Sql 中常用时间处理函数

1.Sql 中常用时间处理函数 

GETDATE()  返回当前的日期和时间

DATEPART()  返回日期/时间的单独部分

DATEADD()   返回日期中添加或减去指定的时间间隔

DATEDIFF()  返回两个日期直接的时间

DATENAME()  返回指定日期的指定日期部分的整数

CONVERT()   返回不同格式的时间

2.一些常用的日期格式
select DATEDIFF(day, '2019-08-20', getDate());      --获取指定时间单位的差值
SELECT DATEADD(MINUTE,-5,GETDATE()) --加减时间,此处为获取五分钟前的时间,MINUTE 表示分钟,可为 YEAR,MONTH,DAY,HOUR
select DATENAME(month, getDate()); --当前月份
select DATENAME(WEEKDAY, getDate()); --当前星期几
select DATEPART(month, getDate()); --当前月份
select DAY(getDate()); --返回当前日期天数
select MONTH(getDate()); --返回当前日期月数
select YEAR(getDate()); --返回当前日期年数
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),120) --时间格式转化 获取精确到分的时间 2019-08-20 14:53
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(24),GETDATE(),102) --2006.05.16
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),GETDATE(),114) --15:31:39:227
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),0) --08 20 2019 3:02
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),GETDATE(),5) --20-08-19
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),11) --19/08/20
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(16),GETDATE(),12) --
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(22),GETDATE(),20) --2019-08-20 15:06:04 若为16 则为精确到分
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(24),GETDATE(),21) --2019-08-20 15:06:04.590
3.日期单位及其缩写
 
日期单位
缩写
year
yyyy 或yy
quarter
qq,q
month
mm,m
dayofyear
dy,y
day
dd,d
week
wk,ww
weekday
dw
Hour
hh
minute
mi,n
second
ss,s
millisecond
ms
declare @date datetime
set @date=GETDATE()
select datepart(year,@date)iYear,datepart(month,@date)iMonth,datepart(day,@date)iDay,datepart(quarter,@date)iDuarter, datepart(dayofyear,@date)iDayofyear,datepart(weekday,@date)iWeekday,
datepart(week,@date)iWeek,datepart(Hour,@date)iHour,datepart(minute,@date)iMinute,datepart(SECOND,@date)iSecond,datepart(millisecond,@date)iMillisecond
 --采用简写格式
declare @date datetime
set @date=GETDATE()
select datepart(yyyy,@date)iYear,datepart(mm,@date)iMonth,datepart(d,@date)iDay,datepart(qq,@date)iDuarter, datepart(dy,@date)iDayofyear,datepart(dw,@date)iWeekday,
datepart(ww,@date)iWeek,datepart(hh,@date)iHour,datepart(mi,@date)iMinute,datepart(s,@date)iSecond,datepart(ms,@date)iMillisecon
 
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