学习内容来自“慕课网”
这里用Fragment来实现APP主界面
思路：
底部横向排列4个LinearLayout，每个LinearLayout包含一个图片按钮和一个文字
1、默认显示第一个功能（微信）的图标为亮，其他三个为暗
2、点击相应的按钮，首先将所有的图标变暗，接着隐藏所有Fragment，再把点击的对应的Fragment显示出来，并把相应的图标显示亮
首先布局文件
activity_main.xml与ViewPager实现Tab的是不一样的
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<include layout="@layout/top"/> <FrameLayout //与Viewpager实现Tab的不同点在这里
android:id="@+id/id_content"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight=""
></FrameLayout> <include layout="@layout/bottom"/>
</LinearLayout>
其他布局文件都是一样的
头部部分：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:background="@drawable/title_bar"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="微信"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:textStyle="bold" /> </LinearLayout>
top.xml
底部部分：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="55dp"
android:background="@drawable/bottom_bar"
android:orientation="horizontal" > <LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/id_tab_weixin"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight=""
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/id_tab_weixin_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/tab_weixin_pressed"
android:clickable="false"
android:background="#00000000"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="微信"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
/>
</LinearLayout> <LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/id_tab_add"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight=""
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/id_tab_add_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:clickable="false"
android:src="@drawable/tab_address_normal"
android:background="#00000000"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="通信录"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
/>
</LinearLayout> <LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/id_tab_frd"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight=""
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/id_tab_frd_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:clickable="false"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/tab_find_frd_normal"
android:background="#00000000"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="朋友"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
/>
</LinearLayout> <LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/id_tab_set"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight=""
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/id_tab_set_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:clickable="false"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/tab_settings_normal"
android:background="#00000000"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="设置"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
bottom.xml
四个功能点击布局(这里只贴一个，都一样的，只是显示的文字不同方便效果演示而已)：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:text="微信"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" /> </LinearLayout>
然后是java文件
MainActivity.java
package com.example.fragment_tab; import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.text.method.HideReturnsTransformationMethod;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.LinearLayout; public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnClickListener{ private LinearLayout mTabWeixin;
private LinearLayout mTabFrd;
private LinearLayout mTabAdd;
private LinearLayout mTabSet; //imagebutton
private ImageButton mImgWeixin;
private ImageButton mImgFrd;
private ImageButton mImgAdd;
private ImageButton mImgSet; //fragment
private Fragment mTab_1;
private Fragment mTab_2;
private Fragment mTab_3;
private Fragment mTab_4; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //初始化
init();
initEvent();
//默认显示第一个功能的界面(微信界面)
setSelect();
} private void initEvent() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mTabWeixin.setOnClickListener(this);
mTabAdd.setOnClickListener(this);
mTabFrd.setOnClickListener(this);
mTabSet.setOnClickListener(this); } private void init() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mTabWeixin = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_weixin);
mTabAdd = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_add);
mTabFrd = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_frd);
mTabSet = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_set); mImgWeixin = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_weixin_image);
mImgAdd = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_add_image);
mImgFrd = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_frd_image);
mImgSet = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_set_image); } //响应事件
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//先切换图片至暗色
resetImage();
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.id_tab_weixin:
setSelect();
break;
case R.id.id_tab_add:
setSelect();
break;
case R.id.id_tab_frd:
setSelect();
break;
case R.id.id_tab_set:
setSelect();
break; default:
break;
}
} private void setSelect(int i){
FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction transaction = fm.beginTransaction();
//隐藏所有
hidFragment(transaction); //把图片设置为亮的 //设置内容区域
switch (i) {
case :
if(mTab_1 == null)
{
mTab_1 = new WeixinFragment();
transaction.add(R.id.id_content, mTab_1);
}
else
{
transaction.show(mTab_1); }
mImgWeixin.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_weixin_pressed);
break;
case :
if(mTab_2 == null)
{
mTab_2 = new AddFragment();
transaction.add(R.id.id_content, mTab_2);
}
else
{
transaction.show(mTab_2); }
mImgAdd.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_address_pressed);
break;
case :
if(mTab_3 == null)
{
mTab_3 = new FrdFragment();
transaction.add(R.id.id_content, mTab_3);
}
else
{
transaction.show(mTab_3); }
mImgFrd.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_find_frd_pressed);
break;
case :
if(mTab_4 == null)
{
mTab_4 = new SetFragment();
transaction.add(R.id.id_content, mTab_4);
}
else
{
transaction.show(mTab_4); }
mImgSet.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_settings_pressed);
break; default:
break; }
transaction.commit();
}
private void hidFragment(FragmentTransaction transaction) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(mTab_1 != null)
{
transaction.hide(mTab_1);
}
if(mTab_2 != null)
{
transaction.hide(mTab_2);
}
if(mTab_3 != null)
{
transaction.hide(mTab_3);
}
if(mTab_4 != null)
{
transaction.hide(mTab_4);
} } //将所有功能图标的界面设为暗色
private void resetImage() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mImgWeixin.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_weixin_normal);
mImgAdd.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_address_normal);
mImgFrd.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_find_frd_normal);
mImgSet.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_settings_normal); } }
MainActivity
AddFragment.java
package com.example.fragment_tab; import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup; public class AddFragment extends Fragment{ @Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub return inflater.inflate(R.layout.tab_2, container,false);
}
}
SetFragment.java
package com.example.fragment_tab; import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup; public class SetFragment extends Fragment{ @Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub return inflater.inflate(R.layout.tab_4, container,false);
}
}
WeixinFragment.java
package com.example.fragment_tab; import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup; public class WeixinFragment extends Fragment{ @Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub return inflater.inflate(R.layout.tab_1, container,false);
}
}
FrdFragment.java
package com.example.fragment_tab; import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup; public class FrdFragment extends Fragment{
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.tab_3, container,false);
} }
除了MainActivity.java的其他四个java文件都是相似的
效果图：
然后说下Fragment实现Tab与ViewPager实现Tab的不同点
1、用ViewPage的时候所有的布局都写在MainActivity.java，导致代码过长，不易写和修改
2、用Fragment的时候MainActivity只起到调用各布局的作用，具体（比如设置功能）的布局，响应事件，控件都由各自的Fragment处理，方便后期代码的维护
3、用ViewPage实现Tab可以使得中间内容部分左右滑动，而Fragment实现Tab则不能实现中间内容部分的左右滑动