//总体来说这个过程就是构建数据源->构建层->构建要素->构建形状->关闭数据源。

//要包含的GDAL头文件

#include <gdal_priv.h>

#include <ogrsf_frmts.h>

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib,"gdal_i.lib")

bool Creatshape(const char* pszFileName ,int line,int row);

#include <tchar.h>  //_TCHAR* 类型在该头文件里

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])

{

	const char *pszFileName="C:\\Users\\Public\\Pictures\\Sample Pictures\\srtm_51_03.tif";

	Creatshape(pszFileName,7,9);

	system("pause");

	return 0;

}

/************************************************************************/

/*创建过程：构建数据源->构建层->构建要素->构建形状->关闭数据源

/* 参数pszFileName 为输入的文件名

参数linenum为划分的行数

参数rows为划分的列数*/

/************************************************************************/

bool Creatshape(const char* pszFileName ,int linenum,int rows)

{

	//获取影像信息

	GDALDataset *poDataSet;

	GDALAllRegister();

	CPLSetConfigOption("GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8","NO");

	poDataSet=(GDALDataset*)GDALOpen(pszFileName,GA_ReadOnly); //打开数据集

 	if (poDataSet==NULL)

	{

		"Failed to open this dataset!"; //代开失败的话则给出提示并退出

		exit(1);

	}

	double Trans[6];//坐标转换参数数组,作为GetGeoTransform()函数的参数

	int width,height; //影像的像行列数;

	width=poDataSet->GetRasterXSize(); //获取影像列数，为后续划分网格做准备

	height=poDataSet->GetRasterYSize();//获取影像行数，为后续划分网格做准备

	poDataSet->GetGeoTransform(Trans);

	for (int i=0;i<6;i++)

	{

		cout<<Trans[i]<<endl;  //循环输出仿射变换参数;

	}

	//注册shape文件驱动

	const char* pszDriverName="ESRI Shapefile";

	OGRSFDriver *poDriver;

	OGRRegisterAll();

	poDriver=OGRSFDriverRegistrar::GetRegistrar()->GetDriverByName(pszDriverName);

	if (poDriver==NULL)

	{

		printf("%s driver is not available!",pszDriverName);

		exit(1);

	}

	//创建shape文件;

	OGRDataSource *poDS;

	//创建一个叫myshapefile的目录，存放生成的文件;

	//如果名字有.shp后缀，则直接在当前目录下生成文件;

	poDS=poDriver->CreateDataSource("myshapefile.shp",NULL);

	if (poDS==NULL)

	{

		printf("Create my shape file failed!");

		exit(1);

	}

	//创建输出图层;

	OGRLayer *poLayer;;

	const char *prj=poDataSet->GetProjectionRef(); //获取栅格影像的空间参考信息

	cout<<"栅格数据空间参考信息为:\n"<<prj<<endl<<endl;

	OGRSpatialReference oSRS;

	oSRS.SetFromUserInput(prj);  //将获得的空间参考信息字符串做为文本一次性赋给矢量数据的OGRSpatialReference对象;

	poLayer=poDS->CreateLayer(pszFileName,&oSRS, wkbUnknown, NULL);

	if (poLayer==NULL)

	{

		printf("Creat layer failed!");

		exit(1);

	}

	//创建层数据的属性fields;

	OGRFieldDefn oField("Point",OFTString);

	oField.SetWidth(10);

	if (poLayer->CreateField(&oField)!=OGRERR_NONE)

	{

		printf("Create Point Field Failed!");

		exit(1);

	}

	//创建features，写入feature到磁盘;

	OGRFeature *poFeature;

	poFeature=OGRFeature::CreateFeature(poLayer->GetLayerDefn());

	//绘制外边框

	OGRLineString Line;

	OGRPoint Point1(Trans[0],Trans[3]);

	OGRPoint Point2(Trans[0]+width*Trans[1],Trans[3]);

	OGRPoint Point3(Trans[0]+width*Trans[1],Trans[3]+width*Trans[4]+height*Trans[5]);

	OGRPoint Point4(Trans[0],Trans[3]+width*Trans[4]+height*Trans[5]);//四个角点的地理坐标，通过行列号计算地理坐标，是通过六参数得到的;

	Line.addPoint(&Point1);

	Line.addPoint(&Point2);

	Line.addPoint(&Point3);

	Line.addPoint(&Point4);

	Line.addPoint(&Point1);

	//水平方向加线;

	OGRLineString SubHline[50];

	OGRPoint PointLeft[50],PointRight[50];

	for (int i=1;i<linenum;i++)

	{

		PointLeft[i].setX(Trans[0]); //设置左边框上要加线的起点X坐标

		PointLeft[i].setY((Point4.getY()-Trans[3])/linenum*i+Trans[3]);//设置左边框上要加线的起点Y坐标

		PointRight[i].setX(Point2.getX());//设置右边框上要加线的起点X坐标

		PointRight[i].setY((Point4.getY()-Trans[3])/linenum*i+Trans[3]);//设置右边框上要加线的起点Y坐标

	}

	for (int i=1;i<linenum;i++)

	{

		SubHline[i].addPoint(&PointLeft[i]); //左边框上加点;

		SubHline[i].addPoint(&PointRight[i]);//右边框上加点;

		if (i<linenum-1)

		{

			SubHline[i].addPoint(&PointRight[i+1]); //从右边框的上一点转到下一点，避免交叉斜线的出现;

		}

		Line.addSubLineString(&SubHline[i]);//将SubHline数组中的每一个线做为子线段添加到Line对象中;

	}

	Line.addPoint(&Point2);

	//垂直方向加线

	OGRLineString SubVline[50];

	OGRPoint PointUp[50],PointDown[50];

	for (int j=1;j<rows;j++)

	{

		//添加上边框上的点;

		PointUp[j].setX((Point2.getX()-Trans[0])/rows*j+Trans[0]);

		PointUp[j].setY(Trans[3]);

		//添加下边框上的点;

		PointDown[j].setX((Point2.getX()-Trans[0])/rows*j+Trans[0]);

		PointDown[j].setY(Point4.getY());

	}

	for (int j=1;j<rows;j++)

	{

		SubVline[j].addPoint(&PointUp[j]);

		SubVline[j].addPoint(&PointDown[j]);

		if (j<rows-1)

		{

			SubVline[j].addPoint(&PointDown[j+1]); //从下边框的前一点转到后一点，避免交叉斜线的出现;

		}

		Line.addSubLineString(&SubVline[j]);

	}

	//poFeature->SetGeometryDirectly(&Line);//问题出在这啊！！用SetGeometryDirectly报错，要用SetGeometry

	poFeature->SetGeometry(&Line);

	if (poLayer->CreateFeature(poFeature)!=OGRERR_NONE)

	{

		printf("Failed create feature in shapefile！");

		exit(1);

	}

	OGRFeature::DestroyFeature(poFeature);

	OGRDataSource::DestroyDataSource(poDS);

	printf("创建矢量数据成功！\n");

	system("pause");

	return TRUE;

}

用ENVI打开生成的shp文件：

注意：在计算四个角点的坐标时，用到了六参数，参考博客：http://blog.csdn.net/ivanljf/article/details/9226463