1.1 介质准备

mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

该介质可以从官网上进行下载

 

1.1  创建mysql用户和用户组

#groupadd mysql

#useradd -g mysql mysql

#passwd mysql

 

1.1 下载解压二进制文件,解压,进入解压出来的文件

[root@localhost soft]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@localhost soft]# mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql5733

[root@localhost soft]# cd /opt/mysql5733

[root@localhost mysql5733]# ls

bin  docs  include  lib  LICENSE  man  README  share  support-files

 

1.1 在mysql主目录下建立相应的目录

data目录存放数据文件,conf目录存放配置文件

[root@localhost mysql5733]#cd /opt/mysql5733

[root@localhost mysql5733]#mkdir data                  ##数据文件目录

[root@localhost mysql5733]#mkdir conf                  ## 配置文件目录

[root@localhost mysql5733]#mkdir redolog               ##redo日志文件

[root@localhost mysql5733]#mkdir -p mysqllog/relaylog  ##主从环境relaylog

[root@localhost mysql5733]#mkdir -p mysqllog/logfile   ##错误日志文件

[root@localhost mysql5733]#mkdir -p mysqllog/binlog    ##binlog文件

[root@localhost mysql5733]#mkdir -p secure_file        ##secure_file_priv参数指定路

 

1.1  在conf目录下创建配置文件my.cnf,配置文件内容如下

[mysqld]
port=13306
server-id=1
basedir=/opt/mysql5733
datadir=/opt/mysql5733/data
socket=/opt/mysql5733/mysql.sock
max_connections = 3000
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8mb4_general_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
interactive_timeout=86400
wait_timeout=86400

skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size= 128M
max_allowed_packet=32M
query_cache_size=32M
read_buffer_size=2M
sort_buffer_size=128M
join_buffer_size= 128M

innodb_file_per_table= 1
innodb_open_files= 5000
innodb_buffer_pool_size= 100G ##物理内存的80%
innodb_write_io_threads= 16
innodb_read_io_threads= 16
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads= 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit= 2
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_file_size=256M
innodb_log_files_in_group= 5
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct= 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout= 120
bulk_insert_buffer_size= 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=64M
myisam_max_sort_file_size= 10G
myisam_repair_threads= 1
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
event_scheduler=1
max_binlog_size=100M
binlog_format=row
log-bin=/opt/mysql5733/mysqllog/binlog/binlog.bin
slow_query_log=on
slow_query_log_file=/opt/mysql5733/mysqllog/logfile/slow-query.log
long_query_time=1
log-error=/opt/mysql5733/mysqllog/logfile/mysql-err.log
binlog_cache_size=4MB
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
expire_logs_days=15
skip-slave-start
relay-log-index=/opt/mysql5733/mysqllog/relaylog/slave-relay-bin.index
relay-log=/opt/mysql5733/mysqllog/relaylog/relaylog-binlog
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema,performance_schema
slave_net_timeout=60
language=/opt/mysql5733/share/english
early-plugin-load=""
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
log_slave_updates=1
gtid_mode=ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
lower_case_table_names=1
sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'

##secure_file_priv参数
secure_file_priv=/opt/mysql5733/secure_file


##审计,需要安装审计插件才可用
server_audit_logging=on
server_audit_file_path =/opt/mysql5733/audit
server_audit_file_rotate_size=524288000
server_audit_file_rotations=256
server_audit_file_rotate_now=ON
server_audit_events='connect,table,query_ddl,query_dcl,query_dml_no_select';




[client]
port = 13306
socket=/opt/mysql5733/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

 

1.1  修改mysql目录权限

[root@localhost opt]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./mysql5733

 

1.1 初始化数据库

root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql5733 --datadir=/opt/mysql5733/data --lc_messages_dir=/opt/mysql5733/share --lc_messages=en_US
2021-04-08T06:52:15.255824Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-04-08T06:52:27.425045Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-04-08T06:52:28.498904Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-04-08T06:52:28.793787Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: fbf83c6c-9836-11eb-8ec4-52540051cd25.
2021-04-08T06:52:28.941653Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-04-08T06:52:30.136173Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-04-08T06:52:30.491597Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Z>YSOb#if5H)

红色为临时密码

 

1.1 启动(mysql下启动)

su - mysql

[mysql@localhost bin]$cd /opt/mysql5733/bin

[mysql@localhost bin]$ ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/mysql5733/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql &

 

1.1  登陆mysql并修改密码

[mysql@localhost bin]$ ./mysql -h localhost -uroot -P13306 -p -S /opt/mysql5733/mysql.sock

Enter password:

 

这里输入初始化的密码

 

修改密码

mysql> set password=password('mysql');

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.10 sec)

或者

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('mysql') where user='root' and host = 'localhost';

flush privileges;

 

1.1 开启所有日志（看情况需要）

set global general_log=on;

 

set global log_output='TABLE'

 

永久生效的话可以将如下配置写到配置文件

[mysqld]

general_log = 1

log_output=TABLE

 

同时也可以写入到文件(默认是写入到文件的)

[mysqld]

general_log = 1

general_log_file = /opt/mysql5733/all.log

log_output=FILE,TABLE

 

 

开启后所有的日志会记录到mysql. general_log

mysql> select * from general_log;

+----------------------------+---------------------------+-----------+-----------+--------------+----------------------------+

| event_time                 | user_host                 | thread_id | server_id | command_type | argument                   |

+----------------------------+---------------------------+-----------+-----------+--------------+----------------------------+

| 2021-04-08 15:24:25.563842 | root[root] @ localhost [] |         5 |         1 | Query        | show databases             |

| 2021-04-08 15:24:30.730637 | root[root] @ localhost [] |         5 |         1 | Query        | SELECT DATABASE()          |

| 2021-04-08 15:24:30.730893 | root[root] @ localhost [] |         5 |         1 | Init DB      | mysql                      |

| 2021-04-08 15:24:30.732618 | root[root] @ localhost [] |         5 |         1 | Query        | show databases             |

 

1.1 开启审计

1.1.1     找到安全审计插件

可以下载mariadb后,解压找到server_audit.so

我这里下载的mariadb版本是10.4，将该文件上传到服务器的tmp目录

 

1.1.1     将server_audit.so 拷贝到mysql插件的路径下

mysql账号下操作

[mysql@localhost plugin]$ cp /tmp/server_audit.so /opt/mysql5733/lib/plugin/

 

注意权限,若不是mysql权限的话需要修改下权限

cd /opt/mysql5733/lib/plugin

chown mysql:mysql ./server_audit.so

 

1.1.1     安装审计插件

[mysql@localhost bin]$ ./mysql -h localhost -uroot -S /opt/mysql5733/mysql.sock -pmysql

INSTALL PLUGIN server_audit SONAME 'server_audit.so';

 

1.1.1     开启审计功能

先创建审计存储目录

[root@localhost mysql57]#mkdir -p /opt/mysql5733/audit

[root@localhost mysql57]#chown -R mysql:mysql ./audit/

 

开启审计

mysql>set global server_audit_logging=on;

mysql>set global server_audit_file_path='/opt/mysql5733/audit';

mysql>set global server_audit_file_rotate_size=524288000;

mysql>set global server_audit_file_rotations=256;

mysql>set global server_audit_file_rotate_now=ON;

 set global server_audit_events='connect,table,query_ddl,query_dcl,query_dml_no_select';

 

将如下配置添加到初始化文件,避免重启失效

server_audit_logging=on

server_audit_file_path =/opt/mysql5733/audit

server_audit_file_rotate_size=524288000

server_audit_file_rotations=256

server_audit_file_rotate_now=ON

server_audit_events='connect,table,query_ddl,query_dcl,query_dml_no_select';

 

1.1.1     验证

客户端写入数据到表

insert into tb_test01 values(100,'name1');

 

 

查看审计日志文件

[mysql@localhost audit]$ more server_audit.log

可以发现有记录如下的信息

 

20210408 16:46:59,localhost.localdomain,hxl,192.168.2.84,13,145,QUERY,db_hxl,'insert into tb_test01 values(100,\'name1\')',0

 

1.1.1     关闭审计

set global server_audit_logging=off;