SSM整合详解

2024-03-18 09:57:40

1、基本概念

1.1、Spring
Spring是一个开源框架，Spring是于2003 年兴起的一个轻量级的Java 开发框架，由Rod Johnson 在其著作Expert One-On-One J2EE Development and Design中阐述的部分理念和原型衍生而来。它是为了解决企业应用开发的复杂性而创建的。Spring使用基本的JavaBean来完成以前只可能由EJB完成的事情。然而，Spring的用途不仅限于服务器端的开发。从简单性、可测试性和松耦合的角度而言，任何Java应用都可以从Spring中受益。简单来说，Spring是一个轻量级的控制反转（IoC）和面向切面（AOP）的容器框架。

1.2、SpringMVC
Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品，已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring MVC 分离了控制器、模型对象、分派器以及处理程序对象的角色，这种分离让它们更容易进行定制。

1.3、Mybatis
MyBatis 本是apache的一个开源项目iBatis, 2010年这个项目由apache software foundation 迁移到了google code，并且改名为MyBatis 。MyBatis是一个基于Java的持久层框架。iBATIS提供的持久层框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects（DAO）MyBatis 消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及结果集的检索。MyBatis 使用简单的 XML或注解用于配置和原始映射，将接口和 Java 的POJOs（Plain Old Java Objects，普通的 Java对象）映射成数据库中的记录。

2、操作流程

1、建立Maven工程

2、导入坐标建立依赖

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!--Junit-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库驱动-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.0.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Servlet - JSP -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Mybatis-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Spring-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.12</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>
  </build>
</project>

3、编写实体类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Setter
@Getter
@ToString
public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;

    private String username;

    private String sex;

    private String address;
}

4、编写持久层

public interface UserDao {

    /**
     * 查询所有用户信息
     * */
   List<User> findAll();

    /**
     * 增加用户
     * */
    void create(User user);
}

5、编写业务层接口

public interface UserService {

    /**
     * 查询所有用户信息
     * */
    List<User> findAll();

    /**
     * 增加用户
     * */
    void create(User user);
}

6、编写业务层接口实现

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        System.out.println("查询所有用户");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void create(User user) {
        System.out.println("增加一个用户信息");
    }
}

##7、编写控制层 
```java
public class UserController {

}

SSM整合

1、Spring相关配置

Spring.xml配置表头

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

</beans>

Spring的相关配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

     <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaohe">
        <!--<context:include-filter type="" expression=""/>-->
        <!--排除Controller注解，不需要扫描的这类-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

</beans>

业务了逻辑层实现类代码

@Service(value = "userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        System.out.println("查询所有用户");
        return null;
    }
##1、SpringMVC配置
    @Override
    public void create(User user) {
        System.out.println("增加一个用户信息");
    }
}

测试Spring配置是否成功,新建一个测试Demo


    @Test
    public void testSpring(){
     //获取spring容器
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
        UserServiceImpl userService = context.getBean("userService", UserServiceImpl.class);
        userService.findAll();
    }
}

控制台输出

成功

2、SpringMVC相关配置

Web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

  <!--DispatcherServlet-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！-->
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!--encodingFilter-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
    </filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--Session过期时间-->
  <session-config>
    <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
  </session-config>

</web-app>

配置SpringMVC配置文件相关约束

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
</beans>

Springmvc相关配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
     <!--扫描Controller相关注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaohe">
        <!--表示只扫描Controller注解-->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--配置前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <!--配置后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--设置静态代码不过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--开启Spring注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>

controller配置

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    //查询所有的用户信息
    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(){
        System.out.println("查询到所有的用户列表");
        return "userList";
    }
}

index.jsp

<html>
<body>
<a href="/user/findAll">UserList</a>
</body>
</html>

userList.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>用户列表页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>UserList</h1>
</body>
</html>

测试

成功

3、Spring-SpringMVC整合

在Web.xml里面添加监听器

<!--配置Spring监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

4、Spring-mybbatis整合

配置Mybatis-config
mybatis--config的头部信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

mybatis-config配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--配置数据库环境-->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <environment id="mysql">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                <dataSource type="POOLED">
                    <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?serverTimezone=UTC"/>
                    <property name="username" value="root"/>
                    <property name="password" value="123456"/>
                </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--配置映射文件-->
    <!--使用注解-->
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.xiaohe.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

编写测试类

    @Test
    public void testMybatis() throws IOException {
        //加载配置文件
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<User> user = userDao.findAll();
        for (User user1 : user) {
            System.out.println(user1);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

结果

成功
Spring整合Mybatis
在spring.xml添加

  <!--配置session工厂-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!--扫描dao接口-->
    <bean id="mapperScannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.xiaohe.dao"/>
    </bean>

测试成功

至此为止SSM整合完成
补充事务
在Spring.xml添加

    <!--配置事务管理器-->
    <!--配置事务通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--select方法-->
            <tx:method name="find" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" isolation="DEFAULT"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!--配置AOP相关增强-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* com.xiaohe.service.impl.*ServiceImpl(..))"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>

码农公寓