MATLAB实现：

function scanDir(root_dir)
% if isempty(varargin)
%    root_dir = uigetdir;
% end
% files={};
if root_dir(end)~='\'
 root_dir=[root_dir,'\'];
end
fileList=dir(root_dir);  %扩展名
n=length(fileList);
for i=1:n
    if strcmp(fileList(i).name,'.')==1||strcmp(fileList(i).name,'..')==1
        continue;
    else
        fileList(i).name
        if ~fileList(i).isdir
            full_name=[root_dir,fileList(i).name];
        else
           scanDir([root_dir,fileList(i).name]);
        end
    end
end
end

Python实现：

# folder_name:最外层文件夹的路径
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(folder_name):
    files = sorted(files)
    for name in files:
    	print(os.path.join(root,name))