    margin-bottom: 20px;

    font-family: "Microsoft Yahei","微软雅黑",Arial,Helvetica,STHeiti,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";

}

.single_comment img {

    width:50px;

    height:50px;

    border-radius:50%;

    overflow:hidden;

    float: left;

    margin-left: 10px;

    margin-top: 5px;

}

.single_comment p {

    margin-bottom:;

}

.comment-content {

    border-bottom: 1px dashed lightgrey;

    border-left: 1px dashed #2d7da4;

    padding-bottom: 5px;

}

detail.html引用

{% block css %}

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'blog/css/github.css' %}">

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'blog/css/blog_comment.css' %}">

{% endblock %}

效果：

6.4.评论回复

（1）blog/urls.py

  url(r'^reply/(?P<comment_id>\d+)/$', views.reply, name='comment_reply'),

（2）views.py

from django_comments import models as comment_models

def reply(request, comment_id):

    if not request.session.get('login', None) and not request.user.is_authenticated():

        return redirect('/')

    parent_comment = get_object_or_404(comment_models.Comment, id=comment_id)

    return render(request, 'blog/reply.html', locals())

（3）blog/reply.html

{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}

{% load comments %}

{% load static %}

{% block title %}回复评论{% endblock %}

{% block css %}

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'blog/css/blog_comment.css' %}">

{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

    <div class="container-fluid" style="margin: 30px 50px 0 50px;min-height: 450px;">

        <div class="row">

            <div class="single_comment">

                <div>

                    {% if request.session.login %}

                    <img src="{{ parent_comment.user_img }}" alt="user_img" />

                    {% else %}

                    <img src="{% static 'blog/images/cl.jpg' %}" alt="admin_img" />

                    {% endif %}

                </div>

            <div class="col-md-11">

                <strong>{{ parent_comment.comment_title }}</strong>

                <div class="small">

                    <strong>{{ parent_comment.username }} {{ request.user }}</strong>

                    <em>{{ parent_comment.submit_date }}</em>

                </div>

                <br />

                <p>{{ parent_comment.comment }}</p>

            </div>

            </div>

        </div>

            <br />

        {% if request.session.login or request.user.is_authenticated %}

            <div class="row" style="margin-left: 30px;">

            <h3>回复&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{{ parent_comment.username }}{{ request.user }}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;的评论：</h3>

            {% get_comment_form for parent_comment.content_object as form %}

                    <form class="form-horizontal" action="{% comment_form_target %}" method="post">

                        {% csrf_token %}

                        <div class="form-group">

                            <label for="input_title" class="pull-left control-label">评论标题：</label>

                            <div class="col-sm-6">

                                <input class="form-control" name="comment_title" id="input_title" placeholder="请输入标题" required />

                            </div>

                        </div>

                        <div class="form-group">

                            <label for="input_comment" class="pull-left control-label">评论内容:</label>

                            <div class="col-sm-6">

                            <textarea style="resize:none;" class="form-control" rows=6 name="comment" id="input_comment" placeholder="在此输入评论" required></textarea>

                            </div>

                        </div>

                        <span style="display: none;">{{ form.honeypot }}</span>

                        {{ form.content_type }}

                        {{ form.object_pk }}

                        {{ form.timestamp }}

                        {{ form.security_hash }}

                        <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{% url 'blog:blog_detail' parent_comment.content_object.id %}" />

                        <input  name="parent_id" type="hidden" value="{{ parent_comment.id }}" />

                        <input  name="level" type="hidden" value="{{ parent_comment.level }}" />

                        <div class="form-group col-sm-7">

                            <div class="pull-left" style="margin-left: 68px;">

                                <button type="reset"  class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-repeat"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;重置</button>

                            </div>

                            <div class="pull-right" style="margin-right: 12px;">

                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success" id="id_submit"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-send"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;评论</button>

                            </div>

                        </div>

                    </form>

                </div>

        {% else %}

            <h3>登陆后才可以评论</h3>

        {% endif %}

        <br />

    <div>

        <a href="{% url 'blog:blog_detail' parent_comment.content_object.id %}">暂时不评论，返回先前页面!</a>

    </div>

    </div>

{% endblock %}

（4）detail.html

<a href="{% url 'blog:comment_reply' comment.id %}">回复</a>

测试回复功能如下：

6.5.新浪微博登录

（1）settings

CLIENT_ID = 224188xxx

APP_SECRET = '76daf2e9e424xxxx71144154f5xx32xx'

（2）website/urls.py

url(r'^login/$', blog_views.login),

url(r'^logout/$', blog_views.logout),

（3）views.py

def login(request):

    import requests

    import json

    from django.conf import settings

    code = request.GET.get('code', None)

    if code is None:

        return redirect('/')

    access_token_url = 'https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/access_token?client_id=%s&client_secret=%s&grant_type=authorization_code&redirect_uri=http://127.0.0.1:8000/login&code=%s'\

                        %(settings.CLIENT_ID, settings.APP_SECRET, code)

    ret = requests.post(access_token_url)

    data = ret.text    #微博返回的数据是json格式的

    data_dict = json.loads(data)   #转换成python字典格式

    token = data_dict['access_token']

    uid = data_dict['uid']

    request.session['token'] = token

    request.session['uid'] = uid

    request.session['login'] = True

    user_info_url = 'https://api.weibo.com/2/users/show.json?access_token=%s&uid=%s' % (token, uid)

    user_info = requests.get(user_info_url)   

    user_info_dict = json.loads(user_info.text)   #获取微博用户的信息

    request.session['screen_name'] = user_info_dict['screen_name']

    request.session['profile_image_url'] = user_info_dict['profile_image_url']

    return redirect(request.GET.get('next', '/'))

def logout(request):

    if request.session['login']:

        del request.session['login']

        del request.session['uid']

        del request.session['token']

        del request.session['screen_name']

        del request.session['profile_image_url']

        return redirect(request.Get.get('next', '/'))

    else:

        return redirect('/')

（4）base.html

  <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">

                {% if request.session.login %}

                    <li>{{ request.session.screen_name }}<a href="/logout/?next={{ request.path }}">

                        <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-out"></i>注销</a></li>

                {% else %}

                    <li>

                        <a href="https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/authorize?client_id=2241881638&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/?next={{ request.path }}">

                            <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-in"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;登录</a></li>

                {% endif %}

            </ul>

6.6.部署

（1）settings

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'all_static_files')

（2）uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]

socket =127.0.0.1 :8000

chdir = /home/github_project/Myblog

module = Myblog.wsgi

master = true

processes = 4

vacuum = true

virtualenv = /root/.virtualenvs/myblog

logto = /tmp/mylog.log

（3）Myblog.conf

# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to

upstream django {

# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket

server 127.0.0.1:8000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)

}

# configuration of the server

server {

# the port your site will be served on

listen      80;

# the domain name it will serve for

server_name 116.85.52.205; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN

charset     utf-8;

# max upload size

client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste

# Django media

location /media  {

    alias /home/github_project/Myblog/media;  # 指向django的media目录

}

location /static {

    alias /home/github_project/Myblog/all_static_files; # 指向django的static目录

}

# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.

location / {

    uwsgi_pass  django;

    include     uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed

}

}

码农公寓