Oracle中Blob和Clob类型
1、Oracle中Blob和Clob类型的区别
- BLOB和CLOB都是大字段类型,BLOB是按二进制来存储的,而CLOB是可以直接存储文字的。其实两个是可以互换的的,或者可以直接用LOB字段代替这两个。但是为了更好的管理ORACLE数据库,通常像图片、文件、音乐等信息就用BLOB字段来存储,先将文件转为二进制再存储进去。而像文章或者是较长的文字,就用CLOB存储,这样对以后的查询更新存储等操作都提供很大的方便。
2、Oracle中Blob和Clob类型的区别操作
- LOB类型分为BLOB和CLOB两种:BLOB即二进制大型对像(Binary Large Object),适用于存贮非文本的字节流数据(如程序、图像、影音等)。而CLOB,即字符型大型对像(Character Large Object),则与字符集相关,适于存贮文本型的数据(如歷史档案、大部头著作等)。
3、下面以程序实例说明通过JDBC操纵Oracle数据库LOB类型字段的几种情况。
先建立如下两个测试用的数据库表,Power Designer PD模型如下:
- 建表SQL语句为:
- CREATE TABLE TEST_CLOB ( ID NUMBER(3), CLOBCOL CLOB)
- CREATE TABLE TEST_BLOB ( ID NUMBER(3), BLOBCOL BLOB)
一、 CLOB对象的存取
1、往数据库中插入一个新的CLOB对像
代码如下:
- public static void clobInsert(String infile) throws Exception
- {
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
- try {
- /* 插入一个空的CLOB对像 */
- stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO TEST_CLOB VALUES ('111', EMPTY_CLOB())");
- /* 查询此CLOB对象并锁定 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT CLOBCOL FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111' FOR UPDATE");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 取出此CLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
- /* 向CLOB对像中写入数据 */
- BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(clob.getCharacterOutputStream());
- BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(infile));
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
- out.write(c);
- }
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- /* 正式提交 */
- conn.commit();
- }
- catch (Exception ex) {
- /* 出错回滚 */
conn.rollback();
throw ex;
}
- /* 恢复原提交状态 */
- conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
- }
2、修改CLOB对像(是在原CLOB对像基础上进行覆盖式的修改)
代码如下:
- public static void clobModify(String infile) throws Exception
- {
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
- try {
- /* 查询CLOB对象并锁定 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT CLOBCOL FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111' FOR UPDATE");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 获取此CLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
- /* 进行覆盖式修改 */
- BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(clob.getCharacterOutputStream());
- BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(infile));
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
- out.write(c);
- }
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- /* 正式提交 */
- conn.commit();
- }
- catch (Exception ex) {
- /* 出错回滚 */
- conn.rollback();
- throw ex;
- }
- /* 恢复原提交状态 */
- conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
- }
3、替换CLOB对像(将原CLOB对像清除,换成一个全新的CLOB对像)
代码如下:
- public static void clobReplace(String infile) throws Exception
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
try {
- /* 清空原CLOB对像 */
- stmt.executeUpdate("UPDATE TEST_CLOB SET CLOBCOL=EMPTY_CLOB() WHERE ID='111'");
- /* 查询CLOB对象并锁定 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT CLOBCOL FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111' FOR UPDATE");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 获取此CLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
- /* 更新数据 */
- BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(clob.getCharacterOutputStream());
- BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(infile));
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1)
- {
- out.write(c);}in.close();out.close();
- }
- /* 正式提交 */
- conn.commit();
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- /* 出错回滚 */
- conn.rollback();
- throw ex;
- }
- /* 恢复原提交状态 */
- conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
- }
{
4、CLOB对像读取
代码如下:
- public static void clobRead(String outfile) throws Exception
- {
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
- try {
- /* 查询CLOB对像 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111'");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 获取CLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
- /* 以字符形式输出 */
- BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(clob.getCharacterStream());
- BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(outfile));
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
- out.write(c);
- }
- out.close();
- in.close();
- }
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- conn.rollback();
- throw ex;
- }
/*回复元提交状态
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
二、 BLOB对象的存取
1、 向数据库中插入一个新的BLOB对像
代码如下:
- public static void blobInsert(String infile) throws Exception
- {
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
- try {
- /* 插入一个空的BLOB对像 */
- stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO TEST_BLOB VALUES ('222', EMPTY_BLOB())");
- /* 查询此BLOB对象并锁定 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT BLOBCOL FROM TEST_BLOB WHERE ID='222' FOR UPDATE");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 取出此BLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.BLOB blob = (oracle.sql.BLOB)rs.getBlob("BLOBCOL");
- /* 向BLOB对像中写入数据 */
- BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(blob.getBinaryOutputStream());
- BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(infile));
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
- out.write(c);
- }
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- /* 正式提交 */
- conn.commit();
- }
- catch (Exception ex) {
- /* 出错回滚 */
- conn.rollback();
- throw ex;
- }
- /* 恢复原提交状态 */
- conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
- }
2、修改BLOB对像(是在原BLOB对像基础上进行覆盖式的修改)
代码如下:
- public static void blobModify(String infile) throws Exception
- {
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
- try {
- /* 查询BLOB对象并锁定 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT BLOBCOL FROM TEST_BLOB WHERE ID='222' FOR UPDATE");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 取出此BLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.BLOB blob = (oracle.sql.BLOB)rs.getBlob("BLOBCOL");
- /* 向BLOB对像中写入数据 */
- BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(blob.getBinaryOutputStream());
- BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(infile));
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
- out.write(c);
- }
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- /* 正式提交 */
- conn.commit();
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- /* 出错回滚 */
- conn.rollback();
- throw ex;
- }
/* 恢复原提交状态 */
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
3、替换BLOB对像(将原BLOB对像清除,换成一个全新的BLOB对像)
代码如下:
- public static void blobReplace(String infile) throws Exception
- {
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
- try {
- /* 清空原BLOB对像 */
- stmt.executeUpdate("UPDATE TEST_BLOB SET BLOBCOL=EMPTY_BLOB() WHERE ID='222'");
- /* 查询此BLOB对象并锁定 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT BLOBCOL FROM TEST_BLOB WHERE ID='222' FOR UPDATE");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 取出此BLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.BLOB blob = (oracle.sql.BLOB)rs.getBlob("BLOBCOL");
- /* 向BLOB对像中写入数据 */
- BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(blob.getBinaryOutputStream());
- BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(infile));
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
- out.write(c);
- }
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- /* 正式提交 */
- conn.commit();
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- /* 出错回滚 */
- conn.rollback();
- throw ex;
- }
/* 恢复原提交状态 */
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
4、BLOB对像读取
代码如下:
- public static void blobRead(String outfile) throws Exception
- {
- /* 设定不自动提交 */
- boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
- conn.setAutoCommit(false);
- try {
- /* 查询BLOB对像 */
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT BLOBCOL FROM TEST_BLOB WHERE ID='222'");
- while (rs.next()) {
- /* 取出此BLOB对像 */
- oracle.sql.BLOB blob = (oracle.sql.BLOB)rs.getBlob("BLOBCOL");
- /* 以二进制形式输出 */
- BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(outfile));
- BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(blob.getBinaryStream());
- int c;
- while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
- out.write(c);
- }
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- /* 正式提交 */
- conn.commit();
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- /* 出错回滚 */
- conn.rollback();
- throw ex;
- }
/* 恢复原提交状态 */
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
观察上述程序对LOB类型字段的存取,我们可以看出,较之其它类型字段,有下面几个显著不同的特点:必须取消自动提交