SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate整合开发

2021-12-23 22:46:43

最近突然想认真研究下java web常用框架，虽然现在一直在用，但实现的整体流程不是很了解，就在网上搜索资料，尝试自己搭建，以下是自己的搭建及测试过程。

一、准备工作：

　　　　 1/安装并配置java运行环境

　　　　 2/数据库的安装配置（Mysql）

　　　　 3/安装并配置服务器(Tomcat)

　　　　 4/ IntelliJIDEA的安装配置（本人使用的主要软件是IntelliJIDEA）

　　　　5/ 使用IntelliJIDEA创建一个web app项目

二、下载jar包（也可以用maven）

springMVC及spring需要的jar包spring-core.jar，spring-beans.jar，spring-web.jar，spring-webmvc.jar等

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/leskang/p/5426829.html

Hibernate4需要的jar包antlr-2.7.7.jar，dom4j-1.6.1.jar，hibernate-core-4.2.21.Final.jar，hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.2.Final.jar等

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/doodoofish/article/details/43207

三、文件结构

四、配置文件

1.springMVC配置

resources/config/springMVC-servlet.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">

     <!-- 定义controller扫描包 -->

     <context:component-scan base-package="com.qc.mall" >

         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>

     </context:component-scan>

     <mvc:annotation-driven />

     <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->

     <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

         <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>

         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>

         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

     </bean>

     <!--这里是对静态资源的映射-->

     <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/views/js/" />

     <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/views/css/" />

     <mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/WEB-INF/views/images/" />

     <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

 </beans>

对应web.xml,包括springMVC的配置，且添加了字符集过滤：

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

          xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"

          version="4.0">

     <!-- spring MVC config start-->

     <servlet>

         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

         <init-param>

             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

             <!-- 此处指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->

             <param-value>classpath:config/springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>

         </init-param>

         <!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->

         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

     </servlet>

     <servlet-mapping>

         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

     </servlet-mapping>

     <!-- spring MVC config end-->

     <!--  字符集过滤  -->

     <filter>

         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

         <init-param>

             <param-name>encoding</param-name>

             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

         </init-param>

         <init-param>

             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

             <param-value>true</param-value>

         </init-param>

     </filter>

     <filter-mapping>

         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

     </filter-mapping>

     <welcome-file-list>

         <welcome-file>views/test.jsp</welcome-file>

     </welcome-file-list>

 </web-app>

然后写个测试方法测试下

在controller层新建一个MainController，内容如下：

 package com.qc.mall.controller;

 import com.qc.mall.webservice.TestService;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

 @Controller

 public class MainController {

     @Autowired

     private TestService testService;

     @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)

     public String test(){

 //        实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀

         return "test";

     }

 }

test.jsp内容如下：

 <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

 <html>

 <head>

     <title>Title</title>

 </head>

 <body>

 <center>

     <h2 style="color: #ff261a;">this is my test page!</h2>

 </center>

 </body>

 </html>

启动Tomcat，在浏览器中访问http://mall.jincaidongli.com:8080/test(这里我配置的自己的域名)。

成功！

2.SpringMVC+Spring整合

配置applicationContext.xml 这个Spring的配置文件：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"

        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"

        xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"

        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

        xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"

        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd"

        default-lazy-init="false">

     <!--********************************************配置Spring***************************************-->

     <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->

     <context:component-scan base-package="com.qc.mall">

         <!-- 扫描时跳过 @Controller 注解的JAVA类（控制器） -->

         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>

     </context:component-scan>

     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/config.properties"/>

     <aop:config proxy-target-class="true"></aop:config>

     <!-- 事物管理器配置  -->

     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">

         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

     </bean>

     <!-- 开启事务注解-->

     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"  />

 </beans>

我这里把头文件全部写上了，因为之前因为头文件不全导致，编译一直不成功。

web.xml配置：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

          xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"

          version="4.0">

     <!--加载Spring的配置文件到上下文中去-->

     <context-param>

         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

         <param-value>

             classpath:/config/applicationContext.xml

         </param-value>

     </context-param>

     <!-- spring MVC config start-->

     <servlet>

         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

         <init-param>

             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

             <!-- 此处指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->

             <param-value>classpath:config/springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>

         </init-param>

         <!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->

         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

     </servlet>

     <servlet-mapping>

         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

     </servlet-mapping>

     <!-- spring MVC config end-->

     <!-- Spring监听器 -->

     <listener>

         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

     </listener>

     <!--  字符集过滤  -->

     <filter>

         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

         <init-param>

             <param-name>encoding</param-name>

             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

         </init-param>

         <init-param>

             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

             <param-value>true</param-value>

         </init-param>

     </filter>

     <filter-mapping>

         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

     </filter-mapping>

     <welcome-file-list>

         <welcome-file>views/test.jsp</welcome-file>

     </welcome-file-list>

 </web-app>

配置完成，开始测试：

TestService.java

 package com.qc.mall.webservice;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

 @Service

 @Transactional

 public class TestService {

     public String test() {

         return "test";

     }

 }

MainController控制器代码如下：

 package com.qc.mall.controller;

 import com.qc.mall.webservice.TestService;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

 @Controller

 public class MainController {

     @Autowired

     private TestService testService;

     @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)

     public String test(){

 //        实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀

         return "test";

     }

     @RequestMapping(value = "springtest", method = RequestMethod.GET)

     public String springTest(){

         return testService.test();

     }

 }

重启Tomcat，在浏览器地址栏输入http://mall.jincaidongli.com:8080/springtest

测试成功！

3.SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate整合

首先配置下数据库连接及hibernate配置信息文件，config.properties

 jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

 jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/qcshop?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8

 jdbc.username=root

 jdbc.password=root

 #hibernate config

 hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

 hibernate.show_sql = true

 hibernate.format_sql = true

 hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

接下来配置hibernate，将其配置到applicationapplicationContext.xml文件中：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"

        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"

        xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"

        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

        xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"

        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd"

        default-lazy-init="false">

     <!--********************************************配置Spring***************************************-->

     <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->

     <context:component-scan base-package="com.qc.mall">

         <!-- 扫描时跳过 @Controller 注解的JAVA类（控制器） -->

         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>

     </context:component-scan>

     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/config.properties"/>

     <aop:config proxy-target-class="true"></aop:config>

     <!--********************************************配置hibernate********************************************-->

     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">

         <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />  <!--数据库连接驱动-->

         <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />     <!--数据库地址-->

         <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />   <!--用户名-->

         <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />   <!--密码-->

         <property name="maxPoolSize" value="40" />      <!--最大连接数-->

         <property name="minPoolSize" value="1" />       <!--最小连接数-->

         <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" />      <!--初始化连接池内的数据库连接-->

         <property name="maxIdleTime" value="20" />  <!--最大空闲时间-->

     </bean>

     <!--配置session工厂-->

     <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

         <property name="hibernateProperties">

             <props>

                 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <!--hibernate根据实体自动生成数据库表-->

                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>           <!--指定数据库方言-->

                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>         <!--在控制台显示执行的数据库操作语句-->

                 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>     <!--在控制台显示执行的数据哭操作语句（格式）-->

             </props>

         </property>

         <!-- hibernate 映射文件  设置为自动扫描包目录-->

         <property name="packagesToScan">

             <list>

                 <value>com.qc.mall.entity</value>

             </list>

         </property>

     </bean>

     <!-- 事物管理器配置  -->

     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">

         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

     </bean>

     <!-- 开启事务注解-->

     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"  />

 </beans>

配置结束，整体测试。

实体类（Entity）

 package com.qc.mall.entity;

 import javax.persistence.*;

 @Entity

 @Table(name = "Person")

 public class Person {

     private Long id;

     private Long created = System.currentTimeMillis();

     private String username;

     private String address;

     private String phone;

     private String remark;

     @Id

     @GeneratedValue

     public Long getId() {

         return id;

     }

     public void setId(Long id) {

         this.id = id;

     }

     public Long getCreated() {

         return created;

     }

     public void setCreated(Long created) {

         this.created = created;

     }

     public String getUsername() {

         return username;

     }

     public void setUsername(String username) {

         this.username = username;

     }

     public String getAddress() {

         return address;

     }

     public void setAddress(String address) {

         this.address = address;

     }

     public String getPhone() {

         return phone;

     }

     public void setPhone(String phone) {

         this.phone = phone;

     }

     public String getRemark() {

         return remark;

     }

     public void setRemark(String remark) {

         this.remark = remark;

     }

 }

数据库访问层（DAO）

 package com.qc.mall.dao;

 import com.qc.mall.entity.Person;

 public interface PersonDao extends BaseDao<Person,Long> { }

dao层实现类

 package com.qc.mall.dao.impl;

 import com.qc.mall.dao.PersonDao;

 import com.qc.mall.entity.Person;

 import org.hibernate.Session;

 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

 import java.util.List;

 @Repository

 public class PersonDaoImpl implements PersonDao {

     @Autowired

     private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

     private Session getCurrentSession() {

         return this.sessionFactory.openSession();

     }

     public Person load(Long id) {

         return (Person)getCurrentSession().load(Person.class,id);

     }

     public Person get(Long id) {

         return (Person)getCurrentSession().get(Person.class,id);

     }

     public List<Person> findAll() {

         return null;

     }

     public void persist(Person entity) {

         getCurrentSession().persist(entity);

     }

     public Long save(Person entity) {

         return (Long)getCurrentSession().save(entity);

     }

     public void saveOrUpdate(Person entity) {

         getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);

     }

     public void delete(Long id) {

         Person person = load(id);

         getCurrentSession().delete(person);

     }

     public void flush() {

         getCurrentSession().flush();

     }

 }

业务层（Service）

 package com.qc.mall.service;

 import com.qc.mall.dao.PersonDao;

 import com.qc.mall.entity.Person;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

 @Service

 @Transactional

 public class  PersonService {

     @Autowired

     private PersonDao personDao;

     public Long savePerson() {

         Person person = new Person();

         person.setUsername("sijizhen");

         person.setPhone("1526568652");

         person.setAddress("sijizhen");

         person.setRemark("this is sijizhen");

         return personDao.save(person);

     }

 }

控制层（Controller）

 package com.qc.mall.controller;

 import com.qc.mall.service.PersonService;

 import com.qc.mall.webservice.TestService;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

 @Controller

 public class MainController {

     @Autowired

     private TestService testService;

     @Autowired

     private PersonService personService;

     @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)

     public String test(){

 //        实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀

         return "test";

     }

     @RequestMapping(value = "springTest", method = RequestMethod.GET)

     public String springTest(){

         return testService.test();

     }

     @RequestMapping(value = "savePerson", method = RequestMethod.GET)

     @ResponseBody

     public String savePerson(){

         personService.savePerson();

         return "success!";

     }

 }

重启Tomcat，在浏览器中访问http://mall.jincaidongli.com:8080/savePerson

查看数据库数据：

完成！

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/xrog/p/6359706.html

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