今天我们来聊一下利用docker部署elk日志分析系统，这里解析一下elk是啥东西。elk分别是Elasticsearch,Logstash和Kibana的首字母缩写。
- Elasticsearch是一个基于JSON的分布式搜索和分析引擎，专为水平可扩展性，最高可靠性和易管理性而设计。
- Logstash是一个动态数据收集管道，具有可扩展的插件生态系统和强大的Elasticsearch协同作用。
- Kibana通过UI 提供数据可视化。
架构简述
日志系统首先面临几个问题：
不同厂商设备的不同日志格式的处理，如何调用微信来发送报警信息。采用的解决办法是不同厂商的设备发送日志的时候采用不同端口，日志先发送到logstash,
logstash会先解析日志成标准格式，然后logstash会做2件事情，一个是存放日志到es里面，通过kibana做出展示。
环境搭建：
我们这里采用docker容器技术来部署elk。先从docker hub 下载 Elasticsearch,Logstash和Kibana这三个镜像。执行如下命令
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull elasticsearch
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull kibana
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull logstash:7.2.0
为了后续管理方便，这里编写yml文件，然后使用docker-compose来启动。
version: '3.3' services: elasticsearch:
image: elasticsearch:latest
container_name: elasticsearch
hostname: elasticsearch
ports:
- '9200:9200'
environment:
ES_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xms256m -Xmx256m"
discovery.type: "single-node"
volumes:
- "/data/elk/elasticsearch/data:/usr/elasticsearch/data" logstash:
image: logstash:7.2.0
container_name: logstash
hostname: logstash
ports:
- "514:514/udp"
user: 'root'
command: "logstash -f /etc/logstash.conf --config.reload.automatic"
volumes:
- "/data/elk/logstash/logstash.conf:/etc/logstash.conf"
environment:
LS_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xmx256m -Xms256m"
links:
- "elasticsearch:elasticsearch" kibana:
image: kibana:latest
container_name: kibana
hostname: kibana
ports:
- '5601:5601'
environment:
ELASTICSEARCH_URL: "http://elasticsearch:9200"
links:
- "elasticsearch:elasticsearch"
注意：/data/elk/logstash/logstash.conf这个文件需要我们提前准备，后面会提到。
交换机配置
我们需要把交换机的日志指定到elk服务器上。
cisco:
logging host 10.100.18.18 transport udp port 5002 H3C
info-center enable
info-center source default channel 2 trap state off
// 必要，不然日志会出现 不符合级别的 alert 日志
info-center loghost 10.100.18.18 port 5003 huawei
info-center enable
info-center loghost 10.100.18.18
info-center timestamp log short-date
info-center timestamp trap short-date
Logstash 的配置
不同厂商的日志 gork我都写好了，复制过去就能用
input{
tcp {port => 5002 type => "Cisco"}
udp {port => 514 type => "HUAWEI"}
udp {port => 5002 type => "Cisco"}
udp {port => 5003 type => "H3C"}
}
filter {
if [type] == "Cisco"{
grok{
match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{NUMBER:log_sequence}: .%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp}: %%{DATA:facility}-%{POSINT:severity}-%{CISCO_REASON:mnemonic}: %{GREEDYDATA:message}" }
match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{NUMBER:log_sequence}: %{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp}: %%{DATA:facility}-%{POSINT:severity}-%{CISCO_REASON:mnemonic}: %{GREEDYDATA:message}" }
add_field => {"severity_code" => "%{severity}"}
overwrite => ["message"]
}
}
else if [type] == "H3C"{
grok {
match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp} %{YEAR:year} %{DATA:hostname} %%%{DATA:vvmodule}/%{POSINT:severity}/%{DATA:digest}: %{GREEDYDATA:message}" }
remove_field => [ "year" ]
add_field => {"severity_code" => "%{severity}"}
overwrite => ["message"]
}
}
else if [type] == "HUAWEI"{
grok {
match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp} %{DATA:hostname} %%%{DATA:ddModuleName}/%{POSINT:severity}/%{DATA:Brief}:%{GREEDYDATA:message}"}
match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp} %{DATA:hostname} %{DATA:ddModuleName}/%{POSINT:severity}/%{DATA:Brief}:%{GREEDYDATA:message}"}
remove_field => [ "timestamp" ]
add_field => {"severity_code" => "%{severity}"}
overwrite => ["message"]
}
}
mutate {
gsub => [
"severity", "0", "Emergency",
"severity", "1", "Alert",
"severity", "2", "Critical",
"severity", "3", "Error",
"severity", "4", "Warning",
"severity", "5", "Notice",
"severity", "6", "Informational",
"severity", "7", "Debug"
]
}
}
output{
elasticsearch {
index => "syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
hosts => ["your_ipaddress:9200"]
}
}
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