19周 11章  django ORM基本创建类型以及生成数据库结构

类型：

dbfirst  :通过数据库创建类

codefirst:先创建类 再创建数据库 --最常用

ORM的意思: 通过类创建数据库

对数据库操作步骤如下：

1、默认链接 sqlite  如果要链接mysql 需要进行配置：

前提：需要创建mysql数据库：dbname

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

    'NAME':'dbname',

    'USER': 'root',

    'PASSWORD': 'xxx',

    'HOST': '192.168.0.92',

    'PORT': '',

    }

}

2、在project同名文件夹的__init__文件中添加如下代码：

import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

3、admin后台注册表，admin内容如下：

from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import models

admin.site.register(models.UserInfo)

# Register your models here.

4、配置pycharm环境变量

4.1、Run  -->  EditConfigures 

4.2、里面所有文件点开，修改里面的Environment variables 添加一项。

名称是DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE  值是settings.py文件所在的目录名称,比如 untitled4.settings

如果没有配置pycharm环境变量，是无法写入数据库中数据的，而且单个运行views.py会报如下错误：

django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting CACHES, but settings are not configured.

You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings

5、创建model表，根据类自动创建数据表

from django.db import models

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=64)

6、生成相应的表，执行命令：

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

直接结果如下：

[root@test3 project]# python manage.py makemigrations

Migrations for 'app02':

app02/migrations/0001_initial.py

- Create model UserInfo

[root@test3 project]# python manage.py migrate

Operations to perform:

Apply all migrations: admin, app02, auth, contenttypes, sessions

Running migrations:

Applying app02.0001_initial... OK

7、在views.py中定义对数据进行增删改查，models.py内容如下：

from app01 import models

def orm(request):

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root', password='', )

    obj = models.UserInfo(username='bob', password='')

    obj.save()

8、测试

先单个执行urls.py、models.py、views.py  如果报错就对照错误排错把，否则运行了项目也无法写入到数据库

19周 13章   django ORM  基本操作 增、删、改、查

1、先导入模块

from app01 import models

    创建

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='',)

    obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='')

    obj.save()

    dic={'username':'jack','password':''}

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    拿到的是一个对象，而且是名字、密码都一样的第一个

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).first()

    取对象中的某一个数据

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3).first()

    print(obj.username)

    拿到的是一个列表，而且是名字、密码都一样的多个

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p)

    循环拿列表中的某一个数据：

def orm(request):

obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    for i in obj:

        print(i.username)

    return HttpResponse('orm')

    删除：

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    更新

    models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=1).update(password=999

第19章\urls.py

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^cmdb/',include("app01.urls")),

    url(r'^monitor/',include("app02.urls")),

    ]

app01\views.py

from app01 import models

def orm(request):

    创建

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='',)

    obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='')

    obj.save()

    dic={'username':'jack','password':''}

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    删除：

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    更新

    models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=1).update(password=999

第19章 14节 基于ORM实现用户登录：

报错问题：

1、访问页面没有内容，返回200错误，说明肯定是html里面的内容写错了

2、ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)     

   这个错误说明：obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()  这个里面没有写“id=” 

   或者：{'obj':obj}  这个写错了  

   总之是括号里面的少个东西

3、url一定要写成这样格式，否则很容易报错

   url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

ORM实例：

app01/urls.py内容如下：

"""第19章 URL Configuration

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

app01/views.py内容如下：

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

from django.shortcuts import redirect

import urllib

# Create your views here.

# USER_DICT={

#     'k1':'root1',

#     'k2':'root2',

#     'k3':'root3',

#     'k4':'root4',

# }

USER_DICT={

    '1':{'name':'root1','email':'root@123.com'},

    '2':{'name':'root2','email':'root@123.com'},

    '3':{'name':'root3','email':'root@123.com'},

    '4':{'name':'root4','email':'root@123.com'}

}

def index(request):

    return render(request,'index.html')

def user_info(request):

    user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #print(user_list.query)

    return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

def user_detail(request,nid):

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

    return render(request,'user_detail.html',{'obj':obj})

def login(request):

    if request.method=="GET":

        return render(request,'login.html')

    elif request.method=="POST":

        #数据库中执行 select 判断用户名和密码是否中确

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        #count=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).count() 也可以，但是不经常用

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u, password=p).first()

        #print(obj)

        #下面意思：如果obj为真

        if obj:

            return redirect('/cmdb/index/')

        else:

            return render(request,'login.html')

    else:

        return redirect('/index/')

from app01 import models

def orm(request):

    #创建

    #models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    # obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    # obj.save()

    # dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    #查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    #

    #删除：

    #models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    #更新

    #models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    # obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    # for i in obj:

    #     print(i.username)

    #

    return HttpResponse('orm')

# from django.views import View

#

# class Home(View):

#     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

#         print('before')#kkkk

#         result=super(Home,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

#         print('after')

#         return result

#

#     def get(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

#     def post(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

templates/login.html内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body >

    <form action="/cmdb/login/" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

        <p>

            <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用户名">

        </p>

        <p>

            <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码">

        </p>

        <input type="submit" value="提交">

    </form>

</body>

</html>

templates/index.html内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 0;overflow: auto">

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_info.html内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h3>用户列表</h3>

        <ul>

            {% for row in user_list %}

                <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }}</a></li>

            {% endfor %}

        </ul>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_detail.html内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h1>用户详细信息</h1>

        <h2>{{ obj.id }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.name }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.password }}</h2>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

19周-15章python基于 Django 基于ORM实现用户增加、删除、修改、查看

models.Business.objects.all()

是个对象

models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

#[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

#[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

1、

注意：method="post"  一定要写。一定是小写  否则报错

<form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

2、

注意href和action、return redirect三个的区分，容易混淆

这是做的跳转：

<a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a> 

这是提交的当前的页面:

<form method="post" action="/cmdb/useredit-{{ obj.id }}/">

这个不加html

return redirect用法：不加html

return redirect('/cmdb/index/'）

3、

根据id删除用户的瞬间跳转到当前页面

<a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a>

def user_del(request,nid):

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()

    return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')

4、

注意不成功的话  重新打开一个页面试试

5、

注意：<input type="text" name="id" value="1"/>    value的意思是可以在输入框中显示出来id

style="display: none"

6、

注意form表单里面action路径 一定要和 url里面的保持一致，否则报错，

例如：

href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}

url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

app01/urls.py

"""第19章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    url(r'^userdel-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_del,),

    url(r'^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_edit,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

from django.shortcuts import redirect

from app01 import models

import urllib

# Create your views here.

# USER_DICT={

#     'k1':'root1',

#     'k2':'root2',

#     'k3':'root3',

#     'k4':'root4',

# }

USER_DICT={

    '1':{'name':'root1','email':'root@123.com'},

    '2':{'name':'root2','email':'root@123.com'},

    '3':{'name':'root3','email':'root@123.com'},

    '4':{'name':'root4','email':'root@123.com'}

}

def index(request):

    return render(request,'index.html')

def user_info(request):

    if request.method=="GET":

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

    elif request.method=="POST":

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=u,password=p)

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #print(user_list.query)

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

def user_del(request,nid):

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()

    return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')

def user_edit(request,nid):

    if request.method=='GET':

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

        return render(request,'user_edit.html',{'obj':obj})

    elif request.method=='POST':

        nid=request.POST.get('id')

        u=request.POST.get('username')

        p=request.POST.get('password')

        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(username=u,password=p)

        return redirect('/cmdb/user_detail/')

def user_detail(request,nid):

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

    return render(request,'user_detail.html',{'obj':obj})

def login(request):

    #models.UserGroup.objects.create(caption='DBA')

    if request.method=="GET":

        return render(request,'login.html')

    elif request.method=="POST":

        #数据库中执行 select 判断用户名和密码是否中确

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        #count=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).count() 也可以，但是不经常用

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).first()

        #print(obj)

        #下面意思：如果obj为真

        if obj:

            return redirect('/cmdb/index/')

        else:

            return render(request,'login.html')

    else:

        return redirect('/index/')

def orm(request):

    #创建

    #models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    # obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    # obj.save()

    # dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    #查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    #

    #删除：

    #models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    #更新

    #models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    # obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    # for i in obj:

    #     print(i.username)

    #

    return HttpResponse('orm')

# from django.views import View

#

# class Home(View):

#     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

#         print('before')#kkkk

#         result=super(Home,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

#         print('after')

#         return result

#

#     def get(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

#     def post(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

templates/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 0;overflow: auto">

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body >

    <form action="/cmdb/login/" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

        <p>

            <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用户名">

        </p>

        <p>

            <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码">

        </p>

        <input type="submit" value="提交">

    </form>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body {

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu {

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

</div>

<div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

    </div>

</div>

<div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

    <h3>添加用户</h3>

    <form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

        <input type="text" name="user"/>

        <input type="text" name="pwd"/>

        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>

    </form>

    <h3>用户列表</h3>

    <ul>

        {% for row in user_list %}

            <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }} </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/useredit-{{ row.id }}/"> 编辑 </a>

            </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h1>用户详细信息</h1>

        <h2>{{ obj.id }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.name }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.password }}</h2>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_edit.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>编辑用户</h1>

    <form method="post" action="/cmdb/useredit-{{ obj.id }}/">

    <input style="display: none" type="text" name="id" value="{{ obj.id }}" />

    <input type="text" name="username" value="{{ obj.username }}" />

    <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ obj.password }}" />

    <input type="submit" name="提交" >

    </form>

</body>

</html>

19周 16章   Django 字段类型介绍

字符串、数字、时间、二进制、自增

# Create your models here.

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    #gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

    test=models.EmailField(max_length=20,null=True)

更新表：

password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

make manage.py makemigrations

make manage.py migrate

增加表：

1、

email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

 1) Provide a one-off default now (will be set on all existing rows with a null value for this column)

 2) Quit, and let me add a default in models.py

Select an option: 1

Please enter the default value now, as valid Python

The datetime and django.utils.timezone modules are available, so you can do e.g. timezone.now

Type 'exit' to exit this prompt

Invalid input: name 'jack' is not defined

>>> 'bob'

make manage.py makemigrations

make manage.py migrate

然后关掉软件，重新打开才生效。

2、、

gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

   make manage.py makemigrations

   make manage.py migrate

删除表：

#gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

make manage.py makemigrations

   make manage.py migrate

自增：

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

19周 17章：Django ORM字段参数介绍： 这些都是在Django admin里面使用

    null                数据库中字段是否可以为空

    db_column           数据库中字段的列名

    db_tablespace

    default             数据库中字段的默认值

    primary_key         数据库中字段是否为主键

    db_index            数据库中字段是否可以建立索引

    unique              数据库中字段是否可以建立唯一索引

    unique_for_date     数据库中字段【日期】部分是否可以建立唯一索引

    unique_for_month    数据库中字段【月】部分是否可以建立唯一索引

    unique_for_year     数据库中字段【年】部分是否可以建立唯一索引

    verbose_name        Admin中显示的字段名称

    blank               Admin中是否允许用户输入为空   

            username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,verbose_name='用户名')

    editable            Admin中是否可以编辑

    help_text           Admin中该字段的提示信息

    choices             Admin中显示选择框的内容，用不变动的数据放在内存中从而避免跨表操作

                        如：gf = models.IntegerField(choices=[(0, '何穗'),(1, '大表姐'),],default=1)

    error_messages      自定义错误信息（字典类型），从而定制想要显示的错误信息；

                        字典健：null, blank, invalid, invalid_choice, unique, and unique_for_date

                        如：{'null': "不能为空.", 'invalid': '格式错误'}

    validators          自定义错误验证（列表类型），从而定制想要的验证规则

    auto_now

        uptime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,null=True)

        自动更新时间:

        错误方式;

        obj=UserGroup.objects.filter(id=1).update(caption='CEO')

        正确方式;

        obj=UserGroup.objects.filter(id=1).first()

            obj.caption="CEO"

            obj.save()

     choices  :用在admin

               user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

          user_type_choice=(

            (1,'超级用户'),

            (2,'白金客户'),

            (3,'普通客户'),

        )

            user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

19周 18章：Django ORM外键操作

外键的意思：

主要作用就是把两个数据库表连接起来，比如把员工组表、员工信息表给连接起来

注意python3.7外键的变化：

user_group=models.ForeignKey("UserGroup",to_field='uid',default=1,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

注意：怎么取里面的值

row.user_group 是个对象

user_list=Userinfo.object.all()

for row in user_list:

    print(row.user_group_id) = print(row.user_group.uid)

        print(row.user_group.caption)

<ul>

            {% for row in user_list %}

                <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }}</a>

                <span>{{ row.user_group.caption }}</span>

                </li>

            {% endfor %}

</ul>

实例：接之前的，变动的如下：

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

    ctime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)

    uptime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,null=True)

    #username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    #gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

    test=models.EmailField(max_length=20,null=True)

    username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,verbose_name='用户名')

    user_group=models.ForeignKey("UserGroup",to_field='uid',default=1,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    user_type_choice=(

        (1,'超级用户'),

        (2,'白金客户'),

        (3,'普通客户'),

    )

    user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

templates/user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body {

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu {

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

</div>

<div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

    </div>

</div>

<div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

    <h3>添加用户</h3>

    <form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

        <input type="text" name="user"/>

        <input type="text" name="pwd"/>

        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>

    </form>

    <h3>用户列表</h3>

    <ul>

        {% for row in user_list %}

            <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }} </a> |

                <span>{{ row.user_group.caption }}</span>

            <a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/useredit-{{ row.id }}/"> 编辑 </a>

            </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</div>

</body>

</html>

第19章/urls.py

"""第19章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.conf.urls import url,include

import urllib

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    url(r'^userdel-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_del,),

    url(r'^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_edit,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

19周 19章：  外键实现增加用户（含select标签）

注意下面多个是这么写：弄得好苦

return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list,"group_list":group_list})

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

from django.shortcuts import redirect

from app01 import models

import urllib

# Create your views here.

# USER_DICT={

#     'k1':'root1',

#     'k2':'root2',

#     'k3':'root3',

#     'k4':'root4',

# }

USER_DICT={

    '1':{'name':'root1','email':'root@123.com'},

    '2':{'name':'root2','email':'root@123.com'},

    '3':{'name':'root3','email':'root@123.com'},

    '4':{'name':'root4','email':'root@123.com'}

}

def index(request):

    return render(request,'index.html')

def user_info(request):

    if request.method=="GET":

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        group_list=models.UserGroup.objects.all()

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list,"group_list":group_list})

    elif request.method=="POST":

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=u,password=p)

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #print(user_list.query)

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

def user_del(request,nid):

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()

    return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')

def user_edit(request,nid):

    if request.method=='GET':

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

        return render(request,'user_edit.html',{'obj':obj})

    elif request.method=='POST':

        nid=request.POST.get('id')

        u=request.POST.get('username')

        p=request.POST.get('password')

        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(username=u,password=p)

        return redirect('/cmdb/user_detail/')

def user_detail(request,nid):

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

    return render(request,'user_detail.html',{'obj':obj})

def login(request):

    #models.UserGroup.objects.create(caption='DBA')

    if request.method=="GET":

        return render(request,'login.html')

    elif request.method=="POST":

        #数据库中执行 select 判断用户名和密码是否中确

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        #count=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).count() 也可以，但是不经常用

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).first()

        #print(obj)

        #下面意思：如果obj为真

        if obj:

            return redirect('/cmdb/index/')

        else:

            return render(request,'login.html')

    else:

        return redirect('/index/')

def orm(request):

    #创建

    #models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    # obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    # obj.save()

    # dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    #查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(

        username='root1',

        password=123,

        email='123@.com',

        test='ceshi',

        user_group_id=1,

    )

    #删除：

    #models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    #更新

    #models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    # obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    # for i in obj:

    #     print(i.username)

    #

    return HttpResponse('orm')

# from django.views import View

#

# class Home(View):

#     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

#         print('before')#kkkk

#         result=super(Home,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

#         print('after')

#         return result

#

#     def get(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

#     def post(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

    ctime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)

    uptime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,null=True)

    #username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    #gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

    test=models.EmailField(max_length=20,null=True)

    username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,verbose_name='用户名')

    user_group=models.ForeignKey("UserGroup",to_field='uid',default=1,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    user_type_choice=(

        (1,'超级用户'),

        (2,'白金客户'),

        (3,'普通客户'),

    )

    user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

app01/urls.py

"""第19章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.conf.urls import url,include

import urllib

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    url(r'^userdel-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_del,),

    url(r'^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_edit,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

templates/user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body {

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu {

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

</div>

<div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

    </div>

</div>

<div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

    <h3>添加用户</h3>

    <form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

        <input type="text" name="user"/>

        <input type="text" name="pwd"/>

        <select name="group_id">

            {% for item in group_list %}

                <option value="{{ item.uid }}">{{ item.caption }}</option>

            {% endfor %}

        </select>

        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>

    </form>

    <h3>用户列表</h3>

    <ul>

        {% for row in user_list %}

            <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }} </a> |

                <span>{{ row.user_group.caption }}</span>

            <a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/useredit-{{ row.id }}/"> 编辑 </a>

            </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</div>

</body>

</html>

templates/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 0;overflow: auto">

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body >

    <form action="/cmdb/login/" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

        <p>

            <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用户名">

        </p>

        <p>

            <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码">

        </p>

        <input type="submit" value="提交">

    </form>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h1>用户详细信息</h1>

        <h2>{{ obj.id }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.name }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.password }}</h2>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_edit.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>编辑用户</h1>

    <form method="post" action="/cmdb/useredit-{{ obj.id }}/">

    <input style="display: none" type="text" name="id" value="{{ obj.id }}" />

    <input type="text" name="username" value="{{ obj.username }}" />

    <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ obj.password }}" />

    <input type="submit" name="提交" >

    </form>

</body>

</html>

访问：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/cmdb/user_info/

第20章 03节  Django 一对多创建介绍

第20章 04节  Django 创建  一对多表结构

1、先创建一个工程

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Business(models.Model):

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=32)

class Host(models.Model):

    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    hostname=models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)

    ip=models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="both",max_length=32,db_index=True)

    port=models.IntegerField()

    b=models.ForeignKey(to="Business",to_field='id',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

第20章-05    获取单表数据的三种方式

models.Business.objects.all()

是个对象

models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

#[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

#[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

第20章/settings.py

"""

Django settings for 第20章 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.3.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = 'u#@z=2@*h^sph5$uqwo+gwgml#ivnq&l@b7-9jg8ve@pmv4z_6'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'app01',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

]

ROOT_URLCONF = '第20章.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

WSGI_APPLICATION = '第20章.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

    }

}

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS=(

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),

)

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Business(models.Model):

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    code=models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True)

class Host(models.Model):

    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    hostname=models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)

    ip=models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="both",max_length=32,db_index=True)

    port=models.IntegerField()

    b=models.ForeignKey(to="Business",to_field='id',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

第20章/urls.py

"""第20章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

    #path('business/', views.business,),

    url(r'^business/$', views.business,),

]

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 对象是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 对象是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

templates/business.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>业务线列表(对象)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v1 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} - {{ row.code }}</li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(字典)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v2 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(元组)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v3 %}

        <li>{{ row.0 }} - {{ row.1 }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</body>

</html>

第20章-06    一对多跨表操作

实例接上面：

第20章/settings.py

"""

Django settings for 第20章 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.3.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = 'u#@z=2@*h^sph5$uqwo+gwgml#ivnq&l@b7-9jg8ve@pmv4z_6'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'app01',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

]

ROOT_URLCONF = '第20章.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

WSGI_APPLICATION = '第20章.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

    }

}

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS=(

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),

)

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Business(models.Model):

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    code=models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True)

class Host(models.Model):

    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    hostname=models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)

    ip=models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="both",max_length=32,db_index=True)

    port=models.IntegerField()

    b=models.ForeignKey(to="Business",to_field='id',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

第20章/urls.py

"""第20章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

    #path('business/', views.business,),

    url(r'^business/$', views.business,),

    url(r'^host/$', views.host,),

]

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

def host(request):

    v1=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)

    return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1})

templates/business.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>业务线列表(对象)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v1 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} - {{ row.code }}</li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(字典)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v2 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(元组)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v3 %}

        <li>{{ row.0 }} - {{ row.1 }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</body>

</html>

templates/host.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>业务线列表</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

                <th>端口</th>

                <th>业务线名称</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v1 %}

            <tr ht_d="{{ row.nid }}" b_id="{{ row.b.id }}">

                <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        </tbody>

    </table>

</body>

</html>

第20周-07  一对多块表操作的三种方式

接上面：

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.id,row.caption)

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['id'],row['caption'])

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

def host(request):

    v1=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.nid,row.hostname)

    v2=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['nid'],row['hostname'],row['b_id'])

    v3=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v3:

    #     print(row[0],row[1])

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

    return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

templates/host.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>主机列表（列表）</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

                <th>端口</th>

                <th>业务线名称</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v1 %}

            <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

                <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        <tbody>

    </table>

    <h1>主机列表（字典）</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

                <th>端口</th>

                <th>业务线名称</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v1 %}

            <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

                <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        <tbody>

    </table>

    <h1>业务线列表*（元组）</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v3 %}

            <tr ht-d="{{ row.0 }}" b-id="{{ row.2 }}">

                <th>{{ row.1 }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.3 }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        <tbody>

    </table>

</body>

</html>

第20周-09 增加一对多数据示例;  --添加主机--用模态对话框演示：

接上面：

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.id,row.caption)

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['id'],row['caption'])

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

def host(request):

    if request.method=='GET':

        b_list=models.Business.objects.all()

    elif request.method=='POST':

        h=request.POST.get('hostname')

        i=request.POST.get('ip')

        p=request.POST.get('port')

        b=request.POST.get('b_id')

        models.Host.objects.create(hostname=h,ip=i,port=p,b_id=b)

        return redirect('/host/')

    v1=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.nid,row.hostname)

    v2=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['nid'],row['hostname'],row['b_id'])

    v3=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v3:

    #     print(row[0],row[1])

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

    return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3,'b_list':b_list})

templates/host.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        .hide {

            display: none;

        }

        .shade {

            position: fixed;

            top: 0;

            left: 0;

            right: 0;

            bottom: 0;

            background: black;

            opacity: 0.6;

            z-index: 100;

        }

        .add-modal {

            position: fixed;

            height: 300px;

            width: 400px;

            top: 100px;

            left: 50%;

            z-index: 101;

            border: 1px solid red;

            background: white;

            margin-left: -200px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<h1>主机列表（列表）</h1>

<div>

    <input id="add_host" type="button" value="添加">

</div>

<table border="1">

    <thead>

    <tr>

        <th>序号</th>

        <th>主机名</th>

        <th>ip地址</th>

        <th>端口</th>

        <th>业务线名称</th>

    </tr>

    </thead>

    <tbody>

    {% for row in v1 %}

        <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

            <th>{{ forloop.counter }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

        </tr>

    {% endfor %}

    <tbody>

</table>

<h1>主机列表（字典）</h1>

<table border="1">

    <thead>

    <tr>

        <th>主机名</th>

        <th>ip地址</th>

        <th>端口</th>

        <th>业务线名称</th>

    </tr>

    </thead>

    <tbody>

    {% for row in v1 %}

        <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

            <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

        </tr>

    {% endfor %}

    <tbody>

</table>

<h1>主机列表*（元组）</h1>

<table border="1">

    <thead>

    <tr>

        <th>主机名</th>

        <th>ip地址</th>

    </tr>

    </thead>

    <tbody>

    {% for row in v3 %}

        <tr ht-d="{{ row.0 }}" b-id="{{ row.2 }}">

            <th>{{ row.1 }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.3 }}</th>

        </tr>

    {% endfor %}

    <tbody>

</table>

<div class="shade hide"></div>

<div class="add-modal hide">

    <form method="post" action="/host/">

        <div class="group">

            <input type="text" placeholder="主机名" name="hostname">

        </div>

        <div class="group">

            <input type="text" placeholder="IP" name="ip">

        </div>

        <div class="group">

            <input type="text" placeholder="端口" name="port">

        </div>

        <div class="group">

            <select name="b_id">

                {% for op in b_list %}

                <option value="{{ op.id }}">{{ op.caption }}</option>

                {% endfor %}

            </select >

            <input type="submit" value="提交">

            <input id="cancle" type="button" value="取消">

        </div>

    </form>

</div>

<script src="/static/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script>

<script>

    $(function () {

        $('#add_host').click(function () {

            $('.add-modal,.shade').removeClass('hide');

        });

        $('#cancle').click(function(){

            $('.add-modal,.shade').addClass('hide');

        })

    })

</script>

</body>

</html>

19周 11章  django ORM基本创建类型以及生成数据库结构

类型：

dbfirst  :通过数据库创建类

codefirst:先创建类 再创建数据库 --最常用

ORM的意思: 通过类创建数据库

创建类

1、根据类自动创建书记库表

   配置 app下的model.py

2、根据类对数据库表中的数据进行各种操作

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=64)

执行命令：

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

默认链接 sqlite  如果要链接myaql 需要进行配置：

前提：需要创建mysql表

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

    'NAME':'dbname',

    'USER': 'root',

    'PASSWORD': 'xxx',

    'HOST': '',

    'PORT': '',

    }

}

models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=64)

19周 12章  django ORM使用mysql 注意：

需要先修改pymysql：在project同名文件夹的__init__文件中添加如下代码：

import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySql()

19周 13章   django ORM  基本操作 增、删、改、查

1、先导入模块

from app01 import models

    创建

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    obj.save()

    dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    拿到的是一个对象，而且是名字、密码都一样的第一个

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).first()

    取对象中的某一个数据

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3).first()

    print(obj.username)

    拿到的是一个列表，而且是名字、密码都一样的多个

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p)

    循环拿列表中的某一个数据：

def orm(request):

obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    for i in obj:

        print(i.username)

    return HttpResponse('orm')

    删除：

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    更新

    models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=1).update(password=999

第19章\urls.py

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^cmdb/',include("app01.urls")),

    url(r'^monitor/',include("app02.urls")),

    ]

app01\views.py

from app01 import models

def orm(request):

    创建

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    obj.save()

    dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    删除：

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    更新

    models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=1).update(password=999

第19章 14节 基于ORM实现用户登录：

报错问题：

1、访问页面没有内容，返回200错误，说明肯定是html里面的内容写错了

2、ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)     

   这个错误说明：obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()  这个里面没有写“id=” 

   或者：{'obj':obj}  这个写错了  

   总之是括号里面的少个东西

3、url一定要写成这样格式，否则很容易报错

   url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

过程：

app01/urls.py

"""第19章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

from django.shortcuts import redirect

import urllib

# Create your views here.

# USER_DICT={

#     'k1':'root1',

#     'k2':'root2',

#     'k3':'root3',

#     'k4':'root4',

# }

USER_DICT={

    '1':{'name':'root1','email':'root@123.com'},

    '2':{'name':'root2','email':'root@123.com'},

    '3':{'name':'root3','email':'root@123.com'},

    '4':{'name':'root4','email':'root@123.com'}

}

def index(request):

    return render(request,'index.html')

def user_info(request):

    user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #print(user_list.query)

    return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

def user_detail(request,nid):

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

    return render(request,'user_detail.html',{'obj':obj})

def login(request):

    if request.method=="GET":

        return render(request,'login.html')

    elif request.method=="POST":

        #数据库中执行 select 判断用户名和密码是否中确

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        #count=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).count() 也可以，但是不经常用

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u, password=p).first()

        #print(obj)

        #下面意思：如果obj为真

        if obj:

            return redirect('/cmdb/index/')

        else:

            return render(request,'login.html')

    else:

        return redirect('/index/')

from app01 import models

def orm(request):

    #创建

    #models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    # obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    # obj.save()

    # dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    #查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    #

    #删除：

    #models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    #更新

    #models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    # obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    # for i in obj:

    #     print(i.username)

    #

    return HttpResponse('orm')

# from django.views import View

#

# class Home(View):

#     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

#         print('before')#kkkk

#         result=super(Home,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

#         print('after')

#         return result

#

#     def get(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

#     def post(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

templates/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body >

    <form action="/cmdb/login/" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

        <p>

            <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用户名">

        </p>

        <p>

            <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码">

        </p>

        <input type="submit" value="提交">

    </form>

</body>

</html>

templates/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 0;overflow: auto">

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h3>用户列表</h3>

        <ul>

            {% for row in user_list %}

                <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }}</a></li>

            {% endfor %}

        </ul>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h1>用户详细信息</h1>

        <h2>{{ obj.id }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.name }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.password }}</h2>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

19周-15章python基于 Django 基于ORM实现用户增加、删除、修改、查看

models.Business.objects.all()

是个对象

models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

#[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

#[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

1、

注意：method="post"  一定要写。一定是小写  否则报错

<form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

2、

注意href和action、return redirect三个的区分，容易混淆

这是做的跳转：

<a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a> 

这是提交的当前的页面:

<form method="post" action="/cmdb/useredit-{{ obj.id }}/">

这个不加html

return redirect用法：不加html

return redirect('/cmdb/index/'）

3、

根据id删除用户的瞬间跳转到当前页面

<a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a>

def user_del(request,nid):

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()

    return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')

4、

注意不成功的话  重新打开一个页面试试

5、

注意：<input type="text" name="id" value="1"/>    value的意思是可以在输入框中显示出来id

style="display: none"

6、

注意form表单里面action路径 一定要和 url里面的保持一致，否则报错，

例如：

href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}

url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

app01/urls.py

"""第19章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    url(r'^userdel-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_del,),

    url(r'^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_edit,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

from django.shortcuts import redirect

from app01 import models

import urllib

# Create your views here.

# USER_DICT={

#     'k1':'root1',

#     'k2':'root2',

#     'k3':'root3',

#     'k4':'root4',

# }

USER_DICT={

    '1':{'name':'root1','email':'root@123.com'},

    '2':{'name':'root2','email':'root@123.com'},

    '3':{'name':'root3','email':'root@123.com'},

    '4':{'name':'root4','email':'root@123.com'}

}

def index(request):

    return render(request,'index.html')

def user_info(request):

    if request.method=="GET":

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

    elif request.method=="POST":

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=u,password=p)

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #print(user_list.query)

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

def user_del(request,nid):

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()

    return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')

def user_edit(request,nid):

    if request.method=='GET':

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

        return render(request,'user_edit.html',{'obj':obj})

    elif request.method=='POST':

        nid=request.POST.get('id')

        u=request.POST.get('username')

        p=request.POST.get('password')

        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(username=u,password=p)

        return redirect('/cmdb/user_detail/')

def user_detail(request,nid):

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

    return render(request,'user_detail.html',{'obj':obj})

def login(request):

    #models.UserGroup.objects.create(caption='DBA')

    if request.method=="GET":

        return render(request,'login.html')

    elif request.method=="POST":

        #数据库中执行 select 判断用户名和密码是否中确

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        #count=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).count() 也可以，但是不经常用

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).first()

        #print(obj)

        #下面意思：如果obj为真

        if obj:

            return redirect('/cmdb/index/')

        else:

            return render(request,'login.html')

    else:

        return redirect('/index/')

def orm(request):

    #创建

    #models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    # obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    # obj.save()

    # dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    #查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    #

    #删除：

    #models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    #更新

    #models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    # obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    # for i in obj:

    #     print(i.username)

    #

    return HttpResponse('orm')

# from django.views import View

#

# class Home(View):

#     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

#         print('before')#kkkk

#         result=super(Home,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

#         print('after')

#         return result

#

#     def get(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

#     def post(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

templates/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 0;overflow: auto">

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body >

    <form action="/cmdb/login/" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

        <p>

            <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用户名">

        </p>

        <p>

            <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码">

        </p>

        <input type="submit" value="提交">

    </form>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body {

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu {

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

</div>

<div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

    </div>

</div>

<div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

    <h3>添加用户</h3>

    <form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

        <input type="text" name="user"/>

        <input type="text" name="pwd"/>

        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>

    </form>

    <h3>用户列表</h3>

    <ul>

        {% for row in user_list %}

            <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }} </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/useredit-{{ row.id }}/"> 编辑 </a>

            </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h1>用户详细信息</h1>

        <h2>{{ obj.id }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.name }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.password }}</h2>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_edit.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>编辑用户</h1>

    <form method="post" action="/cmdb/useredit-{{ obj.id }}/">

    <input style="display: none" type="text" name="id" value="{{ obj.id }}" />

    <input type="text" name="username" value="{{ obj.username }}" />

    <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ obj.password }}" />

    <input type="submit" name="提交" >

    </form>

</body>

</html>

19周 16章   Django 字段类型介绍

字符串、数字、时间、二进制、自增

# Create your models here.

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    #gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

    test=models.EmailField(max_length=20,null=True)

更新表：

password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

make manage.py makemigrations

make manage.py migrate

增加表：

1、

email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

 1) Provide a one-off default now (will be set on all existing rows with a null value for this column)

 2) Quit, and let me add a default in models.py

Select an option: 1

Please enter the default value now, as valid Python

The datetime and django.utils.timezone modules are available, so you can do e.g. timezone.now

Type 'exit' to exit this prompt

Invalid input: name 'jack' is not defined

>>> 'bob'

make manage.py makemigrations

make manage.py migrate

然后关掉软件，重新打开才生效。

2、、

gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

   make manage.py makemigrations

   make manage.py migrate

删除表：

#gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

make manage.py makemigrations

   make manage.py migrate

自增：

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

19周 17章：Django ORM字段参数介绍： 这些都是在Django admin里面使用

    null                数据库中字段是否可以为空

    db_column           数据库中字段的列名

    db_tablespace

    default             数据库中字段的默认值

    primary_key         数据库中字段是否为主键

    db_index            数据库中字段是否可以建立索引

    unique              数据库中字段是否可以建立唯一索引

    unique_for_date     数据库中字段【日期】部分是否可以建立唯一索引

    unique_for_month    数据库中字段【月】部分是否可以建立唯一索引

    unique_for_year     数据库中字段【年】部分是否可以建立唯一索引

    verbose_name        Admin中显示的字段名称

    blank               Admin中是否允许用户输入为空   

            username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,verbose_name='用户名')

    editable            Admin中是否可以编辑

    help_text           Admin中该字段的提示信息

    choices             Admin中显示选择框的内容，用不变动的数据放在内存中从而避免跨表操作

                        如：gf = models.IntegerField(choices=[(0, '何穗'),(1, '大表姐'),],default=1)

    error_messages      自定义错误信息（字典类型），从而定制想要显示的错误信息；

                        字典健：null, blank, invalid, invalid_choice, unique, and unique_for_date

                        如：{'null': "不能为空.", 'invalid': '格式错误'}

    validators          自定义错误验证（列表类型），从而定制想要的验证规则

    auto_now

        uptime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,null=True)

        自动更新时间:

        错误方式;

        obj=UserGroup.objects.filter(id=1).update(caption='CEO')

        正确方式;

        obj=UserGroup.objects.filter(id=1).first()

            obj.caption="CEO"

            obj.save()

     choices  :用在admin

               user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

          user_type_choice=(

            (1,'超级用户'),

            (2,'白金客户'),

            (3,'普通客户'),

        )

            user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

19周 18章：Django ORM外键操作

外键的意思：

主要作用就是把两个数据库表连接起来，比如把员工组表、员工信息表给连接起来

注意python3.7外键的变化：

user_group=models.ForeignKey("UserGroup",to_field='uid',default=1,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

注意：怎么取里面的值

row.user_group 是个对象

user_list=Userinfo.object.all()

for row in user_list:

    print(row.user_group_id) = print(row.user_group.uid)

        print(row.user_group.caption)

<ul>

            {% for row in user_list %}

                <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }}</a>

                <span>{{ row.user_group.caption }}</span>

                </li>

            {% endfor %}

</ul>

实例：接之前的，变动的如下：

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

    ctime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)

    uptime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,null=True)

    #username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    #gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

    test=models.EmailField(max_length=20,null=True)

    username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,verbose_name='用户名')

    user_group=models.ForeignKey("UserGroup",to_field='uid',default=1,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    user_type_choice=(

        (1,'超级用户'),

        (2,'白金客户'),

        (3,'普通客户'),

    )

    user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

templates/user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body {

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu {

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

</div>

<div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

    </div>

</div>

<div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

    <h3>添加用户</h3>

    <form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

        <input type="text" name="user"/>

        <input type="text" name="pwd"/>

        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>

    </form>

    <h3>用户列表</h3>

    <ul>

        {% for row in user_list %}

            <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }} </a> |

                <span>{{ row.user_group.caption }}</span>

            <a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/useredit-{{ row.id }}/"> 编辑 </a>

            </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</div>

</body>

</html>

第19章/urls.py

"""第19章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.conf.urls import url,include

import urllib

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    url(r'^userdel-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_del,),

    url(r'^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_edit,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

19周 19章：  外键实现增加用户（含select标签）

注意下面多个是这么写：弄得好苦

return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list,"group_list":group_list})

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

from django.shortcuts import redirect

from app01 import models

import urllib

# Create your views here.

# USER_DICT={

#     'k1':'root1',

#     'k2':'root2',

#     'k3':'root3',

#     'k4':'root4',

# }

USER_DICT={

    '1':{'name':'root1','email':'root@123.com'},

    '2':{'name':'root2','email':'root@123.com'},

    '3':{'name':'root3','email':'root@123.com'},

    '4':{'name':'root4','email':'root@123.com'}

}

def index(request):

    return render(request,'index.html')

def user_info(request):

    if request.method=="GET":

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        group_list=models.UserGroup.objects.all()

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list,"group_list":group_list})

    elif request.method=="POST":

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=u,password=p)

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #print(user_list.query)

        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list})

def user_del(request,nid):

    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()

    return redirect('/cmdb/user_info/')

def user_edit(request,nid):

    if request.method=='GET':

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

        return render(request,'user_edit.html',{'obj':obj})

    elif request.method=='POST':

        nid=request.POST.get('id')

        u=request.POST.get('username')

        p=request.POST.get('password')

        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(username=u,password=p)

        return redirect('/cmdb/user_detail/')

def user_detail(request,nid):

    obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

    return render(request,'user_detail.html',{'obj':obj})

def login(request):

    #models.UserGroup.objects.create(caption='DBA')

    if request.method=="GET":

        return render(request,'login.html')

    elif request.method=="POST":

        #数据库中执行 select 判断用户名和密码是否中确

        u=request.POST.get('user')

        p=request.POST.get('pwd')

        #count=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).count() 也可以，但是不经常用

        obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=u,password=p).first()

        #print(obj)

        #下面意思：如果obj为真

        if obj:

            return redirect('/cmdb/index/')

        else:

            return render(request,'login.html')

    else:

        return redirect('/index/')

def orm(request):

    #创建

    #models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root',password='123',)

    # obj=models.UserInfo(username='bob',password='456')

    # obj.save()

    # dic={'username':'jack','password':'789'}

    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(dic)

    #查

    result=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

    #result=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='root',password=999)

    models.UserInfo.objects.create(

        username='root1',

        password=123,

        email='123@.com',

        test='ceshi',

        user_group_id=1,

    )

    #删除：

    #models.UserInfo.objects.filter().delete()

    #更新

    #models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=888)

    # obj=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=3)

    # for i in obj:

    #     print(i.username)

    #

    return HttpResponse('orm')

# from django.views import View

#

# class Home(View):

#     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

#         print('before')#kkkk

#         result=super(Home,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

#         print('after')

#         return result

#

#     def get(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

#     def post(self,request):

#         print(request.method)

#         return render(request,'home.html')

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class UserGroup(models.Model):

    uid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=50)

    ctime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)

    uptime=models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,null=True)

    #username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)

class UserInfo(models.Model):

    #自动创建 id列  自增主键

    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    password=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    email=models.CharField(max_length=60)

    #gender=models.CharField(max_length=60,null=True)

    test=models.EmailField(max_length=20,null=True)

    username=models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,verbose_name='用户名')

    user_group=models.ForeignKey("UserGroup",to_field='uid',default=1,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    user_type_choice=(

        (1,'超级用户'),

        (2,'白金客户'),

        (3,'普通客户'),

    )

    user_type_id=models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choice,default=1)

app01/urls.py

"""第19章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.conf.urls import url,include

import urllib

urlpatterns = [

    path('login/', views.login),

    path('index/', views.index,),

    path('user_info/', views.user_info,),

    url(r'^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_detail,),

    url(r'^userdel-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_del,),

    url(r'^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.user_edit,),

    path('orm/', views.orm),

    ]

templates/user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body {

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu {

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

</div>

<div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

        <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

    </div>

</div>

<div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

    <h3>添加用户</h3>

    <form action="/cmdb/user_info/" method="post">

        <input type="text" name="user"/>

        <input type="text" name="pwd"/>

        <select name="group_id">

            {% for item in group_list %}

                <option value="{{ item.uid }}">{{ item.caption }}</option>

            {% endfor %}

        </select>

        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>

    </form>

    <h3>用户列表</h3>

    <ul>

        {% for row in user_list %}

            <li><a href="/cmdb/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }} </a> |

                <span>{{ row.user_group.caption }}</span>

            <a href="/cmdb/userdel-{{ row.id }}/"> 删除 </a> |

            <a href="/cmdb/useredit-{{ row.id }}/"> 编辑 </a>

            </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</div>

</body>

</html>

templates/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 0;overflow: auto">

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body >

    <form action="/cmdb/login/" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

        <p>

            <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用户名">

        </p>

        <p>

            <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码">

        </p>

        <input type="submit" value="提交">

    </form>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        body{

            margin: 0;

        }

        .menu{

            display: block;

            padding: 5px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white">

    欢迎到来

    </div>

    <div>

        <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: aquamarine">

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_info/">用户管理</a>

            <a class="menu" href="/cmdb/user_group/">用户组管理</a>

        </div>

    </div>

    <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 210px;width: 700px;overflow: auto;background-color: antiquewhite">

        <h1>用户详细信息</h1>

        <h2>{{ obj.id }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.name }}</h2>

        <h2>{{ obj.password }}</h2>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

templates/user_edit.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>编辑用户</h1>

    <form method="post" action="/cmdb/useredit-{{ obj.id }}/">

    <input style="display: none" type="text" name="id" value="{{ obj.id }}" />

    <input type="text" name="username" value="{{ obj.username }}" />

    <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ obj.password }}" />

    <input type="submit" name="提交" >

    </form>

</body>

</html>

访问：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/cmdb/user_info/

第20章 03节  Django 一对多创建介绍

第20章 04节  Django 创建  一对多表结构

1、先创建一个工程

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Business(models.Model):

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=32)

class Host(models.Model):

    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    hostname=models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)

    ip=models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="both",max_length=32,db_index=True)

    port=models.IntegerField()

    b=models.ForeignKey(to="Business",to_field='id',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

第20章-05    获取单表数据的三种方式

models.Business.objects.all()

是个对象

models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

#[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

#[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

第20章/settings.py

"""

Django settings for 第20章 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.3.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = 'u#@z=2@*h^sph5$uqwo+gwgml#ivnq&l@b7-9jg8ve@pmv4z_6'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'app01',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

]

ROOT_URLCONF = '第20章.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

WSGI_APPLICATION = '第20章.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

    }

}

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS=(

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),

)

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Business(models.Model):

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    code=models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True)

class Host(models.Model):

    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    hostname=models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)

    ip=models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="both",max_length=32,db_index=True)

    port=models.IntegerField()

    b=models.ForeignKey(to="Business",to_field='id',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

第20章/urls.py

"""第20章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

    #path('business/', views.business,),

    url(r'^business/$', views.business,),

]

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 对象是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 对象是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

templates/business.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>业务线列表(对象)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v1 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} - {{ row.code }}</li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(字典)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v2 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(元组)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v3 %}

        <li>{{ row.0 }} - {{ row.1 }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</body>

</html>

第20章-06    一对多跨表操作

实例接上面：

第20章/settings.py

"""

Django settings for 第20章 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.3.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = 'u#@z=2@*h^sph5$uqwo+gwgml#ivnq&l@b7-9jg8ve@pmv4z_6'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'app01',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

]

ROOT_URLCONF = '第20章.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

WSGI_APPLICATION = '第20章.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

    }

}

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS=(

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),

)

app01/models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Business(models.Model):

    caption=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    code=models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True)

class Host(models.Model):

    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

    hostname=models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)

    ip=models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="both",max_length=32,db_index=True)

    port=models.IntegerField()

    b=models.ForeignKey(to="Business",to_field='id',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

第20章/urls.py

"""第20章 URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

from app01 import views

from django.conf.urls import url

urlpatterns = [

    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

    #path('business/', views.business,),

    url(r'^business/$', views.business,),

    url(r'^host/$', views.host,),

]

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

def host(request):

    v1=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)

    return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1})

templates/business.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>业务线列表(对象)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v1 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} - {{ row.code }}</li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(字典)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v2 %}

        <li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

    <h1>业务线列表(元组)</h1>

    <ul>

        {% for row in v3 %}

        <li>{{ row.0 }} - {{ row.1 }} </li>

        {% endfor %}

    </ul>

</body>

</html>

templates/host.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>业务线列表</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

                <th>端口</th>

                <th>业务线名称</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v1 %}

            <tr ht_d="{{ row.nid }}" b_id="{{ row.b.id }}">

                <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        </tbody>

    </table>

</body>

</html>

第20周-07  一对多块表操作的三种方式

接上面：

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.id,row.caption)

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['id'],row['caption'])

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

def host(request):

    v1=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.nid,row.hostname)

    v2=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['nid'],row['hostname'],row['b_id'])

    v3=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v3:

    #     print(row[0],row[1])

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

    return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

templates/host.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>主机列表（列表）</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

                <th>端口</th>

                <th>业务线名称</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v1 %}

            <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

                <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        <tbody>

    </table>

    <h1>主机列表（字典）</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

                <th>端口</th>

                <th>业务线名称</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v1 %}

            <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

                <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        <tbody>

    </table>

    <h1>业务线列表*（元组）</h1>

    <table border="1">

        <thead>

            <tr>

                <th>主机名</th>

                <th>ip地址</th>

            </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for row in v3 %}

            <tr ht-d="{{ row.0 }}" b-id="{{ row.2 }}">

                <th>{{ row.1 }}</th>

                <th>{{ row.3 }}</th>

            </tr>

            {% endfor %}

        <tbody>

    </table>

</body>

</html>

第20周-09 增加一对多数据示例;  --添加主机--用模态对话框演示：

接上面：

app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect

# Create your views here.

from app01 import models

def business(request):

    v1=models.Business.objects.all()

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.id,row.caption)

    v2=models.Business.objects.values('id','caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['id'],row['caption'])

    #[{'id':'1','caption':'运维','code':'sa'}] values 是个字典

    v3=models.Business.objects.values_list('id','caption')

    #[（1，运维）,(2,市场)]  values_list 是个元组

    return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

def host(request):

    if request.method=='GET':

        b_list=models.Business.objects.all()

    elif request.method=='POST':

        h=request.POST.get('hostname')

        i=request.POST.get('ip')

        p=request.POST.get('port')

        b=request.POST.get('b_id')

        models.Host.objects.create(hostname=h,ip=i,port=p,b_id=b)

        return redirect('/host/')

    v1=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0)

    # for row in v1:

    #     print(row.nid,row.hostname)

    v2=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v2:

    #     print(row['nid'],row['hostname'],row['b_id'])

    v3=models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')

    # for row in v3:

    #     print(row[0],row[1])

    #return HttpResponse('ok')

    return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3,'b_list':b_list})

templates/host.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <style>

        .hide {

            display: none;

        }

        .shade {

            position: fixed;

            top: 0;

            left: 0;

            right: 0;

            bottom: 0;

            background: black;

            opacity: 0.6;

            z-index: 100;

        }

        .add-modal {

            position: fixed;

            height: 300px;

            width: 400px;

            top: 100px;

            left: 50%;

            z-index: 101;

            border: 1px solid red;

            background: white;

            margin-left: -200px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<h1>主机列表（列表）</h1>

<div>

    <input id="add_host" type="button" value="添加">

</div>

<table border="1">

    <thead>

    <tr>

        <th>序号</th>

        <th>主机名</th>

        <th>ip地址</th>

        <th>端口</th>

        <th>业务线名称</th>

    </tr>

    </thead>

    <tbody>

    {% for row in v1 %}

        <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

            <th>{{ forloop.counter }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

        </tr>

    {% endfor %}

    <tbody>

</table>

<h1>主机列表（字典）</h1>

<table border="1">

    <thead>

    <tr>

        <th>主机名</th>

        <th>ip地址</th>

        <th>端口</th>

        <th>业务线名称</th>

    </tr>

    </thead>

    <tbody>

    {% for row in v1 %}

        <tr ht-d="{{ row.nid }}" b-id="{{ row.b.id }}">

            <th>{{ row.hostname }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.ip }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.port }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.b.caption }}</th>

        </tr>

    {% endfor %}

    <tbody>

</table>

<h1>主机列表*（元组）</h1>

<table border="1">

    <thead>

    <tr>

        <th>主机名</th>

        <th>ip地址</th>

    </tr>

    </thead>

    <tbody>

    {% for row in v3 %}

        <tr ht-d="{{ row.0 }}" b-id="{{ row.2 }}">

            <th>{{ row.1 }}</th>

            <th>{{ row.3 }}</th>

        </tr>

    {% endfor %}

    <tbody>

</table>

<div class="shade hide"></div>

<div class="add-modal hide">

    <form method="post" action="/host/">

        <div class="group">

            <input type="text" placeholder="主机名" name="hostname">

        </div>

        <div class="group">

            <input type="text" placeholder="IP" name="ip">

        </div>

        <div class="group">

            <input type="text" placeholder="端口" name="port">

        </div>

        <div class="group">

            <select name="b_id">

                {% for op in b_list %}

                <option value="{{ op.id }}">{{ op.caption }}</option>

                {% endfor %}

            </select >

            <input type="submit" value="提交">

            <input id="cancle" type="button" value="取消">

        </div>

    </form>

</div>

<script src="/static/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script>

<script>

    $(function () {

        $('#add_host').click(function () {

            $('.add-modal,.shade').removeClass('hide');

        });

        $('#cancle').click(function(){

            $('.add-modal,.shade').addClass('hide');

        })

    })

</script>

</body>

</html>