1 结论

1）@Autowired 注入流程

• 根据注入字段类型注入bean，若仅有一个bean则返回；
• 若有多个该类型的bean，则注入规则如下：

   1. 根据@Primary注解确定
   2. 根据@Priority确定
   3. 根据字段名称确定

2）@Resource 注入流程

• 不指定name的情况下，注入流程同@Autowired；
• 指定了beanName的情况下，则直接根据beanName注入依赖。

2 源码分析

2.1 @Autowired

核心代码（org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory#doResolveDependency）：

   　　　　　 // 注入的依赖字段类型
            Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType();
            Object value = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getSuggestedValue(descriptor);
            if (value != null) {
                if (value instanceof String) {
                    String strVal = resolveEmbeddedValue((String) value);
                    BeanDefinition bd = (beanName != null && containsBean(beanName) ?
                            getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName) : null);
                    value = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(strVal, bd);
                }
                TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
                try {
                    return converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getTypeDescriptor());
                }
                catch (UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
                    // A custom TypeConverter which does not support TypeDescriptor resolution...
                    return (descriptor.getField() != null ?
                            converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getField()) :
                            converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getMethodParameter()));
                }
            }

            Object multipleBeans = resolveMultipleBeans(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
            if (multipleBeans != null) {
                return multipleBeans;
            }

            // 找到依赖类型的所有bean
            Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
            if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
                if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
                    raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
                }
                return null;
            }

            String autowiredBeanName;
            Object instanceCandidate;

            // 如果相同类型的依赖bean有多个
            if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
                /*
                    1. 根据@Primary注解确定
                    2. 根据@Priority确定
                    3. 根据字段名称确定
                 */
                autowiredBeanName = determineAutowireCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
                if (autowiredBeanName == null) {
                    if (isRequired(descriptor) || !indicatesMultipleBeans(type)) {
                        return descriptor.resolveNotUnique(descriptor.getResolvableType(), matchingBeans);
                    }
                    else {
                        // In case of an optional Collection/Map, silently ignore a non-unique case:
                        // possibly it was meant to be an empty collection of multiple regular beans
                        // (before 4.3 in particular when we didn't even look for collection beans).
                        return null;
                    }
                }
                instanceCandidate = matchingBeans.get(autowiredBeanName);
            }

2.2 @Resource

@Resource注解相较@Autowired可以指定beanName，若未设置javax.annotation.Resource#name，则默认注入依赖bean的流程与@Autowired一致。

核心代码（org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#autowireResource）:

String name = element.name;

        if (factory instanceof AutowireCapableBeanFactory) {
            AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory = (AutowireCapableBeanFactory) factory;
            DependencyDescriptor descriptor = element.getDependencyDescriptor();
            if (this.fallbackToDefaultTypeMatch && element.isDefaultName && !factory.containsBean(name)) {
                autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>();
                resource = beanFactory.resolveDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName, autowiredBeanNames, null);
                if (resource == null) {
                    throw new NoSuchBeanDefinitionException(element.getLookupType(), "No resolvable resource object");
                }
            }
            // 指定了bean名称
            else {
                // 根据依赖的名字获取依赖bean对象
                resource = beanFactory.resolveBeanByName(name, descriptor);
                autowiredBeanNames = Collections.singleton(name);
            }
        }
        else {
            resource = factory.getBean(name, element.lookupType);
            autowiredBeanNames = Collections.singleton(name);
        }

        if (factory instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
            ConfigurableBeanFactory beanFactory = (ConfigurableBeanFactory) factory;
            for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
                // 设置bean与其注入bean之间的依赖关系
                if (requestingBeanName != null && beanFactory.containsBean(autowiredBeanName)) {
                    beanFactory.registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, requestingBeanName);
                }
            }
        }

        return resource;