环境：
centos6.8，jdk1.8.0_u172，mongodb-4.0.0，spring boot-1.5.15
1、环境搭建
tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.0.0.tgz -C /home/rui/ #解压，指定放置位置
mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.0.0 mongodb-4.0.0 #重命名
cd mongodb-4.0.0
vim mongodb.conf #配置数据库db和日志log
dbpath=/home/rui/mongodb-4.0.0/data/db
logpath=/home/rui/mongodb-4.0.0/data/log
mkdir -p data/db #创建目录
mkdir -p data/log13 14 vim /etc/profile #添加环境变量15 export PATH=$PATH:/home/rui/mongodb-4.0.0/bin16 source /etc/profile17
验证mongodb安装是否正确：
mongo -version
启动mongodb：
mongod --config /home/rui/mongodb-4.0.0/mongodb.config
启动mongodb shell：
mongo
2、概念
基础概念：文档、集合、数据库
英文对应：document, collection, database
其他概念：字段、索引、主键
英文对应：field, index, primary key
BSON（Binary JSON）：类似json的二进制形式的存储格式
3、常用命令
1、显示所有数据库
show dbs
2、显示当前数据库
db
3、指定使用某数据库，当数据库xxx不存在时，该指令会创建数据库xxx
use xxx910 4、删除数据库11 use xxx12 db.dropDatabase()13 ===========================================================================14 5、创建集合15 use xxx16 db.createCollection("collectionName")或者 db.createCollection("collectionName", options)16 #options指定参数：capped,autoIndex,size,max1718 6、显示集合19 show collections2021 7、删除集合22 db.collectionName.drop()23 =============================================================================24 8、插入文档 24 （集合中存储的数据都是 28 9、查询文档29 db.collectionName.find(<query>,<projection>)29 #返回满足条件的所有文档，query指定查询条件 projection指定返回的字段30 db.collectionName.find()#返回所有文档31 db.collectionName.findOne()#返回一条文档3233 10、更新文档34 db.collectionName.update(<query>,<update>,{upsert:<boolean>,muti:<boolean>})34 #query指定查询条件 update需要更新的对象3536 11、删除文档37 db.collectionName.remove(<query>,{justOne:<boolean>})3839 12、显示指定数量的文档40 db.collectionName.find().limit(number)4142 13、跳过指定数量的文档43 db.collectionName.find().limit(number1).skip(number2)44 db.collectionName.find().skip(number1).limit(number2)#可以实现分页
4、java操作mongodb
maven依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
</dependency>
连接mongodb，crud等测试，完整代码：
package com.rui;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
//common
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import org.bson.Document;
import java.util.Arrays;
import com.mongodb.Block;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;
import static com.mongodb.client.model.Filters.*;
import com.mongodb.client.result.DeleteResult;
import static com.mongodb.client.model.Updates.*;
import com.mongodb.client.result.UpdateResult;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
//new
import com.mongodb.ConnectionString;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoClients;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoIterable;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings;
import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath*:spring-mongodb.xml"})
public class NewMongodbConnTest{
private MongoDatabase database = null;
@Before
//@Test
public void ConnTest(){
//default port = 27017 hostname = localhost
//MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create();
//or self define port and hostname
MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create(
MongoClientSettings.builder()
.applyToClusterSettings(builder ->
builder.hosts(Arrays.asList(new ServerAddress("192.168.0.102", 27017))))
.build());
// access a Database
database = mongoClient.getDatabase("rui");
// print all collection name in database
MongoIterable<String> iterable = database.listCollectionNames();
MongoCursor<String> cursor = iterable.iterator();
try{
while(cursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
}finally{
cursor.close();
}
}
@Test
public void crudTest(){
// access a Collection
MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("rui");
// create a Document
Document doc = new Document("name", "MongoDB")
.append("type", "database")
.append("count", 1)
.append("versions", Arrays.asList("v3.2", "v3.0", "v2.6"))
.append("info", new Document("x", 203).append("y", 102));
// insert one Document
collection.insertOne(doc);
// insert many Document
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<Document>();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
documents.add(new Document("i", i));
}
collection.insertMany(documents);
// count Document in collection
System.out.println("document counts: " + collection.countDocuments());
// query first Document
Document myDoc = collection.find().first();
System.out.println(myDoc.toJson());
//find all Document
MongoCursor<Document> cursor = collection.find().iterator();
try {
while (cursor.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(cursor.next().toJson());
}
} finally {
cursor.close();
}
//query one by a filter,pay attention to Filters helper
Document myDoc = collection.find(eq("i", 71)).first();
System.out.println(myDoc.toJson());
// query all by a filter,pay attention to Filters helper
Block<Document> printBlock = new Block<Document>() {
@Override
public void apply(final Document document) {
System.out.println(document.toJson());
}
};
collection.find(gt("i", 50)).forEach(printBlock);
//update one Document
collection.updateOne(eq("i", 10), new Document("$set", new Document("i", 110)));
//update muti
UpdateResult updateResult = collection.updateMany(lt("i", 100), inc("i", 100));
System.out.println(updateResult.getModifiedCount());
// delete one Document
// collection.deleteOne(eq("i", 110));
// delete muti
DeleteResult deleteResult = collection.deleteMany(gte("i", 100));
System.out.println(deleteResult.getDeletedCount());
// create index
collection.createIndex(new Document("i", 1));
}
}
windows连接linux中的mongodb，启动MongoDB方式如下：
各个代码块测试结果截图：
1、连接测试：
2、插入一条文档：
3、插入多条文档：
4、计算总文档条数：
5、查询第一条文档：
6、查询所有文档：
7、通过filter查询某条文档：
8、通过filter查询多条文档：
9、更新一条文档：
10、更新多条文档：
11、删除一条文档：
12、删除多条文档：
PojoMongodbTest.java
package com.rui;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.Block;
//import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientURI;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.result.DeleteResult;
import com.mongodb.client.result.UpdateResult;
import org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistry;
import org.bson.codecs.pojo.PojoCodecProvider;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoClients;
//import com.mongodb.client.MongoClient;
import java.util.List;
import static com.mongodb.client.model.Filters.*;
import static com.mongodb.client.model.Updates.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import static org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistries.fromProviders;
import static org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistries.fromRegistries;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings;
import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;
//@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath*:spring-mongodb.xml"})
public class PojoMongodbTest{
@Test
public void pojoTest(){
CodecRegistry pojoCodecRegistry = fromRegistries(com.mongodb.MongoClient.getDefaultCodecRegistry(),
fromProviders(PojoCodecProvider.builder().automatic(true).build()));
/*MongoClientSettings settings = MongoClientSettings.builder()
.codecRegistry(pojoCodecRegistry)
.build();
MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create(settings); */
com.mongodb.client.MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create(
MongoClientSettings.builder()
.codecRegistry(pojoCodecRegistry) // codec
.applyToClusterSettings(builder ->
builder.hosts(Arrays.asList(new ServerAddress("192.168.0.102", 27017))))
.build());
MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("rui");
MongoCollection<Person> collection = database.getCollection("people", Person.class);
//Insert a Person
Person ada = new Person("Ada Byron", 20, new Address("St James Square", "London", "W1"));
collection.insertOne(ada);
//Insert multi Persons
List<Person> people = java.util.Arrays.asList(
new Person("Charles Babbage", 45, new Address("5 Devonshire Street", "London", "W11")),
new Person("Alan Turing", 28, new Address("Bletchley Hall", "Bletchley Park", "MK12")),
new Person("Timothy Berners-Lee", 61, new Address("Colehill", "Wimborne", null))
);
collection.insertMany(people);
//query the collection
Block<Person> printBlock = new Block<Person>() {
@Override
public void apply(final Person person) {
System.out.println(person);
}
};
collection.find().forEach(printBlock);
//query one by specifying query Filter
Person somebody = collection.find(eq("address.city", "Wimborne")).first();
System.out.println(somebody.toString());
//query all by specifying query Filter
collection.find(gt("age", 30)).forEach(printBlock);
//update one
collection.updateOne(eq("name", "Ada Byron"), combine(set("age", 23), set("name", "Ada Lovelace")));
//update multi ??? 原来文档少了“address.”!!!
UpdateResult updateResult = collection.updateMany(not(eq("address.zip", null)), set("address.zip", null));
System.out.println(updateResult.getModifiedCount());
//replace
Person ada = new Person("Ada Byron", 20, new Address("St James Square", "London", "W1"));
collection.replaceOne(eq("name", "Ada Lovelace"), ada);
//delete one
// collection.deleteOne(eq("address.city", "Wimborne"));
//delete multi
DeleteResult deleteResult = collection.deleteMany(eq("address.city", "London"));
System.out.println(deleteResult.getDeletedCount());
}
}
Person.java
package com.rui;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.ToString;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
@Setter
@Getter
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString
public final class Person{
private ObjectId id;
private String name;
private int age;
private Address address;
//public Person(){}
public Person(String name, int age, Address address){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.address = address;
}
}
Address.java
package com.rui;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.ToString;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Setter
@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString
public final class Address{
private String street;
private String city;
private String zip;
}
1、插入一个person
2、插入多个person
3、查询全部person
4、查询满足个条件（Filter）的一个person
5、查询满足某个条件（Filter）的多个persons
6、更新满足个条件（Filter）的一个person
7、更新满足个条件（Filter）的多个person，可以通过UpdateResult类返回更新信息（官方文档的update示例有错误，少了“address.”）
8、替代满足个条件（Filter）的person
9、删除满足个条件（Filter）的一个person
10、删除满足个条件（Filter）的多个person，可以通过DeleteResult类返回删除信息
5、spring整合mongodb
1）maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
2）spring-mongodb.xml配置
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/com/myapp/mongodb/config/mongo.properties"/>
<mongo:mongo-client host="${mongo.host}" port="${mongo.port}">
<mongo:client-options
connections-per-host="${mongo.connectionsPerHost}"
threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="${mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier}"
connect-timeout="${mongo.connectTimeout}"
max-wait-time="${mongo.maxWaitTime}"
auto-connect-retry="${mongo.autoConnectRetry}"
socket-keep-alive="${mongo.socketKeepAlive}"
socket-timeout="${mongo.socketTimeout}"
slave-ok="${mongo.slaveOk}"
write-number="1"
write-timeout="0"
write-fsync="true"/>
</mongo:mongo-client>
<mongo:db-factory dbname="database" mongo-ref="mongoClient"/>
<bean id="anotherMongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
<constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mongoDbFactory"/>
</bean>
6、spring boot整合mongodb
1）maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
2）application.properties配置
spring.application.name=spirng-boot-mongodb spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/rui
3）关注spring-data-mongodb的一个重要的类，提供了很多个实用的crud方法
org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
template是高度抽象的类，用来存储和查询文档。
7、集群。。。
8、源码。。。
参考资料：
https://mongodb.github.io/mongo-java-driver/3.8/driver/getting-started/quick-start/
https://mongodb.github.io/mongo-java-driver/3.8/driver/getting-started/quick-start-pojo/
https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/mongodb/docs/2.0.9.RELEASE/reference/html/