最近想做一个OA相关的网站开发,一直都听说有workflow的东西,之前也断断续续学习过 Workflow Foundation 4.0,还是没有搞明白到底能够用它做什么
但还是觉得workflow在某种情形下应该可以适用,虽然还没有答案,网上搜楼了一通,发现一个workflow-core的东西,觉得挺有意思,遂停下来,琢磨一下,现分享与大家。
* 简介
如主页上介绍的,workflow core作为一个轻量级workflow引擎,可以嵌入到项目中,其底层是用.net standard 2.0开发,可以用来追踪长时间运行的任务状态,功能也比较强大,支持插件形式持久化,和多节点并行处理,貌似很牛。并且目前有给一个 Conductor 项目,就是使用workflow core作为内核的workflow服务器(原来运行workflow,需要单独的一个服务器啊),Conductor这里就不展开了。workflow core支持fluent语法,写起来也非常美观,虽然没有WF那样有图形化的操作界面,但感觉代码比较干净。
- 插播.Net Standard 2.0 简介
开始的时候不了解什么是.Net Standard 2.0,这篇文章讲得比较清楚,.Net Standard 与 .Net Framework关系 还有这个.NET Core 2.0 是您的最好选择吗,原来微软为了统一.Net 的各种平台,出了一个.Net Standard 标准库,基于这个库开发的,可以应用于.net framework 4.6.1以上版本,也可以应用于.net core 2.0以上
了解了相关内容后,直接打开说明,照着例子走一遭了。
* 示例1
新建一个项目,指明使用.net framework 4.6.1以上,新建项目后,在Package Manager Console中,安装workflow core:Install-Package WorkflowCore
,安装这个包会默认安装一系列的依赖包
可能由于版本的关系,还需要另外安装两个包:Microsoft.Extensions.Logging 和 Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug。这样就可以按照Sample 01开始编写代码了
Sample01是一个helloworld,包含了几部分内容:
1. 构建StepBody,就是workflow中需要执行的内容,每个类继承自StepBody这个虚拟类,重载ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context),这个函数中完成所需的工作
1 public class HelloWorld : StepBody 2 { 3 private ILogger logger; 4 5 public HelloWorld(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) 6 { 7 logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<HelloWorld>(); 8 } 9 10 public override ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context) 11 { 12 Console.WriteLine("Hello world, workflow"); 13 logger.LogInformation("Helloworld workflow"); 14 15 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 16 } 17 } 18 19 20 public class GoodbyeWorld : StepBody 21 { 22 private ILogger logger; 23 24 public GoodbyeWorld(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) 25 { 26 logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<GoodbyeWorld>(); 27 } 28 29 public override ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context) 30 { 31 Console.WriteLine("Workflow, Goodbye"); 32 logger.LogInformation("Goodbye workflow"); 33 34 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 35 } 36 } 37 38 public class SleepStep : StepBody 39 { 40 private ILogger logger; 41 42 public SleepStep(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) 43 { 44 logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger("SleepStep"); 45 } 46 47 public override ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context) 48 { 49 Thread.Sleep(1000); 50 51 logger.LogInformation("Sleeped"); 52 53 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 54 } 55 }View Code
2. 构建workflow,实现IWorkflow接口,每个workflow有一个Id和一个Version,标明这个workflow的身份,这里通过两种方法构建了HelloWorkflow,
1 public class HelloWorkflow : IWorkflow 2 { 3 public string Id => "HelloWorkflow"; 4 5 public int Version => 1; 6 7 public void Build(IWorkflowBuilder<object> builder) 8 { 9 builder.StartWith(context => 10 { 11 Console.WriteLine("Hello world"); 12 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 13 }) 14 .Then(context => 15 { 16 Thread.Sleep(500); 17 Console.WriteLine("sleeped"); 18 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 19 }) 20 .Then(context => 21 { 22 Console.WriteLine("Goodbye world"); 23 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 24 }); 25 } 26 } 27 28 public class HelloWorkflow2 : IWorkflow 29 { 30 public string Id => "HelloWorkflow"; 31 32 public int Version => 2; 33 34 public void Build(IWorkflowBuilder<object> builder) 35 { 36 builder.StartWith<HelloWorld>() 37 .Then<SleepStep>() 38 .Then<GoodbyeWorld>(); 39 } 40 }HelloWorkflow
3. 万事俱备,准备让workflow运行起来。第一步当然是需要搭建service,Workflow Core通过Injection命名空间的ServiceCollection添加了Workflow相关的服务,对于有参数的StepBody,需要先通过service的AddTransient函数注册,这样才能正确的构造对象
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 配置workflow 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <returns></returns> 5 private IServiceProvider ConfigureServices() 6 { 7 //setup dependency injection 8 IServiceCollection services = new ServiceCollection(); 9 services.AddLogging(); 10 services.AddWorkflow(); 11 //services.AddWorkflow(x => x.UseMongoDB(@"mongodb://localhost:27017", "workflow")); 12 13 // 这些个构造函数带参数的,需要添加到transient中 14 services.AddTransient<HelloWorld>(); 15 services.AddTransient<GoodbyeWorld>(); 16 services.AddTransient<SleepStep>(); 17 18 var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider(); 19 20 //config logging 21 var loggerFactory = serviceProvider.GetService<ILoggerFactory>(); 22 loggerFactory.AddProvider(new DebugLoggerProvider()); 23 24 return serviceProvider; 25 }构建Service
接下来,启动workflow 主机,并启动一次workflow,将整个窗体代码贴一下,这样比较清晰
1 using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; 2 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging; 3 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console; 4 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug; 5 using System; 6 using System.Collections.Generic; 7 using System.Linq; 8 using System.Text; 9 using System.Threading.Tasks; 10 using System.Windows; 11 using System.Windows.Controls; 12 using System.Windows.Data; 13 using System.Windows.Documents; 14 using System.Windows.Input; 15 using System.Windows.Media; 16 using System.Windows.Media.Imaging; 17 using System.Windows.Navigation; 18 using System.Windows.Shapes; 19 using WorkflowCore.Interface; 20 using WorkflowCore.Services; 21 using WorkFlowCoreTest.MyWorkflow; 22 23 namespace WorkFlowCoreTest 24 { 25 /// <summary> 26 /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml 27 /// </summary> 28 public partial class MainWindow : Window 29 { 30 IServiceProvider serviceProvider = null; 31 bool serviceStarted = false; 32 33 public MainWindow() 34 { 35 InitializeComponent(); 36 } 37 38 private void StartWorkflow() 39 { 40 41 if (serviceProvider == null) 42 { 43 serviceProvider = ConfigureServices(); 44 var host1 = serviceProvider.GetService<IWorkflowHost>(); 45 46 host1.RegisterWorkflow<HelloWorkflow>(); 47 host1.RegisterWorkflow<HelloWorkflow2>(); 48 } 49 50 51 var host = serviceProvider.GetService<IWorkflowHost>(); 52 var wd = host.Registry.GetDefinition("HelloWorkflow"); 53 54 // 如果host启动了,不能再次启动,但没有判断方法 55 if (!serviceStarted) 56 { 57 host.Start(); 58 serviceStarted = true; 59 } 60 61 62 // 启动workflow工作流 63 host.StartWorkflow("HelloWorkflow", 1, data: null); // 64 //host.StartWorkflow("HelloWorkflow");//, 2, data: null, 默认会启用版本高的 65 } 66 67 private void StopWorkflow() 68 { 69 var host = serviceProvider.GetService<IWorkflowHost>(); 70 71 host.Stop(); 72 serviceStarted = false; 73 } 74 75 /// <summary> 76 /// 配置workflow 77 /// </summary> 78 /// <returns></returns> 79 private IServiceProvider ConfigureServices() 80 { 81 //setup dependency injection 82 IServiceCollection services = new ServiceCollection(); 83 services.AddLogging(); 84 services.AddWorkflow(); 85 //services.AddWorkflow(x => x.UseMongoDB(@"mongodb://localhost:27017", "workflow")); 86 87 // 这些个构造函数带参数的,需要添加到transient中 88 services.AddTransient<HelloWorld>(); 89 services.AddTransient<GoodbyeWorld>(); 90 services.AddTransient<SleepStep>(); 91 92 var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider(); 93 94 //config logging 95 var loggerFactory = serviceProvider.GetService<ILoggerFactory>(); 96 loggerFactory.AddProvider(new DebugLoggerProvider()); 97 98 return serviceProvider; 99 } 100 101 private void startButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 102 { 103 StartWorkflow(); 104 } 105 106 private void stopButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 107 { 108 StopWorkflow(); 109 } 110 } 111 }View Code
就这样一个简单的Workflow Core例子就完成了,总体来说,还是很简单,清晰的。