springboot发送邮件
概述
使用场景
- 注册验证
- 营销推送
- 触发机制
- 监控报警
邮件传输协议
- SMTP协议：全称为 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol，简单邮件传输协议。它定义了邮件客户端软件和SMTP邮件服务器之间，以及两台SMTP邮件服务器之间的通信规则。
- POP3协议：全称为 Post Office Protocol，邮局协议。它定义了邮件客户端软件和POP3邮件服务器的通信规则。
- IMAP协议：全称为 Internet Message Access Protocol,Internet消息访问协议，它是对POP3协议的一种扩展，也是定义了邮件客户端软件和IMAP邮件服务器的通信规则。
springboot发送邮件
准备邮箱
开启服务，新增授权密码
引入依赖
pom.xml依赖spring-boot-starter-mail模块：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
添加配置
spring:
#邮件
mail:
host: smtp.163.com
# 你的163邮箱
username: 163发送邮箱
# 注意这里不是邮箱密码，而是SMTP授权密码
password: smtp授权码
port: 25
protocol: smtp
default-encoding: UTF-8
代码
服务类
@Slf4j
@Service
public class MailService {
@Value("${spring.mail.username}")
private String from;
@Autowired
private JavaMailSender mailSender;
/**
* 设置邮件附件名不被截取,解决附件中文名乱码问题
*/
public MailService() {
System.setProperty("mail.mime.splitlongparameters", "false");
}
/**
* 简单文本邮件
*
* @param to 接收者邮件
* @param subject 邮件主题
* @param contnet 邮件内容
*/
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String contnet) {
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setTo(to);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(contnet);
message.setFrom(from);
mailSender.send(message);
}
/**
* HTML 文本邮件
*
* @param to 接收者邮件
* @param subject 邮件主题
* @param contnet HTML内容
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String contnet) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(contnet, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
mailSender.send(message);
}
/**
* 附件邮件
*
* @param to 接收者邮件
* @param subject 邮件主题
* @param contnet HTML内容
* @param filePath 附件路径
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String contnet,
String filePath) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(contnet, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
String fileName = file.getFilename();
helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
mailSender.send(message);
}
/**
* 图片邮件
*
* @param to 接收者邮件
* @param subject 邮件主题
* @param contnet HTML内容
* @param rscPath 图片路径
* @param rscId 图片ID
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public void sendInlinkResourceMail(String to, String subject, String contnet,
String rscPath, String rscId) {
log.info("发送静态邮件开始: {},{},{},{},{}", to, subject, contnet, rscPath, rscId);
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = null;
try {
helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(contnet, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
helper.addInline(rscId, res);
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("发送静态邮件成功!");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
log.info("发送静态邮件失败: ", e);
}
}
}
测试类
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = HealthApplication.class)
public class MailServiceTest {
@Autowired
private MailService mailService;
private String toMail = "1048579371@qq.com";
@Test
public void sendSimpleMail() {
mailService.sendSimpleMail(toMail,"测试spring boot imail-主题","测试spring boot imail - 内容");
}
@Test
public void sendHtmlMail() throws MessagingException {
String content = "<html>\n" +
"<body>\n" +
"<h3>hello world</h3>\n" +
"<h1>html</h1>\n" +
"<body>\n" +
"</html>\n";
mailService.sendHtmlMail(toMail,"这是一封HTML邮件",content);
}
@Test
public void sendAttachmentsMail() throws MessagingException {
String filePath = "/Users/liufq/Downloads/心电获客排名2020-08-26 16_26_54.xlsx";
String content = "<html>\n" +
"<body>\n" +
"<h3>hello world</h3>\n" +
"<h1>html</h1>\n" +
"<h1>附件传输</h1>\n" +
"<body>\n" +
"</html>\n";
mailService.sendAttachmentsMail(toMail,"这是一封HTML邮件",content, filePath);
}
@Test
public void sendInlinkResourceMail() throws MessagingException {
//TODO 改为本地图片目录
String imgPath = "/ijiangtao/img/blob/dd9899b4cf95cbf074ddc4607007046c022564cb/blog/animal/dog/dog-at-work-with-computer-2.jpg?raw=true";
String rscId = "admxj001";
String content = "<html>" +
"<body>" +
"<h3>hello world</h3>" +
"<h1>html</h1>" +
"<h1>图片邮件</h1>" +
"<img src='cid:"+rscId+"'></img>" +
"<body>" +
"</html>";
mailService.sendInlinkResourceMail(toMail,"这是一封图片邮件",content, imgPath, rscId);
}
}
部署
在生产环境，一般邮件服务会单独部署，并通过HTTP或MQ等方式暴露出来。
问题
附件显示名中文乱码的解决
原因：编码后的文件名长度如果大于60并且splitLongParameters的值为true，encodeParameters的值为true，文件名就会被截取
service的构造中添加设置，或在主启动类中添加设置
public MailService() {
System.setProperty("mail.mime.splitlongparameters", "false");
}
550 User has no permission
发送方邮箱为开启smtp授权
参考资料
https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_26342009/article/details/89425836