public class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
可变数组大小的List实现，允许所有的元素，包括null。（该类可粗略地看作是Vector，除了它不是同步化的）
size、isEmpty、get、set、iterator和listIterator操作的运行时间是常量。add操作对于添加n个元素，需要O(n)的时间。其他的操作需要线性时间。
每个ArrayList对象有一个capacity变量，它总是比list的size大一点，当一个元素添加到ArrayList时，它的capacity会自动地增大，以保证足够大的数组来存放元素。
ArrayList不是线程安全的。
3个实例变量
//默认的容器大小
private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10; //空数组,用于表示一个空的ArrayList
private static final Object[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {}; //装元素的容器
transient Object[] elementData; //ArrayList的大小
private int size;
3个构造器
//指定容器大小的构造器
public ArrayList(int initialCapacity) {
super();
if (initialCapacity < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
initialCapacity);
this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];
} //使用默认容器大小
public ArrayList() {
super();
this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
} //通过Collection实例构造ArrayList
public ArrayList(Collection<? extends E> c) {
elementData = c.toArray();
size = elementData.length;
// c.toArray might (incorrectly) not return Object[] (see 6260652)
if (elementData.getClass() != Object[].class)
elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size, Object[].class);
}
扩容方式
//确保容器大小,作为导出API
public void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
int minExpand = (elementData != EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA)
// any size if real element table
? 0
// larger than default for empty table. It's already supposed to be
// at default size.
: DEFAULT_CAPACITY; if (minCapacity > minExpand) {
ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
}
} //确保容器大小,类私有的
private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
if (elementData == EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
} ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
} private void ensureExplicitCapacity(int minCapacity) {
modCount++; // overflow-conscious code
if (minCapacity - elementData.length > 0)
grow(minCapacity);
} //扩容的方式是原容量的1.5倍
private void grow(int minCapacity) {
// overflow-conscious code
int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1);
if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0)
newCapacity = minCapacity;
if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
// minCapacity is usually close to size, so this is a win:
elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
} private static int hugeCapacity(int minCapacity) {
if (minCapacity < 0) // overflow
throw new OutOfMemoryError();
return (minCapacity > MAX_ARRAY_SIZE) ?
Integer.MAX_VALUE :
MAX_ARRAY_SIZE;
}
迭代器：
//返回普通的迭代器
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Itr();
} //普通的迭代器实现
private class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
int cursor; // index of next element to return
int lastRet = -1; // index of last element returned; -1 if no such
int expectedModCount = modCount; public boolean hasNext() {
return cursor != size;
} @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public E next() {
checkForComodification();
int i = cursor;
if (i >= size)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
Object[] elementData = ArrayList.this.elementData;
if (i >= elementData.length)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
cursor = i + 1;
return (E) elementData[lastRet = i];
} public void remove() {
if (lastRet < 0)
throw new IllegalStateException();
checkForComodification(); try {
ArrayList.this.remove(lastRet);
cursor = lastRet;
lastRet = -1;
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
} @Override
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
Objects.requireNonNull(consumer);
final int size = ArrayList.this.size;
int i = cursor;
if (i >= size) {
return;
}
final Object[] elementData = ArrayList.this.elementData;
if (i >= elementData.length) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
while (i != size && modCount == expectedModCount) {
consumer.accept((E) elementData[i++]);
}
// update once at end of iteration to reduce heap write traffic
cursor = i;
lastRet = i - 1;
checkForComodification();
} final void checkForComodification() {
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
//返回列表迭代器,index指定初始位置
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index);
return new ListItr(index);
} //返回列表迭代器,初始位置为0
public ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
return new ListItr(0);
} //这是一个列表的迭代器,可以往前迭代,也可以往后迭代
private class ListItr extends Itr implements ListIterator<E> {
ListItr(int index) {
super();
cursor = index;
} public boolean hasPrevious() {
return cursor != 0;
} public int nextIndex() {
return cursor;
} public int previousIndex() {
return cursor - 1;
} @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public E previous() {
checkForComodification();
int i = cursor - 1;
if (i < 0)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
Object[] elementData = ArrayList.this.elementData;
if (i >= elementData.length)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
cursor = i;
return (E) elementData[lastRet = i];
} public void set(E e) {
if (lastRet < 0)
throw new IllegalStateException();
checkForComodification(); try {
ArrayList.this.set(lastRet, e);
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
} public void add(E e) {
checkForComodification(); try {
int i = cursor;
ArrayList.this.add(i, e);
cursor = i + 1;
lastRet = -1;
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
}
//返回一个子列表,对该子列表的操作会影响原链表,如subList(f,t).clear()会把原列表f到t之间的元素删除
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
subListRangeCheck(fromIndex, toIndex, size);
return new SubList(this, 0, fromIndex, toIndex);
}