两者都可用来在定义比较方法,然后用在排序中。
Comparable是类本身继承的接口
Comparator实在类外定义一个排序的类
比较而言,觉得Comparator更灵活一些,但是Comparable方便一些。
举个栗子:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<Pair> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(new Pair(8, 1));
list.add(new Pair(6, 5));
list.add(new Pair(6, 3));
list.add(new Pair(5, 7));
list.add(new Pair(4, 9));
// 用Comparator排序 -- 按照两个数的和排序
list.sort(new PairComparator());
for (Pair p: list)
System.out.println(p);
System.out.println();
// 用Comparable排序 -- 先按第一个数排序 再按第二个数排序
Collections.sort(list);
for (Pair p: list)
System.out.println(p);
}
} class PairComparator implements Comparator<Pair> { @Override
public int compare(Pair p1, Pair p2) {
int sum1 = p1.getSum();
int sum2 = p2.getSum();
return (sum1 == sum2 ? 0 : (sum1 < sum2 ? -1 : 1));
} } class Pair implements Comparable<Pair> { private int first;
private int second; public Pair(int first, int second) {
this.first = first;
this.second = second;
} @Override
public int compareTo(Pair p) {
if (first == p.first) {
if (second == p.second) return 0;
return second < p.second ? -1 : 1;
}
return first < p.first ? -1 : 1;
} public int getSum() {
return first + second;
} public String toString() {
return "[first:" + first + ", second:" + second + ", sum:" + getSum() + "]";
} }
输出:
[first:8, second:1, sum:9]
[first:6, second:3, sum:9]
[first:6, second:5, sum:11]
[first:5, second:7, sum:12]
[first:4, second:9, sum:13] [first:4, second:9, sum:13]
[first:5, second:7, sum:12]
[first:6, second:3, sum:9]
[first:6, second:5, sum:11]
[first:8, second:1, sum:9]
对于一些已经写好的类,比如String,我们当然不能去修改它的compareTo()方法,于是可以写一个自定义的比较器。
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator; public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add("abcd");
list.add("bcd");
list.add("cd");
list.add("d");
Collections.sort(list);
System.out.println(list);
list.sort(new MyStringComparator());
System.out.println(list);
}
} // 自定义的String排序方法 按字符串长度排序
class MyStringComparator implements Comparator<String> { @Override
public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
int len1 = o1.length();
int len2 = o2.length();
return (len1 == len2 ? 0 : (len1 < len2 ? -1 : 1));
} }
输出:
[abcd, bcd, cd, d]
[d, cd, bcd, abcd]