具体的算法原理可以参考：

PS 滤镜， 浮雕效果

// define head function

#ifndef PS_ALGORITHM_H_INCLUDED

#define PS_ALGORITHM_H_INCLUDED

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

#include "cv.h"

#include "highgui.h"

#include "cxmat.hpp"

#include "cxcore.hpp"

using namespace std;

using namespace cv;

void Show_Image(Mat&, const string &);

#endif // PS_ALGORITHM_H_INCLUDED

/*

This program will generate

 "Relief" effect.

*/

#include "PS_Algorithm.h"

#include <time.h>

using namespace std;

using namespace cv;

int main(void)

{

    string Img_name("4.jpg");

    Mat Image_in;

    Image_in=imread(Img_name);

    Show_Image(Image_in, Img_name);

    Mat Image_out(Image_in.size(), CV_32FC3);

    Image_in.convertTo(Image_out, CV_32FC3);

    Mat Image_2(Image_in.size(), CV_32FC3);

    Image_in.convertTo( Image_2, CV_32FC3);

     Mat kernel;

     Point anchor;

     double delta;

     int ddepth;

     int kernel_size;

     ddepth=-1;

     anchor=Point(-1,-1);

     delta=0;

     kernel_size=3;

     Mat K_1;

     K_1=Mat::zeros(kernel_size, kernel_size, CV_32F);

     float p;

     p=3;

     K_1.at<float>(0,2)=p;

     K_1.at<float>(2,0)=-p;

     Mat Image_x(Image_in.size(), CV_32FC3);

     cv::filter2D(Image_2, Image_x, ddepth, K_1);

     cv::add(Image_x, Scalar(128.0, 128.0, 128.0), Image_out);

    Image_out=Image_out/255;

    Show_Image(Image_out, "out.jpg");

    imwrite("out.jpg", Image_out*255);

    waitKey();

    cout<<"All is well."<<endl;

}

#include "PS_Algorithm.h"

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

using namespace cv;

void Show_Image(Mat& Image, const string& str)

{

    namedWindow(str.c_str(),CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

    imshow(str.c_str(), Image);

}

原图

效果图