1．浅复制与深复制概念
浅复制（浅克隆）
被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值，而所有的对其他对象的引用仍然指向原来的对象。换言之，浅复制仅仅复制所考虑的对象，而不复制它所引用的对象。
深复制（深克隆）
被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值，除去那些引用其他对象的变量。那些引用其他对象的变量将指向被复制过的新对象，而不再是原有的那些被引用的对象。换言之，深复制把要复制的对象所引用的对象都复制了一遍。
浅层克隆示例(实现Cloneable接口 并复写clone()方法即可)
public class Student implements Cloneable
{ String name;
int age;
Student(String name,int age)
{
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
}
public Object clone()
{
Object o=null;
try
{
o=(Student)super.clone();//Object 中的clone()识别出你要复制的是哪一个对象。
}
catch(CloneNotSupportedException e)
{
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
return o;
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Student s1=new Student("zhangsan",18);
Student s2=(Student)s1.clone();
s2.name="lisi";
s2.age=20;
//修改学生2后，不影响学生1的值。
System.out.println("name="+s1.name+","+"age="+s1.age);
System.out.println("name="+s2.name+","+"age="+s2.age);
}
}实现cloneable接口深层复制的实现示例
class Professor implements Cloneable
{ String name;
int age;
Professor(String name,int age)
{
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
}
public Object clone()
{
Object o=null;
try
{
o=super.clone();
}
catch(CloneNotSupportedException e)
{
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
return o;
}
} public class Student implements Cloneable
{ String name;
int age;
Professor p;
Student(String name,int age,Professor p)
{
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
this.p=p;
}
public Object clone()
{
Student o=null;
try
{
o=(Student)super.clone();
}
catch(CloneNotSupportedException e)
{
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
//对引用的对象也进行复制
o.p=(Professor)p.clone();
return o;
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Professor p=new Professor("wangwu",50);
Student s1=new Student("zhangsan",18,p);
Student s2=(Student)s1.clone();
s2.p.name="lisi";
s2.p.age=30;
//学生1的教授不 改变。
System.out.println("name="+s1.p.name+","+"age="+s1.p.age);
System.out.println("name="+s2.p.name+","+"age="+s2.p.age);
}
}利用串行化来做深复制(复制的对象实现Serializable接口)
class Teacher implements Serializable{
String name;
int age;
public void Teacher(String name,int age){
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
}
}public class Student implements Serializable{
String name;//常量对象
int age;
Teacher t;//学生1和学生2的引用值都是一样的。
public void Student(String name,int age,Teacher t){
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
this.p=p;
}
public Object deepClone() throws IOException,
OptionalDataException,ClassNotFoundException{//将对象写到流里
ByteArrayOutoutStream bo=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream oo=new ObjectOutputStream(bo);
oo.writeObject(this);//从流里读出来
ByteArrayInputStream bi=new ByteArrayInputStream(bo.toByteArray());
ObjectInputStream oi=new ObjectInputStream(bi);
return(oi.readObject());
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Teacher t=new Teacher("tangliang",30);
Student s1=new Student("zhangsan",18,t);
Student s2=(Student)s1.deepClone();
s2.t.name="tony";
s2.t.age=40;
//学生1的老师不改变
System.out.println("name="+s1.t.name+","+"age="+s1.t.age);
}
}