1 腾讯云短信二次封装

tx_sms
    __init__.py
    settings.py
    sms.py

1.1 init.py

from .sms import get_code, send_sms

1.2 settings.py

# 短信应用 SDK AppID
APPPID =   # SDK AppID 以1400开头
# 短信应用 SDK AppKey
APPKEY = ""

# 短信模板ID，需要在短信控制台中申请
TEMPLATE_ID =   # NOTE: 这里的模板 ID`7839` 只是示例，真实的模板 ID 需要在短信控制台中申请
# 签名
SMS_SIGN = ""

1.3 sms.py

import random
from qcloudsms_py import SmsSingleSender
from qcloudsms_py.httpclient import HTTPError
from .settings import *
from utils.logging import get_logger

logger = get_logger()

# 获取验证码的函数（4位数字）
def get_code():
    code_str = ''
    for i in range(4):
        number = str(random.randint(0, 9))
        code_str += number
    return code_str


# 发送短信的函数
def send_sms(phone, code):
    ssender = SmsSingleSender(APPPID, APPKEY)
    params = [code, '1']  # 当模板没有参数时，`params = []`
    try:
        result = ssender.send_with_param(86, phone, TEMPLATE_ID, params, sign=SMS_SIGN, extend="", ext="")
    except Exception as e:
        # 记录日志
        logger.error('%s手机号，发送短信失败，错误信息是%s' % (phone,str(e)))
    if result['result'] == 0:
        return True
    else:
        logger.warning('%s手机号，发送短信失败,失败原因是%s' % (phone, result['errmsg']))
        return False

2 短信发送接口

# 前端给我手机号，get请求

2.1 视图

# action装饰器的拓展使用--给同一个视图view下，不同的接口，添加不同的类设置
	可用action装饰器 参数：throttle_classes=[SMSThrottle]

class MobileView(ViewSet):
    @action(methods=['GET'],detail=False,url_path='sms',throttle_classes=[SMSThrottle])
    def send_sms(self, request):
        mobile = request.query_params.get('mobile')
        if mobile and re.match('^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$', mobile):
            # 发送短信
            # 获取验证码，记录验证码（放到缓存中，默认还是缓存到内存）
            code = tx_sms.get_code()
            cache.set(settings.CACHE_SMS % mobile, code)

            # 调用发送短信函数
            res = tx_sms.send_sms(mobile, code)
            if res:
                return APIResponse(msg='短信发送成功')
            else:
                raise APIException('短信发送失败')
        else:
            raise APIException('手机号不合法')

2.2 路由

# view 采用的自动生成路由

# 这是自己写路由的形式
path('sms/', views.LoginView.as_view({'get':'send_sms'})), 

2.3 配合一个频率类

# 限制一个手机号，一分钟只能发一次验证码

# 频率类全局配置
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
        'sms': '1/m',
    },
}

from rest_framework.throttling import SimpleRateThrottle
class SMSThrottle(SimpleRateThrottle):
    scope = 'sms'

    def get_cache_key(self, request, view):
        mobile = request.query_params.get('mobile')
        return mobile

3 短信登录接口

# post, 手机号，验证码

3.1 视图

class LoginView(ViewSet):
    def mobile_login(self, request):
        # 逻辑写在序列化类中
        ser = serializer.MobileLoginSerializer(data=request.data)

        ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)  # 执行序列化类字段自己的校验规则，局部钩子，全局钩子

        token = ser.context.get('token')
        username = ser.context.get('username')
        return APIResponse(msg='登录成功', username=username, token=token)

3.2 序列化类

class MobileLoginSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 重写它的原因，unique=True
    mobile = serializers.CharField()
    #code 由于不是表的字段，所有必须重写
    code=serializers.CharField()
    class Meta:
        model = models.User
        fields = ['code', 'mobile']

    # 用户校验和签发token
    def validate(self, attrs):
        '''
        1 校验code是否正确：从缓存中根据手机号获取code，比较
        2 根据手机号，拿到当前用户，
        3 根据用户，签发token
        4 把token放到序列化类的对象中
        '''

        user = self._get_user(attrs)
        token = self._get_token(user)
        # 上下文，是个字典
        self.context['token'] = token
        self.context['username'] = user.username

        return attrs

    def _get_user(self, attrs):  # 不是私有，但尽量只给内部用
        code = attrs.get('code')
        mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
        # 校验code
        cache_code = cache.get(settings.CACHE_SMS % mobile)
        # code == "111111" 是防止验证码发送频繁，留的后门
        if cache_code and code == cache_code or code == "111111":
            user = models.User.objects.filter(mobile=mobile).first()
            if not user:
                raise ValidationError({'detail': '手机号不存在'})
            return user
        else:
            raise ValidationError({'detail': '验证码错误'})

    def _get_token(self, user):
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        return token

3.3 路由

path('mobile_login/', views.LoginView.as_view({'post':'mobile_login'})),

4 短信注册接口

# 手机号  验证码   密码

4.1 视图类

class RegisterView(GenericViewSet, CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializer.RegisterUserSerializer
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        super().create(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return APIResponse(msg='注册成功')

4.2 序列化类

class RegisterUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # code 不是User表的字段，必须重写
    code = serializers.CharField(max_length=4, min_length=4,write_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = models.User
        fields = ['mobile', 'code', 'password']
        extra_kwargs = {'mobile': {'write_only': True},
                        'password': {'write_only': True}
                        }

    # 如果想让密码比较复杂，可以给密码写一个局部钩子，使用正则去匹配
    # 校验字段
    def validate(self, attrs):
        '''
        1 校验code是否正确
        2 把code从attrs中剔除
        3 使用手机号作为用户名，后期可以改
        '''
        code = attrs.get('code')
        mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
        # 校验code
        cache_code = cache.get(settings.CACHE_SMS % mobile)
        # code == "111111" 是防止验证码发送频繁，留的后门
        if cache_code and code == cache_code or code == "111111":
            # 把code剔除，code不是User表的字段，不能用来保存
            attrs.pop('code')
            # 创造一个username
            attrs['username'] = mobile
        else:
            raise ValidationError({'detail': '验证码错误'})
        return attrs

    # 为什么要重写create? 因为密码是明文的，需要使用create_user创建用户
    def create(self, validated_data):
        user = models.User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
        return user

5 前端登录注册

# 多方式登录接口
# 校验手机号是否存在接口
# 发送验证码接口（腾讯短信平台）
# 验证码登录接口
# 验证码注册接口

5.1 Login.vue

<template>
    <div class="header">
        <div class="slogan">
            <p>老男孩IT教育 | 帮助有志向的年轻人通过努力学习获得体面的工作和生活</p>
        </div>
        <div class="nav">
            <ul class="left-part">
                <li class="logo">
                    <router-link to="/">
                        <img src="../assets/img/head-logo.svg" alt="">
                    </router-link>
                </li>
                <li class="ele">
                    <span @click="goPage('/free-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/free-course'}">免费课</span>
                </li>
                <li class="ele">
                    <span @click="goPage('/actual-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/actual-course'}">实战课</span>
                </li>
                <li class="ele">
                    <span @click="goPage('/light-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/light-course'}">轻课</span>
                </li>
            </ul>

            <div class="right-part">
                <div v-if="!token">
                    <span @click="put_login">登录</span>
                    <span class="line">|</span>
                    <span @click="put_register">注册</span>
                </div>
                <div v-else>
                    <span>{{username}}</span>
                    <span class="line">|</span>
                    <span @click="logout">注销</span>
                </div>
            </div>
            <Login v-if="is_login" @close="close_login" @go="put_register"></Login>
            <Register v-if="is_register" @close="close_register" @go="put_login"></Register>


        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    import Login from "./Login";
    import Register from "./Register";

    export default {
        name: "Header",
        data() {
            return {
                url_path: sessionStorage.url_path || '/',
                is_login: false,
                is_register: false,
                token:'',
                username:''
            }
        },
        methods: {
            goPage(url_path) {
                // 已经是当前路由就没有必要重新跳转
                if (this.url_path !== url_path) {
                    this.$router.push(url_path);
                }
                sessionStorage.url_path = url_path;
            },
            put_login() {
                this.is_login = true;
                this.is_register = false;
            },
            put_register() {
                this.is_login = false;
                this.is_register = true;
            },
            close_login() {
                this.is_login = false;
                this.token=this.$cookies.get('token')
                this.username=this.$cookies.get('username')
            },
            close_register() {
                this.is_register = false;
            },
            logout(){
                this.$cookies.remove('token')
                this.$cookies.remove('username')
                this.token=''
                this.username=''
            }
        },
        created() {
            // 前端存数据的地方：cookie中：过期时间，借助第三方， sessionStorage：临时存储，页面关闭就没了  localStorage：永久存储，除非客户清理
            //  sessionStorage.name = 'lqz';
            //  localStorage.age='19'
            sessionStorage.url_path = this.$route.path;
            this.url_path = this.$route.path;
            // 取token和username
            this.token=this.$cookies.get('token')
            this.username=this.$cookies.get('username')
        },
        components: {
            Login,
            Register
        }
    }
</script>

<style scoped>
    .header {
        background-color: white;
        box-shadow: 0 0 5px 0 #aaa;
    }

    .header:after {
        content: "";
        display: block;
        clear: both;
    }

    .slogan {
        background-color: #eee;
        height: 40px;
    }

    .slogan p {
        width: 1200px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        color: #aaa;
        font-size: 13px;
        line-height: 40px;
    }

    .nav {
        background-color: white;
        user-select: none;
        width: 1200px;
        margin: 0 auto;

    }

    .nav ul {
        padding: 15px 0;
        float: left;
    }

    .nav ul:after {
        clear: both;
        content: '';
        display: block;
    }

    .nav ul li {
        float: left;
    }

    .logo {
        margin-right: 20px;
    }

    .ele {
        margin: 0 20px;
    }

    .ele span {
        display: block;
        font: 15px/36px '微软雅黑';
        border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    .ele span:hover {
        border-bottom-color: orange;
    }

    .ele span.active {
        color: orange;
        border-bottom-color: orange;
    }

    .right-part {
        float: right;
    }

    .right-part .line {
        margin: 0 10px;
    }

    .right-part span {
        line-height: 68px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
</style>

5.2 Register.vue

<template>
    <div class="register">
        <div class="box">
            <i class="el-icon-close" @click="close_register"></i>
            <div class="content">
                <div class="nav">
                    <span class="active">新用户注册</span>
                </div>
                <el-form>
                    <el-input
                            placeholder="手机号"
                            prefix-icon="el-icon-phone-outline"
                            v-model="mobile"
                            clearable
                            @blur="check_mobile">
                    </el-input>
                    <el-input
                            placeholder="密码"
                            prefix-icon="el-icon-key"
                            v-model="password"
                            clearable
                            show-password>
                    </el-input>
                    <el-input
                            placeholder="验证码"
                            prefix-icon="el-icon-chat-line-round"
                            v-model="sms"
                            clearable>
                        <template slot="append">
                            <span class="sms" @click="send_sms">{{ sms_interval }}</span>
                        </template>
                    </el-input>
                    <el-button type="primary" @click="register">注册</el-button>
                </el-form>
                <div class="foot">
                    <span @click="go_login">立即登录</span>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name: "Register",
        data() {
            return {
                mobile: '',
                password: '',
                sms: '',
                sms_interval: '获取验证码',
                is_send: false,
            }
        },
        methods: {
            close_register() {
                this.$emit('close', false)
            },
            go_login() {
                this.$emit('go')
            },

            // 用到在看
            check_mobile() {
                if (!this.mobile) return;
                if (!this.mobile.match(/^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$/)) {
                    this.$message({
                        message: '手机号有误',
                        type: 'warning',
                        duration: 1000,
                        onClose: () => {
                            this.mobile = '';
                        }
                    });
                    return false;
                }
                // 手机号合法的情况，向后端发送请求，检查手机号是否注册过
                this.$http.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/mobile/?mobile=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
                    if (res.data.code == 100) {
                        // 表示用户已经注册了，不需要注册了
                        this.$message({
                            message: '该手机号已经注册过，请直接登录！！',
                            type: 'warning',
                            duration: 3000,
                            onClose: () => {
                                this.mobile = '' // 手机号没有注册过，不能发验证码
                                this.is_send = false;
                            }

                        });

                    } else {
                        this.is_send = true;  // 通过is_send来标志，能否发送验证码

                    }
                })

            },
            send_sms() {
                if (!this.is_send) return;
                this.is_send = false;
                let sms_interval_time = 60;
                this.sms_interval = "发送中...";
                let timer = setInterval(() => {
                    if (sms_interval_time <= 1) {
                        clearInterval(timer);
                        this.sms_interval = "获取验证码";
                        this.is_send = true; // 重新回复点击发送功能的条件
                    } else {
                        sms_interval_time -= 1;
                        this.sms_interval = `${sms_interval_time}秒后再发`;
                    }
                }, 1000);
                // 真正的发送验证码
                this.$http.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/sms/?mobile=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
                    this.$message({
                        message: res.data.msg,
                        type: 'info',
                        duration: 3000,
                    })
                })
            },
            register() {
                if (this.mobile && this.sms && this.password) {
                    this.$http.post(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/register/',
                        {
                            mobile: this.mobile,
                            code: this.sms,
                            password: this.password
                        }).then(res => {
                            console.log(res.data)
                        if (res.data.code == 100) {
                            // 直接跳到取登录
                            this.$emit('go')
                        } else {
                            this.$message({
                                message: res.data.msg,
                                type: 'warning',
                                duration: 3000,
                            });

                        }
                    })
                }

            }
        }
    }
</script>

<style scoped>
    .register {
        width: 100vw;
        height: 100vh;
        position: fixed;
        top: 0;
        left: 0;
        z-index: 10;
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    }

    .box {
        width: 400px;
        height: 480px;
        background-color: white;
        border-radius: 10px;
        position: relative;
        top: calc(50vh - 240px);
        left: calc(50vw - 200px);
    }

    .el-icon-close {
        position: absolute;
        font-weight: bold;
        font-size: 20px;
        top: 10px;
        right: 10px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    .el-icon-close:hover {
        color: darkred;
    }

    .content {
        position: absolute;
        top: 40px;
        width: 280px;
        left: 60px;
    }

    .nav {
        font-size: 20px;
        height: 38px;
        border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
    }

    .nav > span {
        margin-left: 90px;
        color: darkgrey;
        user-select: none;
        cursor: pointer;
        padding-bottom: 10px;
        border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
    }

    .nav > span.active {
        color: black;
        border-bottom: 3px solid black;
        padding-bottom: 9px;
    }

    .el-input, .el-button {
        margin-top: 40px;
    }

    .el-button {
        width: 100%;
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .foot > span {
        float: right;
        margin-top: 20px;
        color: orange;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    .sms {
        color: orange;
        cursor: pointer;
        display: inline-block;
        width: 70px;
        text-align: center;
        user-select: none;
    }
</style>

5.3 Header.vue

<template>
    <div class="header">
        <div class="slogan">
            <p>老男孩IT教育 | 帮助有志向的年轻人通过努力学习获得体面的工作和生活</p>
        </div>
        <div class="nav">
            <ul class="left-part">
                <li class="logo">
                    <router-link to="/">
                        <img src="../assets/img/head-logo.svg" alt="">
                    </router-link>
                </li>
                <li class="ele">
                    <span @click="goPage('/free-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/free-course'}">免费课</span>
                </li>
                <li class="ele">
                    <span @click="goPage('/actual-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/actual-course'}">实战课</span>
                </li>
                <li class="ele">
                    <span @click="goPage('/light-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/light-course'}">轻课</span>
                </li>
            </ul>

            <div class="right-part">
                <div v-if="!token">
                    <span @click="put_login">登录</span>
                    <span class="line">|</span>
                    <span @click="put_register">注册</span>
                </div>
                <div v-else>
                    <span>{{username}}</span>
                    <span class="line">|</span>
                    <span @click="logout">注销</span>
                </div>
            </div>
            <Login v-if="is_login" @close="close_login" @go="put_register"></Login>
            <Register v-if="is_register" @close="close_register" @go="put_login"></Register>


        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    import Login from "./Login";
    import Register from "./Register";

    export default {
        name: "Header",
        data() {
            return {
                url_path: sessionStorage.url_path || '/',
                is_login: false,
                is_register: false,
                token:'',
                username:''
            }
        },
        methods: {
            goPage(url_path) {
                // 已经是当前路由就没有必要重新跳转
                if (this.url_path !== url_path) {
                    this.$router.push(url_path);
                }
                sessionStorage.url_path = url_path;
            },
            put_login() {
                this.is_login = true;
                this.is_register = false;
            },
            put_register() {
                this.is_login = false;
                this.is_register = true;
            },
            close_login() {
                this.is_login = false;
                this.token=this.$cookies.get('token')
                this.username=this.$cookies.get('username')
            },
            close_register() {
                this.is_register = false;
            },
            logout(){
                this.$cookies.remove('token')
                this.$cookies.remove('username')
                this.token=''
                this.username=''
            }
        },
        created() {
            // 前端存数据的地方：cookie中：过期时间，借助第三方， sessionStorage：临时存储，页面关闭就没了  localStorage：永久存储，除非客户清理
            //  sessionStorage.name = 'lqz';
            //  localStorage.age='19'
            sessionStorage.url_path = this.$route.path;
            this.url_path = this.$route.path;
            // 取token和username
            this.token=this.$cookies.get('token')
            this.username=this.$cookies.get('username')
        },
        components: {
            Login,
            Register
        }
    }
</script>

<style scoped>
    .header {
        background-color: white;
        box-shadow: 0 0 5px 0 #aaa;
    }

    .header:after {
        content: "";
        display: block;
        clear: both;
    }

    .slogan {
        background-color: #eee;
        height: 40px;
    }

    .slogan p {
        width: 1200px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        color: #aaa;
        font-size: 13px;
        line-height: 40px;
    }

    .nav {
        background-color: white;
        user-select: none;
        width: 1200px;
        margin: 0 auto;

    }

    .nav ul {
        padding: 15px 0;
        float: left;
    }

    .nav ul:after {
        clear: both;
        content: '';
        display: block;
    }

    .nav ul li {
        float: left;
    }

    .logo {
        margin-right: 20px;
    }

    .ele {
        margin: 0 20px;
    }

    .ele span {
        display: block;
        font: 15px/36px '微软雅黑';
        border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    .ele span:hover {
        border-bottom-color: orange;
    }

    .ele span.active {
        color: orange;
        border-bottom-color: orange;
    }

    .right-part {
        float: right;
    }

    .right-part .line {
        margin: 0 10px;
    }

    .right-part span {
        line-height: 68px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
</style>