class MyInt(int):

    def __init__(self, v):

        pass

    def square(self):

        return self * self

def hello():

    print 'hello'

n = MyInt(2)

print n.__dict__

print MyInt.__dict__

n.hello = hello

n.hello()

print n.__dict__

import types

class Log(object):

    def __init__(self, f):

        self.f = f

    def __get__(self,obj,cls):

        print self.f.__name__, 'called'

        return types.MethodType(self.f, obj, cls)

class C(object):

    @Log

    def f(self):

        pass

c = C()

c.f()

class C1(object):

    a = 'abc'

    def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        print("__getattribute__() is called")

        return object.__getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def __getattr__(self, name):

        print("__getattr__ is called")

        return name + "from getattr"

    def __get__(self, instance, owner):

        print("__get__() is called", instance, owner)

        return self

    def foo(self, x):

        print(x)

class C2(object):

    d = C1()

if __name__ == "__main__":

    c = C1()

    c2 = C2()

    print "====="

    print(c.a)

    print "------"

    print(c.zzzz)

    print "------"

    c2.d

    print "------"

    print(c2.d.a)