osql/sqlcmd 工具是一个 SqlServer的命令提示符工具，我们可以使用它运行 Transact-SQL 语句和脚本文件。该工具所在目录：C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn
交互式输入 Transact-SQL 语句，如下
C:\Users\Administrator>osql -E
1> set nocount on;
2> go
1> select getdate();
2> go -----------------------
2015-06-20 18:02:18.053 1> exit C:\Users\Administrator>
osql的作用不仅仅局限于此，其他参数如下
强大之处在于：该工具可以结合存储过程，检查并输出锁、闩等资源的阻塞情况。
- 创建存储过程：sp_blocker_pss80
- 创建SQL脚本：定时执行sp_blocker_pss80存储过程
- 在osql命令中调用该SQL脚本，并将结果输出到文件
以下分别是sp_blocker_pss80、SQL脚本、osql命令示例及对应的输出结果
use master
GO
if exists (select * from sysobjects where id = object_id('dbo.sp_blocker_pss80') and sysstat & 0xf = 4)
drop procedure dbo.sp_blocker_pss80
GO
create procedure dbo.sp_blocker_pss80 (@latch int = 0, @fast int = 1, @appname sysname='PSSDIAG')
as
--version 16SP3
if is_member('sysadmin')=0
begin
print 'Must be a member of the sysadmin group in order to run this procedure'
return
end set nocount on
SET LANGUAGE 'us_english'
declare @spid varchar(6)
declare @blocked varchar(6)
declare @time datetime
declare @time2 datetime
declare @dbname nvarchar(128)
declare @status sql_variant
declare @useraccess sql_variant set @time = getdate()
declare @probclients table(spid smallint, ecid smallint, blocked smallint, waittype binary(2), dbid smallint,
ignore_app tinyint, primary key (blocked, spid, ecid))
insert @probclients select spid, ecid, blocked, waittype, dbid,
case when convert(varchar(128),hostname) = @appname then 1 else 0 end
from sysprocesses where blocked!=0 or waittype != 0x0000 if exists (select spid from @probclients where ignore_app != 1 or waittype != 0x020B)
begin
set @time2 = getdate()
print ''
print '8.2 Start time: ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121) + ' ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time,@time2)) insert @probclients select distinct blocked, 0, 0, 0x0000, 0, 0 from @probclients
where blocked not in (select spid from @probclients) and blocked != 0 if (@fast = 1)
begin
print ''
print 'SYSPROCESSES ' + ISNULL (@@servername,'(null)') + ' ' + str(@@microsoftversion) select spid, status, blocked, open_tran, waitresource, waittype,
waittime, cmd, lastwaittype, cpu, physical_io,
memusage, last_batch=convert(varchar(26), last_batch,121),
login_time=convert(varchar(26), login_time,121),net_address,
net_library, dbid, ecid, kpid, hostname, hostprocess,
loginame, program_name, nt_domain, nt_username, uid, sid,
sql_handle, stmt_start, stmt_end
from master..sysprocesses
where blocked!=0 or waittype != 0x0000
or spid in (select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
or spid in (select spid from @probclients where blocked != 0) print 'ESP ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate())) print ''
print 'SYSPROC FIRST PASS'
select spid, ecid, waittype from @probclients where waittype != 0x0000 if exists(select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
begin
print 'Blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
print ''
print 'SPIDs at the head of blocking chains'
select spid from @probclients
where blocked = 0 and spid in (select blocked from @probclients where spid != 0)
if @latch = 0
begin
print 'SYSLOCKINFO'
select @time2 = getdate() select spid = convert (smallint, req_spid),
ecid = convert (smallint, req_ecid),
rsc_dbid As dbid,
rsc_objid As ObjId,
rsc_indid As IndId,
Type = case rsc_type when 1 then 'NUL'
when 2 then 'DB'
when 3 then 'FIL'
when 4 then 'IDX'
when 5 then 'TAB'
when 6 then 'PAG'
when 7 then 'KEY'
when 8 then 'EXT'
when 9 then 'RID'
when 10 then 'APP' end,
Resource = substring (rsc_text, 1, 16),
Mode = case req_mode + 1 when 1 then NULL
when 2 then 'Sch-S'
when 3 then 'Sch-M'
when 4 then 'S'
when 5 then 'U'
when 6 then 'X'
when 7 then 'IS'
when 8 then 'IU'
when 9 then 'IX'
when 10 then 'SIU'
when 11 then 'SIX'
when 12 then 'UIX'
when 13 then 'BU'
when 14 then 'RangeS-S'
when 15 then 'RangeS-U'
when 16 then 'RangeIn-Null'
when 17 then 'RangeIn-S'
when 18 then 'RangeIn-U'
when 19 then 'RangeIn-X'
when 20 then 'RangeX-S'
when 21 then 'RangeX-U'
when 22 then 'RangeX-X'end,
Status = case req_status when 1 then 'GRANT'
when 2 then 'CNVT'
when 3 then 'WAIT' end,
req_transactionID As TransID, req_transactionUOW As TransUOW
from master.dbo.syslockinfo s,
@probclients p
where p.spid = s.req_spid print 'ESL ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))
end -- latch not set
end
else
print 'No blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
print ''
end -- fast set else
begin -- Fast not set
print ''
print 'SYSPROCESSES ' + ISNULL (@@servername,'(null)') + ' ' + str(@@microsoftversion) select spid, status, blocked, open_tran, waitresource, waittype,
waittime, cmd, lastwaittype, cpu, physical_io,
memusage, last_batch=convert(varchar(26), last_batch,121),
login_time=convert(varchar(26), login_time,121),net_address,
net_library, dbid, ecid, kpid, hostname, hostprocess,
loginame, program_name, nt_domain, nt_username, uid, sid,
sql_handle, stmt_start, stmt_end
from master..sysprocesses print 'ESP ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate())) print ''
print 'SYSPROC FIRST PASS'
select spid, ecid, waittype from @probclients where waittype != 0x0000 if exists(select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
begin
print 'Blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
print ''
print 'SPIDs at the head of blocking chains'
select spid from @probclients
where blocked = 0 and spid in (select blocked from @probclients where spid != 0)
if @latch = 0
begin
print 'SYSLOCKINFO'
select @time2 = getdate() select spid = convert (smallint, req_spid),
ecid = convert (smallint, req_ecid),
rsc_dbid As dbid,
rsc_objid As ObjId,
rsc_indid As IndId,
Type = case rsc_type when 1 then 'NUL'
when 2 then 'DB'
when 3 then 'FIL'
when 4 then 'IDX'
when 5 then 'TAB'
when 6 then 'PAG'
when 7 then 'KEY'
when 8 then 'EXT'
when 9 then 'RID'
when 10 then 'APP' end,
Resource = substring (rsc_text, 1, 16),
Mode = case req_mode + 1 when 1 then NULL
when 2 then 'Sch-S'
when 3 then 'Sch-M'
when 4 then 'S'
when 5 then 'U'
when 6 then 'X'
when 7 then 'IS'
when 8 then 'IU'
when 9 then 'IX'
when 10 then 'SIU'
when 11 then 'SIX'
when 12 then 'UIX'
when 13 then 'BU'
when 14 then 'RangeS-S'
when 15 then 'RangeS-U'
when 16 then 'RangeIn-Null'
when 17 then 'RangeIn-S'
when 18 then 'RangeIn-U'
when 19 then 'RangeIn-X'
when 20 then 'RangeX-S'
when 21 then 'RangeX-U'
when 22 then 'RangeX-X'end,
Status = case req_status when 1 then 'GRANT'
when 2 then 'CNVT'
when 3 then 'WAIT' end,
req_transactionID As TransID, req_transactionUOW As TransUOW
from master.dbo.syslockinfo print 'ESL ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))
end -- latch not set
end
else
print 'No blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
print ''
end -- Fast not set print 'DBCC SQLPERF(WAITSTATS)'
dbcc sqlperf(waitstats) Print ''
Print '*********************************************************************'
Print 'Print out DBCC Input buffer for all blocked or blocking spids.'
Print '*********************************************************************' declare ibuffer cursor fast_forward for
select distinct cast (spid as varchar(6)) as spid
from @probclients
where (spid <> @@spid) and
((blocked!=0 or (waittype != 0x0000 and ignore_app = 0))
or spid in (select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0))
open ibuffer
fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
while (@@fetch_status != -1)
begin
print ''
print 'DBCC INPUTBUFFER FOR SPID ' + @spid
exec ('dbcc inputbuffer (' + @spid + ')') fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
end
deallocate ibuffer Print ''
Print '*******************************************************************************'
Print 'Print out DBCC OPENTRAN for active databases for all blocked or blocking spids.'
Print '*******************************************************************************'
declare ibuffer cursor fast_forward for
select distinct cast (dbid as varchar(6)) from @probclients
where dbid != 0
open ibuffer
fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
while (@@fetch_status != -1)
begin
print ''
set @dbname = db_name(@spid)
set @status = DATABASEPROPERTYEX(@dbname,'Status')
set @useraccess = DATABASEPROPERTYEX(@dbname,'UserAccess')
print 'DBCC OPENTRAN FOR DBID ' + @spid + ' ['+ @dbname + ']'
if @Status = N'ONLINE' and @UserAccess != N'SINGLE_USER'
dbcc opentran(@dbname)
else
print 'Skipped: Status=' + convert(nvarchar(128),@status)
+ ' UserAccess=' + convert(nvarchar(128),@useraccess) print ''
if @spid = '2' select @blocked = 'Y'
fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
end
deallocate ibuffer
if @blocked != 'Y'
begin
print ''
print 'DBCC OPENTRAN FOR DBID 2 [tempdb]'
dbcc opentran ('tempdb')
end print 'End time: ' + convert(varchar(26), getdate(), 121)
end -- All
else
print '8 No Waittypes: ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121) + ' '
+ convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time,getdate())) + ' ' + ISNULL (@@servername,'(null)')
GO
创建一个SQL脚本文件：checkblk.sql
WHILE 1=1
BEGIN
EXEC master.dbo.sp_blocker_pss80
-- Or for fast mode
-- EXEC master.dbo.sp_blocker_pss80 @fast=1
-- Or for latch mode
-- EXEC master.dbo.sp_blocker_pss80 @latch=1
WAITFOR DELAY '00:00:15'
END
GO
osql命令示例如下：
C:\>osql -E -S server -i checkblk.sql -o checkresult.txt -w 2000
server：表示服务器的机器名
checkblk.sql：表示输入的脚本文件
checkresult.txt：表示输出的结果文件
参数详情请使用命令 osql /? 查看
执行结果如下：