最近一个WPF项目需要改写成android项目，思路是在asp.net项目中编写一个通用接口，便于其它平台下调用数据。刚接触到这些东西的时候完全是一头雾水，最根本的原因是不明白网站中的一个网页，为什么其它项目就可以访问它，并获取数据。带着疑问在asp.net项目编写一个简单的数据接口，并新建一个小winform项目直接访问它。本文涉及到的知识点有：在asp.net项目中如何编写一个数据接口；使用反射辨别响应的方法；以及如何获取接口的数据。这里仅仅是介绍如何使用它们，而不讲述使用它们的基本原理，一是本人道行浅薄对基本原理不了解，害怕随便书写误导后人；二是如果阐述其基本原理，势必需要花费大量时间，奈何时间有限。将来如果上述两个条件满足，必会在最下面做出论述，因为这对自己的进步也是一个肯定。闲话少说，开始正文。
主要内容：
1、asp.net项目下编写数据接口
2、使用反射分辨调用方法
3、新建一个winform项目测试接口的正确性
1、在asp.net项目下编写一简单接口
编写一个方法，构造一个json字符串Response即可。
private void ExamInfoLogin()
{
string aa = "";
string bb = ""; string roomName = Request.Form["RoomName"];
if (roomName == "")
{
aa = "";
} StringBuilder jsonStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
jsonStringBuilder.Append("{");
jsonStringBuilder.Append("\"UName\":\"").Append(aa).Append("\",");
jsonStringBuilder.Append("\"Password\":\"").Append(bb).Append("\"");
jsonStringBuilder.Append("}");
Response.Write(jsonStringBuilder.ToString());
}
2、使用反射选取调用方法
假设在aspx页面中有很多方法，而在使用过程中往往仅需要调用其中的某一个方法，此处用反射选取调用方法。
反射过程中使用的常量：
private const string PAGE_PATH_INFO = "/AppDataInterface/ExamLogin.aspx";//页面
private const string ASSEMBLY_NAME = "OSCEWEB";//程序集
private const string CLASS_NAME = "OSCEWEB.AppDataInterface.ExamLogin";//类名
重写OnInit方法：
protected override void OnInit(EventArgs e)
{
string pathInfo = Request.Params["PATH_INFO"];
if (pathInfo.StartsWith(PAGE_PATH_INFO + "/"))
{
string[] nameList = pathInfo.Substring(PAGE_PATH_INFO.Length + ).Split('/');
if (nameList.Length < )
{
Response.End();
return;
} try
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(ASSEMBLY_NAME);
Type type = assembly.GetType(CLASS_NAME);
MethodInfo method = type.GetMethod(nameList[], System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance);
method.Invoke(this, null);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.End();
return;
}
}
}
在Page_Load方法中添加：
if (Request.Params["PATH_INFO"].StartsWith(PAGE_PATH_INFO + "/"))
{
Response.End();
}
3、新建一Winform项目，访问asp.net中数据接口
发布asp.net项目，网址：http://192.168.4.22:8005
1）无需向数据接口传递数据：
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string strURL = "http://192.168.4.22:8005/AppDataInterface/ExamLogin.aspx/ExamInfoLogin";
request = (System.Net.HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strURL);
response = (System .Net.HttpWebResponse )request .GetResponse (); System.IO.StreamReader streamReader = new System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
string responseText = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
MessageBox.Show(responseText);
}
得到的数据是：{"UName":"8","Password":"9"}
2）以post方式向数据接口传递数据，获取接口数据
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string strURL = "http://192.168.4.22:8005/AppDataInterface/ExamLogin.aspx/ExamInfoLogin"; request = (System.Net.HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strURL);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
string param = "RoomName=806";
ASCIIEncoding encoding = new ASCIIEncoding ();
byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes(param);
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
System.IO.Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream();
stream.Write(data, , data.Length);
stream.Close(); response = (System.Net.HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
System.IO.StreamReader streamReader = new System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
string responseText = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
MessageBox.Show(responseText);
}
得到的数据：{"UName":"7","Password":"9"}
、、
string url = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["GetHisOrderUrl"];
string strXml = GetHisOrderXml(hisOrder); System.Net.HttpWebRequest request = (System.Net.HttpWebRequest) System.Net.WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=utf-8";
byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strXml);
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
request.Headers["SOAPAction"] = "http://tempuri.org/IRouterService/RunService";
System.IO.Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream();
stream.Write(data, , data.Length);
stream.Close(); System.Net.HttpWebResponse response = (System.Net.HttpWebResponse) request.GetResponse();
System.IO.StreamReader streamReader = new System.IO.StreamReader(response .GetResponseStream(),Encoding.UTF8);
string responseStr = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
4、总结
按照上述介绍的一些方法确实能完成项目，但是对其为什么该如此还是充满疑惑，总感觉心中无底、战战兢兢，希望有高手可以对小弟指点一二，不胜感激。
附加：
1、post图片上传到服务器中：
public void UploadImage(string imgPath)
{
var postUrl = string.Empty; HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(postUrl) as HttpWebRequest;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
request.Method = "POST"; string boundary = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 随机分隔线
request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=utf-8;boundary=" + boundary;
byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n"); int pos = imgPath.LastIndexOf("\\");
string fileName = imgPath.Substring(pos + ); //请求头部信息
StringBuilder sbHeader = new StringBuilder(string.Format("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\"{0}\"\r\nContent-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n", fileName));
byte[] postHeaderBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sbHeader.ToString()); FileStream fs = new FileStream(imgPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
byte[] bArr = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(bArr, , bArr.Length);
fs.Close(); Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream();
postStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, , itemBoundaryBytes.Length);
postStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, , postHeaderBytes.Length);
postStream.Write(bArr, , bArr.Length);
postStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, , endBoundaryBytes.Length);
postStream.Close(); WebResponse response = (System.Net.HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
System.IO.StreamReader streamReader = new System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
string responseText = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
MessageBox.Show(responseText);
}
2、