实验目的:
如图所示,该拓扑配置了vrrp主备备份,SW1为master,SW2为backup,当SW1或SW1到SW2间链路出现故障时,VRRP报文协商需要一定的协商周期。为了实现链路故障时快速切换,在链路中部署了BFD链路检测机制,实现当主用接口或者链路出现Down时,备用设备迅速切换为Master,承担网络流量,以减少故障对业务传输的影响。
一、交换机配置各接口ip地址,以及二层转发
SW1:
sys
sysname SW1
vlan batch 100 400
inter vlan 100
ip add 10.1.1.1 24
quit
inter vlan 400
ip add 172.16.1.2 24
inter g0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow vlan 400
quit
inter g0/0/2
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow vlan 100
quit
SW2:
sys
sysname SW2
vlan batch 200 100
inter vlan 200
ip add 172.16.2.2 24
quit
inter vlan 100
ip add 10.1.1.2 24
inter g0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow vlan 200
quit
inter g0/0/2
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow vlan 100
quit
SW3:
sys
sysname SW3
vlan 100
quit
inter g0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow vlan 100
quit
inter g0/0/2
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow vlan 100
quit
inter g0/0/24
port link-type access
port default vlan 100
quit
二、路由器接口ip配置以及VLAN封装
R1:
sys
sysname R1
interface g0/0/0.400
ip address 172.16.1.1 24
dot1q termination vid 400 // 封装该子接口相连的VLAN,实现路由器与VLAN通信
arp broadcast enable // 开启arp广播
quit
interface g0/0/0.200
ip address 172.16.2.1 24
dot1q termination vid 200
arp broadcast enable
quit
三、配置ospf协议,实现网络通信
SW1:
ospf 1
area 0
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 // 发布直连网络段
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
quit
quit
SW2:
ospf 1
area 0
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
quit
quit
R1:
ospf 1
area 0
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
return
四、配置VRRP主备备份
SW1:
inter VLAN 100
vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 20
quit
SW2:
inter VLAN 100
vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
quit
五、配置bfd会话
SW1:
bfd
quit
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 10.1.1.2 interface vlan 100 //配置静态BFD会话,监测备份组之间的链路
discriminator local 1 //配置bfd会话的本地标识,SW1本地标识符需与SW2远端标识符一致
discriminator remote 2 //配置bfd会话的远端标识,SW1远端标识需与SW2本地标识符一致
min-rx-interval 100 // 配置bfd报文的接收间隔时间
min-tx-interval 100 //配置bfd报文的发送间隔时间
commit //提交bfd配置
quit
SW2:
bfd
quit
bfd 2 bind peer-ip 10.1.1.1 interface vlan 100
discriminator local 2
discriminator remote 1
min-rx-interval 100
min-tx-interval 100
commit
quit
六、配置VRRP与BFD联动功能
在SW2上配置VRRP与BFD联动,当BFD会话状态Down时,SW2的优先级增加40
SW2:
inter vlan 100
vrrp vrid 1 track bfd-session 2 increased 40
quit
七、查看当前vrrp、bfd会话状态
SW1:
SW2:
八、在SW1的接口GE0/0/2上执行shutdown命令,模拟链路故障,查看vrrp与bfd会话状态
SW1:
interface g0/0/2
shutdown
quit
SW1故障时的VRRP状态:
备用设备SW2由backup切换为master:
联动的BFD会话状态为DOWN:
九、模拟链路恢复
在SW1接口GE0/0/2上执行undo shutdown命令,模拟故障恢复,等待20秒后,查看vrrp状态时,可以看到,SW1状态恢复为master,SW2状态恢复为backup,联动的bfd会话状态恢复为up。至此,实验效果测试结束。
关于VRRP的配置可参考 华为VRRP的综合配置