IT忍者神龟之 oracle行转列、列转行

2023-07-22 08:38:58

一、行转列

须要将例如以下格式

转换为：

这就是最常见的行转列，主要原理是利用decode函数、聚集函数(sum)。结合group by分组实现的

create table test(
id varchar2(255) primary key not null,
name varchar2(255),
course varchar2(255),
score varchar2(255)
);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'zhangsan','语文',85);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'zhangsan','数学',78);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'zhangsan','英语',90);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'lisi','语文',73);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'lisi','数学',84);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'lisi','英语',92);

行转列SQL语句为：

select t.name,
sum(decode(t.course, '语文', score,null)) as chinese,
sum(decode(t.course, '数学', score,null)) as math,
sum(decode(t.course, '英语', score,null)) as english
from test t
group by t.name
order by t.name

二、列转行

将例如以下格式

转换为

这就是最常见的列转行。主要原理是利用SQL里面的union

create table test(
id varchar2(255) primary key not null,
name varchar2(255),
ch_score varchar2(255),
math_score varchar2(255),
en_score varchar2(255)
);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'zhangsan',88,76,90);
insert into test values(sys_guid(),'lisi',91,67,82);

列转行SQL语句为：

select name, '语文' COURSE , ch_score as SCORE from test
union select name, '数学' COURSE, MATH_SCORE as SCORE from test
union select name, '英语' COURSE, EN_SCORE as SCORE from test
order by name,COURSE