nginx（三）初步搭建nginx虚拟主机

2023-07-24 11:48:16

上面就是nginx基于域名、ip访问的配置，掌握住格式，就很好配置了。

一、基于域名的虚拟主机的配置；
1、我们在此复习一下DNS的配置；
[root@mgmserver /]# hostname
mgmserver.com
[root@/]#yum install bind*
[root@mgmserver /]#rpm -ivh /var/cdiso/Server/caching-nameserver-9.3.6-4.P1.el5.i386.rpm
[root@mgmserver /]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
[root@mgmserver etc]# cp -p named.caching-nameserver.conf named.conf
[root@mgmserver etc]#vi named.conf
其他的不用修改只在视图里面添加zone就可以了；
view localhost_resolver {
        match-clients      { any; };
        match-destinations { any; };
        recursion yes;
        include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
        zone "mgmserver.com" {
        type master;
        file "mgmserver.com.zone";
        allow-update { any;};
        };
        zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
        type master;
        file "192.168.0.rev";
        allow-update { any;};
};
[root@mgmserver etc]# cd ../var/named/
下面有很多模板文件。Named.ca就是根区域的数据库文件，localhost.zone这个是正向解析的数据库文件，named.local这个是反向解析的数据库文件。
[root@mgmserver named]# cp localhost.zone mgmserver.com.zone

[root@mgmserver named]# cp named.local 192.168.0.rev

编辑这两个文件
[root@mgmserver named]#vi mgmserver.com.zone
$TTL    86400
@       IN      SOA     mgmserver.com. root.mgmserver.com. (
                                      1997022700 ; Serial
                                      28800      ; Refresh
                                      14400      ; Retry
                                      3600000    ; Expire
                                      86400 )    ; Minimum
        IN      NS      mgmserver.com.
        IN      MX 10 mail.mgmserver.com.
mail    IN      A       192.168.0.28
server IN      A       192.168.0.33
www     IN      A       192.168.0.28
web     IN      CNAME   www.mgmserver.com.

[root@mgmserver named]#vi 192.168.0.rev

$TTL    86400
@               IN SOA mgmserver.com.       root.mgmserver.com. (
                                        42              ; serial (d. adams)
                                        3H              ; refresh我
                                        15M             ; retry
                                        1W              ; expiry
                                        1D )            ; minimum

IN NS           mgmserver.com.
28              IN PTR          mgmserver.com.
33              IN PTR          server.mgmserver.com.

简单的配置一下，我们要使用的www.mgmserver.com 与web.mgmserver.com这两个域名来测试；

[root@mgmserver named]# named-checkconf /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

[root@mgmserver named]# service named restart
停止 named： [确定]
启动 named： [确定]

我们到另外一台机器测试

到这里我们的为nginx的配置www.mgmserver.com 与web.mgmserver.com这两个域名都可以使用过了；

2、配置nginx配置文件，添加两个虚拟主机

[root@mgmserver conf]# vi nginx.conf

[root@mgmserver www.mgmserver.com_web]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
[emerg]: "server" directive is not allowed here in /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:45
configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test failed

第一次出现错误提示，查找原来是少了一个大括号，添加上就可以了；在检测就OK了；
[root@mgmserver www.mgmserver.com_web]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@mgmserver www.mgmserver.com_web]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
启动nginx

[root@mgmserver conf]# cd /var/web/
[root@mgmserver web]# ls
web.mgmserver.com_web www.mgmserver.com_web
在这两个目录里面分别建立一个index.html文件保存

到另外一个server2003上面测试

两个静态页面已基本OK;
二、基于IP的虚拟之际的配置；

[root@mgmserver conf]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:6C:BD:F3:00
          inet addr:192.168.0.28 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::200:6cff:febd:f300/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
          RX packets:19200 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:9925 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:1680955 (1.6 MiB) TX bytes:1308926 (1.2 MiB)
          Interrupt:50 Base address:0x4000

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
          RX packets:269 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:269 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:24484 (23.9 KiB) TX bytes:24484 (23.9 KiB)

[root@mgmserver ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.0.37 broadcast 192.168.0.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@mgmserver ~]# route add -host 192.168.0.37 dev eth0:1
[root@mgmserver ~]# ifconfig eth0:2 192.168.0.38 broadcast 192.168.0.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@mgmserver ~]# route add -host 192.168.0.38 dev eth0:2

[root@mgmserver ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:6C:BD:F3:00
          inet addr:192.168.0.28 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::200:6cff:febd:f300/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
          RX packets:20209 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:10625 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:1768186 (1.6 MiB) TX bytes:1390606 (1.3 MiB)
          Interrupt:50 Base address:0x4000

eth0:1    Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:6C:BD:F3:00
          inet addr:192.168.0.37 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
          Interrupt:50 Base address:0x4000

eth0:2    Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:6C:BD:F3:00
          inet addr:192.168.0.38 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
          Interrupt:50 Base address:0x4000

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
          RX packets:281 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:281 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:25797 (25.1 KiB) TX bytes:25797 (25.1 KiB)

从另外一台win2003上测试

结果都是通的;通过使用ifconfig与route添加的ip地址别名在服务器重启后就会消失了,可以将这两条语句添加到/etc/rc.local 文件中,让系统开机时自动运行;

#vi /etc/rc.local

ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.0.37 broadcast 192.168.0.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add -host 192.168.0.37 dev eth0:1

ifconfig eth0:2 192.168.0.38 broadcast 192.168.0.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add -host 192.168.0.38 dev eth0:2

保存就可以了;

下面我们在nginx的配置文件中nginx.conf分别对192.168.0.28 ,192.168.0.37,192.168.0.38三个IP配置虚拟主机，

server {
        listen       192.168.0.28:80;
        server_name 192.168.0.28;
        access_log logs/192.168.0.28.access.log main;

location / {
            root   /var/web/192.168.0.28;
            index index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

server {
        listen       192.168.0.37:80;
        server_name 192.168.0.37;
        access_log logs/192.168.0.37.access.log main;

location / {
        root   /var/web/192.168.0.37;
        index index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

server {
       listen        192.168.0.38:80;
       server_name   192.168.0.38;
       access_log    logs/192.168.0.38.access.log main;

location / {
       root     /var/web/192.168.0.38;
       index    index.html    index.htm;
       }
    }

[root@mgmserver ~]# kill -QUIT `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
[root@mgmserver ~]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root 5284 4213 0 13:39 pts/2 00:00:00 vi nginx.conf
root 5356 4053 0 13:49 pts/1 00:00:00 grep nginx

[root@mgmserver ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@mgmserver ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

在/var/web下面分别建立三个目录

192.168.0.28 192.168.0.37 192.168.0.38

分别在三个目录中放一个index.html 文件分别写上自己的IP地址；

从win2003上面访问；

上面就是nginx基于域名、ipnginx的虚拟主机配置跟apache的配置类似也有IP与域名配置两种，下面我们就实践一下；

访问的配置，掌握住格式，就很好配置了。

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