数据库初始设置包括创建系统视图、系统表TOAST表等，复制template1来创建template0和postgres，这些操作都用普通的SQL命令来完成。如下代码就是用于数据库初始设置。
1 setup_auth(); 2 if (pwprompt || pwfilename) 3 get_set_pwd(); 4 setup_depend(); 5 setup_sysviews(); 6 setup_description(); 7 setup_conversion(); 8 setup_dictionary(); 9 setup_privileges(); 10 setup_schema(); 11 vacuum_db(); 12 make_template0(); 13 make_postgres();
setup_auth函数建立shadow密码表，pg_authid_setup中的SQL语句用于为在pg_database表中进行插入完或更新或删除操作时创建触发器pg_sync_pg_database，对于每个语句执行过程flatfile_ipdate_trigger()；为在pg_authid表中进行插入后或更新或删除操作时创建触发器pg_sync_pg_authid，对于每个语句执行过程flatfile_update_trigger()；为在pg_auth_members表中进行插入后或更新或删除操作时创建触发器pg_sync_pg_auth_members，对于每个语句执行过程flatfile_update_trigger()。pg_authid表处理只能使用视图访问，以确保密码不能公开获取(REVOKE ALL on pg_authid FROM public)。
1 static void setup_auth(void) {
2 PG_CMD_DECL;
3 const char **line;
4 static const char *pg_authid_setup[] = {
5 /* Create triggers to ensure manual updates to shared catalogs will be reflected into their "flat file" copies. */
6 "CREATE TRIGGER pg_sync_pg_database "
7 " AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON pg_database "
8 " FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE flatfile_update_trigger();\n",
9 "CREATE TRIGGER pg_sync_pg_authid "
10 " AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON pg_authid "
11 " FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE flatfile_update_trigger();\n",
12 "CREATE TRIGGER pg_sync_pg_auth_members "
13 " AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON pg_auth_members "
14 " FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE flatfile_update_trigger();\n",
15 /* The authid table shouldn't be readable except through views, to ensure passwords are not publicly visible. */
16 "REVOKE ALL on pg_authid FROM public;\n",
17 NULL
18 };
19 fputs(_("initializing pg_authid ... "), stdout);
20 fflush(stdout);
21 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s\" %s template1 >%s", backend_exec, backend_options, DEVNULL);
22 PG_CMD_OPEN;
23 for (line = pg_authid_setup; *line != NULL; line++)
24 PG_CMD_PUTS(*line);
25 PG_CMD_CLOSE;
26 check_ok();
27 }
get_set_pwd函数获取超级用户密码，调用postgres设置该密码。先判断是否是通过终端交互输入密码，或者通过文件读取密码。为用户创建密码ALTER USER \"%s\" WITH PASSWORD E'%s
1 static void get_set_pwd(void) {
2 PG_CMD_DECL;
3 char *pwd1, *pwd2;
4 char pwdpath[MAXPGPATH];
5 struct stat statbuf;
6 if (pwprompt){
7 /* Read password from terminal */
8 pwd1 = simple_prompt("Enter new superuser password: ", 100, false);
9 pwd2 = simple_prompt("Enter it again: ", 100, false);
10 if (strcmp(pwd1, pwd2) != 0){
11 fprintf(stderr, _("Passwords didn't match.\n"));
12 exit_nicely();
13 }
14 free(pwd2);
15 }else{
16 /* Read password from file Ideally this should insist that the file not be world-readable. However, this option is mainly intended for use on Windows where file permissions may not exist at all, so we'll skip the paranoia for now. */
17 FILE *pwf = fopen(pwfilename, "r");
18 char pwdbuf[MAXPGPATH];
19 int i;
20 if (!pwf){
21 fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not open file \"%s\" for reading: %s\n"),progname, pwfilename, strerror(errno));
22 exit_nicely();
23 }
24 if (!fgets(pwdbuf, sizeof(pwdbuf), pwf)){
25 fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not read password from file \"%s\": %s\n"),progname, pwfilename, strerror(errno));
26 exit_nicely();
27 }
28 fclose(pwf);
29 i = strlen(pwdbuf);
30 while (i > 0 && (pwdbuf[i - 1] == '\r' || pwdbuf[i - 1] == '\n'))
31 pwdbuf[--i] = '\0';
32 pwd1 = xstrdup(pwdbuf);
33 }
34 printf(_("setting password ... "));
35 fflush(stdout);
36 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s\" %s template1 >%s", backend_exec, backend_options, DEVNULL);
37 PG_CMD_OPEN;
38 PG_CMD_PRINTF2("ALTER USER \"%s\" WITH PASSWORD E'%s';\n",username, escape_quotes(pwd1));
39 /* MM: pwd1 is no longer needed, freeing it */
40 free(pwd1);
41 PG_CMD_CLOSE;
42 check_ok();
43 snprintf(pwdpath, sizeof(pwdpath), "%s/global/pg_auth", pg_data);
44 if (stat(pwdpath, &statbuf) != 0 ||!S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)){
45 fprintf(stderr,_("%s: The password file was not generated. " "Please report this problem.\n"),progname);
46 exit_nicely();
47 }
48 }
setup_depend函数用于设置pg_depend表，先从pg_depend表中删除已有的条目，并进行VACUUM，从pg_shdepend表中删除已有条目，并进行VACUUM，从pg_class中取出tableoid和oid并处理成pg_depend的条目，存入pg_depend表中，对pg_proc、pg_type、pg_cast、pg_constraint、pg_attrdef等表进行处理。
1 static void setup_depend(void) {
2 PG_CMD_DECL;
3 const char **line;
4 static const char *pg_depend_setup[] = {
5 /* First delete any already-made entries */
6 "DELETE FROM pg_depend;\n",
7 "VACUUM pg_depend;\n",
8 "DELETE FROM pg_shdepend;\n",
9 "VACUUM pg_shdepend;\n",
10 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
11 " FROM pg_class;\n",
12 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
13 " FROM pg_proc;\n",
14 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
15 " FROM pg_type;\n",
16 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
17 " FROM pg_cast;\n",
18 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
19 " FROM pg_constraint;\n",
20 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
21 " FROM pg_attrdef;\n",
22 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
23 " FROM pg_language;\n",
24 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
25 " FROM pg_operator;\n",
26 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
27 " FROM pg_opclass;\n",
28 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
29 " FROM pg_opfamily;\n",
30 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
31 " FROM pg_amop;\n",
32 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
33 " FROM pg_amproc;\n",
34 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
35 " FROM pg_rewrite;\n",
36 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
37 " FROM pg_trigger;\n",
38 /* restriction here to avoid pinning the public namespace */
39 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
40 " FROM pg_namespace "
41 " WHERE nspname LIKE 'pg%';\n",
42 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
43 " FROM pg_ts_parser;\n",
44 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
45 " FROM pg_ts_dict;\n",
46 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
47 " FROM pg_ts_template;\n",
48 "INSERT INTO pg_depend SELECT 0,0,0, tableoid,oid,0, 'p' "
49 " FROM pg_ts_config;\n",
50 "INSERT INTO pg_shdepend SELECT 0,0,0,0, tableoid,oid, 'p' "
51 " FROM pg_authid;\n",
52 NULL
53 };
54 fputs(_("initializing dependencies ... "), stdout);
55 fflush(stdout);
56 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "\"%s\" %s template1 >%s", backend_exec, backend_options, DEVNULL);
57 PG_CMD_OPEN;
58 for (line = pg_depend_setup; *line != NULL; line++)
59 PG_CMD_PUTS(*line);
60 PG_CMD_CLOSE;
61 check_ok();
62 }