【Spring学习笔记-MVC-10】Spring MVC之数据校验

2023-01-11 08:01:56

作者：ssslinppp

1.准备

这里我们采用Hibernate-validator来进行验证，Hibernate-validator实现了JSR-303验证框架支持注解风格的验证。首先我们要到http://hibernate.org/validator/下载需要的jar包，这里以4.3.1.Final作为演示，解压后把hibernate-validator-4.3.1.Final.jar、jboss-logging-3.1.0.jar、validation-api-1.0.0.GA.jar这三个包添加到项目中。

2. Spring MVC上下文配置


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
       
	<!-- 扫描web包，应用Spring的注解 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.ll.web"/>
	
	<!-- 配置视图解析器，将ModelAndView及字符串解析为具体的页面，默认优先级最低 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
		p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" 
		p:prefix="/jsp/"
		p:suffix=".jsp" />
	
	<!-- 设置数据校验、数据转换、数据格式化 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator"  conversion-service="conversionService"/>

    <!-- 数据转换/数据格式化工厂bean -->
	<bean id="conversionService"
		class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" />

	<!-- 设置校验工厂bean-采用hibernate实现的校验jar进行校验-并设置国际化资源显示错误信息 -->
	<bean id="validator"
		class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean">
		<property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator" />
		<!--不设置则默认为classpath下的 ValidationMessages.properties -->
		<property name="validationMessageSource" ref="validatemessageSource" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 设置国际化资源显示错误信息 -->
	<bean id="validatemessageSource"
		class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
		<property name="basename">
			<list>
				<value>classpath:valideMessages</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="fileEncodings" value="utf-8" />
		<property name="cacheSeconds" value="120" />
	</bean>

</beans>

3. 待校验的Java对象


package com.ll.model;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.constraints.DecimalMax;
import javax.validation.constraints.DecimalMin;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
import javax.validation.constraints.Pattern;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Length;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;

public class Person {
	
	@Pattern(regexp="W{4,30}",message="{Pattern.person.username}")
	private String username;
	
	@Pattern(regexp="S{6,30}",message="{Pattern.person.passwd}")
	private String passwd;
	
	@Length(min=2,max=100,message="{Pattern.person.passwd}")
	private String realName;
	
	@Past(message="{Past.person.birthday}")
	@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
	private Date birthday;
	
	@DecimalMin(value="1000.00",message="{DecimalMin.person.salary}")
	@DecimalMax(value="2500.00",message="{DecimalMax.person.salary}")
	@NumberFormat(pattern="#,###.##")
	private long salary;
	
	public Person() {
		super();
	}

	public Person(String username, String passwd, String realName) {
		super();
		this.username = username;
		this.passwd = passwd;
		this.realName = realName;
	}

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPasswd() {
		return passwd;
	}
	public void setPasswd(String passwd) {
		this.passwd = passwd;
	}
	public String getRealName() {
		return realName;
	}
	public void setRealName(String realName) {
		this.realName = realName;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
//		DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
//		return df.format(birthday);
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public long getSalary() {
		return salary;
	}

	public void setSalary(long salary) {
		this.salary = salary;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [username=" + username + ", passwd=" + passwd + "]";
	}
}

4. 国际化资源文件

5. 控制层

下面这张图是从其他文章中截取的，主要用于说明：@Valid与BindingResult之间的关系；


package com.ll.web;

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.ll.model.Person;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/test")
public class TestController {
	
	@ModelAttribute("person")
	public Person initModelAttr() {
		Person person = new Person();
		return person;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 返回主页
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/index.action")
	public String index() {
		return "regedit";
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 1. 在入参对象前添加@Valid注解，同时在其后声明一个BindingResult的入参（必须紧随其后），
	 *    入参可以包含多个BindingResult参数；
	 * 2. 入参对象前添加@Valid注解：请求数据-->入参数据 ===>执行校验；
	 * 3. 这里@Valid在Person对象前声明，只会校验Person p入参，不会校验其他入参;
	 * 4. 概括起来：@Valid与BindingResult必须成对出现，且他们之间不允许声明其他入参；
	 * @param bindingResult ：可判断是否存在错误
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/FormattingTest")
	public String conversionTest(@Valid @ModelAttribute("person") Person p,
			BindingResult bindingResult) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
		// 输出信息
		System.out.println(p.getUsername() + "  " + p.getPasswd() + " "
				+ p.getRealName() + " " + "  " + p.getBirthday() + "  "
				+ p.getSalary());
		
		// 判断校验结果
		if(bindingResult.hasErrors()){
			System.out.println("数据校验有误");
			return "regedit";
		}else {
			System.out.println("数据校验都正确");
			return "success";
		}
	}

}

6. 前台

引入Spring的form标签：

在前台显示错误：


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>数据校验</title>
  <style>
     .errorClass{color:red}
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <form:form modelAttribute="person"  action='FormattingTest.action'  >
    <form:errors path="*" cssClass="errorClass" element="div"/>
    <table>
	    <tr>
	       <td>用户名：</td>
	       <td>
	          <form:errors path="username" cssClass="errorClass" element="div"/>
	          <form:input path="username"  />
	       </td>
	    </tr>
	    <tr>
	     <td>密码：</td>
	       <td>
	          <form:errors path="passwd" cssClass="errorClass"  element="div"/>
	          <form:password path="passwd" />  
	       </td>
	    </tr>
	    <tr>
	     <td>真实名：</td>
	       <td>
	          <form:errors path="realName" cssClass="errorClass"  element="div"/>
	          <form:input path="realName" />  
	       </td>
	    </tr>
	    <tr>
	     <td>生日：</td>
	       <td>
	         <form:errors path="birthday" cssClass="errorClass" element="div"/>
	         <form:input path="birthday" />    
	       </td>
	    </tr>
	    <tr>
	     <td>工资：</td>
	       <td>
	         <form:errors path="salary" cssClass="errorClass" element="div"/>
	         <form:input path="salary" />
	       </td>
	    </tr>
	    <tr>
	     <td colspan="2"><input type="submit" name="提交"/></td>
	    </tr>	    
    </table>
  </form:form>
</body>
</html>