Windows下编译Google.Protobuf在Qt(C++)中使用与Unity3d(C#)交互

2023-03-11 23:14:37

1.首先从Github-Protobuf下载代码，本文下载的版本号是3.1.0.

2.仔细查看各个README，有相关的资源下载和编译说明.

3.在一个方便的地方创建一个Install类型的文件夹，放置Cmake生成的工程文件相关内容，使用CMake-gui配置，生成visual studio ide工程.

CMAKE_CONFIGRATION_TYPES是工程配置类型，可以删除不感兴趣的配置.

CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX是导出visual studio ide项目文件的位置

根据自己的需求选择BUILD_SHARED_LIBS或者是MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME(对应编译选项/Mtd和/Mt)，二者选其一

4.Open Project直接编译工程.

将生成的protobuf的库引用项目，报如下错误:

 error LNK2001: 无法解析的外部符号 "class google::protobuf::internal::ExplicitlyConstructed<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > > google::protobuf::internal::fixed_address_empty_string" (?fixed_address_empty_string@internal@protobuf@google@@3V?$ExplicitlyConstructed@V?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@@@std@@@@A)

 error LNK2001: 无法解析的外部符号 "class google::protobuf::internal::ExplicitlyConstructed<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > > google::protobuf::internal::fixed_address_empty_string" (?fixed_address_empty_string@internal@protobuf@google@@3V?$ExplicitlyConstructed@V?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@@@std@@@@A)

 error LNK2001: 无法解析的外部符号 "int google::protobuf::internal::empty_string_once_init_" (?empty_string_once_init_@internal@protobuf@google@@3HA)

需要在工程中添加预处理PROTOBUF_USE_DLLS

Protos:

 syntax = "proto3";

 message CoinMsg

 {

 }

 syntax = "proto3";

 message ExecMsg

 {

     string name = ;

 }

 syntax = "proto3";

 message VerifyMsg

 {

     bool isOk = ;

     string error = ;

 }

 syntax = "proto3";

 import "ExecMsg.proto";

 import "CoinMsg.proto";

 import "VerifyMsg.proto";

 message MsgPolicy

 {

     enum Type

     {

         ExecMsg = ;

         CoinMsg = ;

         VerifyMsg = ;

     }

     Type type = ;

     ExecMsg execMsg = ;

     CoinMsg coinMsg = ;

     VerifyMsg verifyMsg = ;

 }

　　每个Message对应一个proto文件　　

// 一次生成完cpp与csharp代码，注protobuf-version-3.1.0

protoc -I ./*.proto --cpp_out=../cpp --csharp_out=../csharp

使用示例:

 #include "ConfigHelper.h"

 #include <QFile>

 #include <QDebug>

 #include <QDataStream>

 #include <iostream>

 #include <fstream>

 #include <string>

 #include "MsgPolicy.pb.h"

 #include <google/protobuf/message_lite.h>

 #include <google/protobuf/io/coded_stream.h>

 #include <google/protobuf/io/zero_copy_stream_impl_lite.h>

 ConfigHelper* ConfigHelper::instance = new ConfigHelper();

 ConfigHelper::ConfigHelper()

 {

 #pragma region standard c++ io

     {

         // 序列化到文件

         MsgPolicy msgPolicy;

         ExecMsg* execMsg = new ExecMsg();

         execMsg->set_name("exec message name.");

         msgPolicy.set_allocated_execmsg(execMsg);

         msgPolicy.set_type(MsgPolicy::ExecMsg);

         //QFile file("msg.bin");

         //file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly);

         std::fstream out("msg.bin", std::ios::out | std::ios::binary | std::ios::trunc);

         msgPolicy.SerializeToOstream(&out);

         out.close();

         // 从文件反序列化到对象

         MsgPolicy dmsgPolicy;

         std::fstream in("msg.bin", std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);

         if (!dmsgPolicy.ParseFromIstream(&in))

         {

             qDebug() << "deserialize data error.";

             return;

         }

         if (dmsgPolicy.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_CoinMsg);

         else if (dmsgPolicy.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_ExecMsg)

         {

             qDebug() << "policy message type = " << "MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_ExecMsg";

             qDebug() << "execMsg name = " << QString::fromStdString(dmsgPolicy.execmsg().name());

         }

         else if (dmsgPolicy.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg);

         in.close();

     }

 #pragma endregion standard c++ io

 #pragma region protobuf codedstream

     {

         // 序列化

         MsgPolicy msgPolicy5;

         VerifyMsg* verifyMsg = new VerifyMsg();

         verifyMsg->set_isok(false);

         verifyMsg->set_error("the password is invalid.");

         msgPolicy5.set_allocated_verifymsg(verifyMsg);

         msgPolicy5.set_type(MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg);

         int len = msgPolicy5.ByteSize() + ;

         char* buffer = new char[len];

         google::protobuf::io::ArrayOutputStream arrayOut(buffer, len);

         google::protobuf::io::CodedOutputStream codedOut(&arrayOut);

         codedOut.WriteVarint32(msgPolicy5.ByteSize());

         if (!msgPolicy5.SerializeToCodedStream(&codedOut))

         {

             qDebug() << "serialize error.";

         }

         delete buffer;

         // 序列化

         len = msgPolicy5.ByteSize();

         buffer = new char[len];

         if (!msgPolicy5.SerializeToArray(buffer, len)) qDebug() << "serialize error.";

         // 反序列化

         MsgPolicy msgPolicy6;

         msgPolicy6.ParseFromArray(buffer, len);

         if (msgPolicy6.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_CoinMsg);

         else if (msgPolicy6.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_ExecMsg);

         else if (msgPolicy6.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg)

         {

             qDebug() << "policy message type = " << "MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg";

             qDebug() << "isOk = " << msgPolicy6.verifymsg().isok() << "error = " << QString::fromStdString(msgPolicy6.verifymsg().error());

         }

         delete buffer;

     }

 #pragma endregion protobuf codedstream

     google::protobuf::ShutdownProtobufLibrary();

 }

// 输出结果

policy message type =  MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_ExecMsg

execMsg name =  "exec message name."

policy message type =  MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg

isOk =  false error =  "the password is invalid."

下面展示与unity3d 2017.2使用Google.Protobuf的数据通信(Google.Protobuf --Version 3.1.0)

1.Qt中关键代码

 udpHelper = new UDPHelper(this, , );

     QUdpSocket *udp = udpHelper->UdpSocket();

     connect(udp, &QUdpSocket::readyRead, this, [=]() {

         while (udp->hasPendingDatagrams())

         {

             QNetworkDatagram dg = udp->receiveDatagram();

             QByteArray dga = dg.data();

             QString str(dga);

             MsgPolicy msg;

             msg.ParseFromString(str.toStdString());

             if (msg.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_CoinMsg);

             else if (msg.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_ExecMsg);

             else if (msg.type() == MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg)

             {

                 qDebug() << "policy message type = " << "MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg";

                 qDebug() << "isOk = " << msg.verifymsg().isok() << "error = " << QString::fromStdString(msg.verifymsg().error());

             }

         }

     });

 MsgPolicy msg;

         VerifyMsg *verify = new VerifyMsg();

         verify->set_isok(true);

         verify->set_error("from qt c++.");

         msg.set_allocated_verifymsg(verify);

         msg.set_type(MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg);

         // 序列化

         int len = msg.ByteSize();

         char *buffer = new char[len];

         if (!msg.SerializeToArray(buffer, len)) qDebug() << "serialize error.";

         else udpHelper->Write(buffer, len);

2.Unity3d中关键代码

 using System;

 using System.Collections;

 using System.Collections.Generic;

 using System.Net;

 using System.Net.Sockets;

 using System.Text;

 using System.Threading.Tasks;

 using Google.Protobuf;

 using UnityEngine;

 public class UdpHelper: IDisposable

 {

     private UdpClient udp;

     private IPEndPoint remote;

     public Action<byte[]> onData;

     public async Task Setup(int src, int dst)

     {

         remote = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), dst);

         //udp = new UdpClient(src);

         udp = new UdpClient(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), src));

         #region Windows udp 10054 error（ConnectionReset[远程主机强迫关闭一个现有连接]）

         // 问题详情: https://www.cnblogs.com/pasoraku/p/5612105.html

         uint IOC_IN = 0x80000000;

         int IOC_VENDOR = 0x18000000;

 #pragma warning disable CS0675 // 对进行了带符号扩展的操作数使用了按位或运算符

         int SIO_UDP_CONNRESET = (int)(IOC_IN | IOC_VENDOR | );

 #pragma warning restore CS0675 // 对进行了带符号扩展的操作数使用了按位或运算符

         udp.Client.IOControl(SIO_UDP_CONNRESET, new[] { Convert.ToByte(false) }, null);

         #endregion

         await Listener();

     }

     private async Task Listener()

     {

         try

         {

             UdpReceiveResult result = await udp.ReceiveAsync();

             if (onData != null)

                 onData.Invoke(result.Buffer);

             await Listener();

         }

         catch (ObjectDisposedException) { } // Ignore

         catch (Exception e)

         {

             Debug.LogWarning(e.Message);

         }

     }

     public void Send(byte[] data)

     {

         if (udp != null)

         {

             udp.SendAsync(data, data.Length, remote);

         }

     }

     public void Dispose()

     {

         if (udp != null)

         {

             udp.Close();

             udp = null;

         }

     }

 }

 udpHelper = new UdpHelper();

 udpHelper.onData += bytes =>

 {

     MsgPolicy msg = MsgPolicy.Parser.ParseFrom(bytes);

     if (msg.Type == MsgPolicy.Types.Type.CoinMsg) ;

     else if (msg.Type == MsgPolicy.Types.Type.ExecMsg) ;

     else if (msg.Type == MsgPolicy.Types.Type.VerifyMsg)

     {

         Debug.LogWarning("policy message type = " + "MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg");

         Debug.LogWarning("isOk = " + msg.VerifyMsg.IsOk + " error = " + msg.VerifyMsg.Error);

     }

 };

 await udpHelper.Setup(srcUdpPort, dstUdpPort);

 MsgPolicy msg = new MsgPolicy();

 msg.Type = MsgPolicy.Types.Type.VerifyMsg;

 msg.VerifyMsg = new VerifyMsg(){IsOk = true, Error = "from unity3d c#"};

 byte[] data = msg.ToByteArray();

 udpHelper.Send(data);

3.程序输出

// In Qt

policy message type =  MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg

isOk =  true error =  "from unity3d c#"

// In Unity3d

policy message type = MsgPolicy_Type::MsgPolicy_Type_VerifyMsg

isOk = True error = from qt c++.

Google.Protobuf3语言指南

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