JAVA 自定义注解在自动化测试中的使用

在UI自动化测试中,相信很多人都喜欢用所谓的PO模式,其中的P,也就是page的意思,于是乎,在脚本里,或者在其它的page里,会要new很多的page对象,这样很麻烦,前面我们也讲到了注解的使用,很方便,那么我们可不可以用注解来代替这个new的过程呢?只有想不到,没有办不到的,因为springMVC就是用了这个方式来IOC,当然我们也可以直接用springMVC,但这无异于用牛刀来切豆腐,还不如我们自已实现一下,顺便增加一下对注解的使用的认识,代码如下:

1.先定义一个LoadPage的注解:

package com.test.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target; @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface LoadPage {
String value();
}

2.再来实现一下这个注解:

package com.test.annotation;

import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; public class LoadAllPage { public final String basePath = "com.test"; private final String binPath = "bin"; private List<String> allClass = new ArrayList<String>(); private WebDriver driver; public void setDriver(WebDriver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
} public void loadAllPage(){
this.listAllFiles(binPath+File.separator+basePath.replace(".","/"));
this.getPageInstance();
} private void listAllFiles(String path){
path = path.replace("\\", "/");
File file = new File(path);
if(file.isFile() && file.getName().endsWith(".class")){
String filePath = file.getPath().replace("\\", "/");
int startIndex = 4;
int endIndex = filePath.lastIndexOf(".class");
allClass.add(filePath.substring(startIndex, endIndex).replace("/", "."));
}else if(file.isDirectory()){
File[] files = file.listFiles();
for (File f : files) {
this.listAllFiles(f.getPath());
}
}
} private void getPageInstance(){
for (String clazz : allClass) {
try {
Class<?> c = Class.forName(clazz);
if(c.isAnnotationPresent(LoadPage.class)){
LoadPage lp = c.getAnnotation(LoadPage.class);
Constructor<?> cons = c.getConstructor(WebDriver.class);
InitialManger.allInstance.put(lp.value(), cons.newInstance(driver));
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} public static void main(String[] args) {
LoadAllPage lap = new LoadAllPage();
lap.loadAllPage();
}
}

3.再定义一个Page注解:

package com.test.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target; @Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Page {
public String name() default "";
}

4.同样的,需要实现下Page注解

package com.test.annotation;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.Iterator; public class AutoPage { public void setPageAnnotation(){
Iterator<String> it = InitialManger.allInstance.keySet().iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
String key = it.next();
try {
Class<?> c = InitialManger.allInstance.get(key).getClass();
Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
field.setAccessible(true);
if(field.isAnnotationPresent(Page.class)){
field.set(InitialManger.allInstance.get(key), InitialManger.allInstance.get(field.getAnnotation(Page.class).name()));
}
}
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} public void setTestAnnotation(Object o) {
try {
Class<?> c = o.getClass();
Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
field.setAccessible(true);
if(field.isAnnotationPresent(Page.class)){
field.set(o, InitialManger.allInstance.get(field.getAnnotation(Page.class).name()));
}
}
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} }

5.增加一个所有page实例化后的对象管理类:

package com.test.annotation;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map; public class InitialManger { public static Map<String, Object> allInstance = new HashMap<String, Object>(); }

6.再来初始化一下实现注解类:

package com.test.annotation;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

public class InitialAnnotation {

	private WebDriver driver;

	public InitialAnnotation(WebDriver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
} public void initialAnnotation(){
LoadAllPage lap = new LoadAllPage();
lap.setDriver(driver);
lap.loadAllPage();
AutoPage ap = new AutoPage();
ap.setPageAnnotation();
} }

7.接下来就是使用了:在一个Page中加上这个@LoadPage注解:

package com.test.page;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import com.test.annotation.LoadPage;
import com.test.base.Page; @LoadPage("firstPage")
public class FirstPage extends Page{ public FirstPage(WebDriver driver) {
super(driver);
} public void linkToMobileList(){
driver.navigate().to("http://www.baidu.com");
} }

8.为了使@Page注解在case中能用到,所以得在TestBase的@BeforeClass中添加如下代码:

if(InitialManger.allInstance.isEmpty()){
InitialAnnotation init = new InitialAnnotation(driver);
init.initialAnnotation();
}
AutoPage ap = new AutoPage();
ap.setTestAnnotation(this);

9.在CASE中这样用即可:

package com.test.testcases;

import java.util.Map;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import com.test.annotation.Page;
import com.test.base.TestBase;
import com.test.page.FirstPage; public class Test2 extends TestBase{ @Page(name="firstPage")
private FirstPage firstPage; @Test(dataProvider="providerMethod")
public void testLogin(Map<String, String> param){
firstPage.linkToMobileList();
} }

整个过程就是这样的,可能有人会说这样也不方便,等等等等,总是有人能接受,有人不能接受的,如果能接受,可以找我共同讨论一下。QQ:408129370

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