Django+Bootstrap+Mysql 搭建个人博客（一）

2023-07-27 11:16:16

1.1.环境搭建

（1）虚拟环境

mkvirtualenv website

pip install django==1.11.7

（2）创建项目和app：website和blog

（3）设置中文settings.py

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False

运行项目：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

1.2.模型设计

（1）blog/models.py

from django.db import models

from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Category(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField('分类',max_length=128)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

    class Meta:

        verbose_name = '博客分类'

        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class Tag(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField('标签', max_length=128)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

    class Meta:

        verbose_name = '博客标签'

        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class Entry(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField('文章标题',max_length=128)

    author = models.ForeignKey(User,verbose_name='作者',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    img = models.ImageField(upload_to='blog_img',null=True,blank=True,verbose_name='博客配图')

    body = models.TextField('正文',)

    abstract = models.TextField('摘要',max_length=256,null=True,blank=True)

    visiting = models.PositiveIntegerField('访问量',default=0)

    category = models.ManyToManyField('Category',verbose_name='博客分类')

    tags = models.ManyToManyField('Tag',verbose_name='标签')

    created_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间',auto_now_add=True)

    modifyed_time = models.DateTimeField('修改时间',auto_now=True)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

    class Meta:

        ordering = ['-created_time']

        verbose_name = '博客正文'

        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

（2）blog/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

from . import models

class EntryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ['title','author','visiting','created_time','modifyed_time']

admin.site.register(models.Category)

admin.site.register(models.Tag)

admin.site.register(models.Entry,EntryAdmin)

（3）设置为MySql

import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

        'NAME': 'my_blog',        #数据库名字

        'USER': 'root',          #账号

        'PASSWORD': '',      #密码

        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',    #IP

        'PORT': '',                   #端口

    }

}

（4）安装模块

pip install pymysql pillow

（5）创建超级用户

python manage.py createsuperuser

进后台添加标签和分类

1.3.url及视图设计

（1）website/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include

from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^blog/',include('blog.urls') ),

]

（2）blog/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url

from . import views

app_name = 'blog'

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^$', views.index,name='blog_index'),

    url(r'^(?P<blog_id>[0-9]+)', views.detail,name='blog_detail'),

]

（3）blog/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

def index(request):

    return render(request,'blog/index.html',locals())

def detail(request,blog_id):

    return render(request,'blog/detail.html',locals())

（4）blog/templates/blog/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>首页</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>博客首页</h1>

</body>

</html>

（5）blog/templates/blog/detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>博客详情页</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>博客{{ blog_id }}的详情</h1>

</body>

</html>

1.4.前端页面设计

（1）Bootstrap

下载bootstrap,把文件放到static目录

settings设置

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = [

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),

]

（2）blog/base.html

Bootstrap优站精选

{% load staticfiles %}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="zh-CN">

<head>

    <meta charset="utf-8">

    <title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>

    <link href="{% static 'bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">

    <link href="{% static 'blog/css/blog_nav.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">

    {% block css %}{% endblock %}

</head>

<body>

<nav class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">

  <div class="container-fluid">

    <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->

    <div class="navbar-header">

      <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#my-nav" aria-expanded="false">

        <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>

        <span class="icon-bar"></span>

        <span class="icon-bar"></span>

        <span class="icon-bar"></span>

      </button>

      <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Zhang_derek</a>

    </div>

    <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->

    <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="my-nav">

      <ul class="nav navbar-nav">

        <li class="active"><a href="/blog/">博客</a></li>

        <li ><a href="#">学习资源</a></li>

        <li ><a href="#">联系我</a></li>

      </ul>

      <form class="navbar-form navbar-left">

        <div class="form-group">

          <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">

        </div>

        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜索</button>

      </form>

      <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">

        <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>

      </ul>

    </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->

  </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->

</nav>

{% block content %}{% endblock %}

 <footer>

    <div class="footer" role="navigation">

        <div class="container">

            <div class="navbar-text">

                <ul class="footer-text">

                    <li><a href="#">主页</a></li>

                               <li><a href="#">联系我们</a></li>

                               <li><a href="#">关于博主</a></li>

                               <li><a href="#">文档支持</a></li>

                               <li><a href="/blog/">博客首页</a></li>

                </ul>

                <p>Copyright © 2018 Zhang_derek </p>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

</footer>

<script src="{% static 'jquery-3.2.1.min.js' %}"></script>

<script src="{% static 'bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>

{% block script %}{% endblock %}

</body>

</html>

（3）blog/static/blog/css/blog_nav.css

body {

    margin-top: 30px;

    font-weight:;

    /* Required padding for .navbar-fixed-top. Change if height of navigation changes. */

    padding-top: 70px;

}

/* Navbar and footer (global) styling */

.navbar-fixed-top .nav {

    padding: 15px 0;

}

.navbar {

    color: black;

    border-width: thin;

    -webkit-transition: .2s;

    background-color: white;

    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;

    background-color: white;

}

.navbar a {

    color: black;

}

.navbar-fixed-top .navbar-brand {

    padding: 0 15px;

}

.navbar-header .icon-bar {

    background-color: black;

}

.navbar-nav > li > .navbar-active {

    color: #E46E2E;

}

.navbar-scroll {

  background-color: white;

    animation-duration: 2s;

    animation-name: smooth;

    -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;

    -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;

    box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;

}

.jupytercon-nav > li > .black-tab {

    color: black;

}

.navbar-logo {

    height: 45px;

}

.nav > li > a {

    font-size: 20px;

    padding: 12px 16px 10px;

}

.nav > li > a:hover {

    background-color: transparent;

    color: #E46E2E;

    -webkit-transition: .2s;

}

.nav > li > a:focus {

    background-color: white;

}

.nav > li > a:active {

    background-color: #F8F8F8;

}

.nav > li > a:visited {

    background-color: #F8F8F8;

}

.tab:hover {

    background-color: transparent;

    color: #E46E2E;

}

.footer {

    background-color: #979797;

}

.footer p {

    color: white;

    padding-top: 10px;

}

.footer li {

    color: white;

    display: inline-block;

    text-decoration: none;

}

.footer a {

    color: white;

    text-decoration: none;

}

.footer li::after {

    content:" |";

}

.footer li:last-of-type::after {

    content:"";

}

.footer-text {

    font-size: 16px;

    margin-left:;

    padding-left:;

}

.navbar-brand {

    float: left;

    height: 50px;

    padding: 15px 15px;

    font-size: 20px;

    line-height: 20px;

    margin-top: 27px;

}

nav .navbar-form{

    padding: 10px;

}

（4）blog/index.html

{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}

{% block title %}博客首页{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

    博客首页

    <div style="height: 440px; " ></div>

{% endblock %}

效果：

此时目录结构：

码农公寓

1.1.环境搭建

1.2.模型设计

1.3.url及视图设计

1.4.前端页面设计

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