目录

• scrapy 爬取股票
  • stock.py
  • item.py:
  • middlewares.py:
  • pip:
  • settings.py:
  • main.py
  • scrapy.cfg
  • 问题：

scrapy 爬取股票

stock.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from items import StockstarItem, StockstarItemLoader


class StockSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'stock'
    allowed_domains = ['quote.stockstar.com']
    start_urls = ['http://quote.stockstar.com/stock/ranklist_a_3_1_1.html']

    def parse(self, response):
        page = int(response.url.split("_")[-1].split(".")[0])
        item_nodes = response.css('#datalist tr')

        for item_node in item_nodes:
            item_loader = StockstarItemLoader(item=StockstarItem(), selector=item_node)
            item_loader.add_css("code", "td:nth-child(1) a::text")
            item_loader.add_css("abbr", "td:nth-child(2) a::text")
            item_loader.add_css("last_trade", "td:nth-child(3) span::text")
            item_loader.add_css("chg_ratio", "td:nth-child(4) span::text")
            item_loader.add_css("chg_amt", "td:nth-child(5) span::text")
            item_loader.add_css("chg_ratio_5min", "td:nth-child(6) span::text")
            item_loader.add_css("volumn", "td:nth-child(7)::text")
            item_loader.add_css("turn_over", "td:nth-child(8)::text")
            stock_item = item_loader.load_item()
            yield stock_item

        if item_nodes:
            next_page = page + 1
            next_url = response.url.replace("{0}.html".format(page), "{0}.html".format(next_page))
            yield scrapy.Request(url=next_url, callback=self.parse)

item.py:

import scrapy
from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
from scrapy.loader.processors import TakeFirst


class StockstarItemLoader(ItemLoader):
    #自定义itemloader
    default_output_processor = TakeFirst()

class StockstarItem(scrapy.Item):
    code = scrapy.Field()  # 股票代码
    abbr = scrapy.Field()  # 股票简称
    last_trade = scrapy.Field()  # 最新价
    chg_ratio = scrapy.Field()   # 涨跌幅
    chg_amt = scrapy.Field()     # 涨跌额
    chg_ratio_5min = scrapy.Field() # 5分钟涨幅
    volumn = scrapy.Field()  # 成交量
    turn_over = scrapy.Field()  # 成交额

middlewares.py:

from scrapy import signals


class StockstarSpiderMiddleware(object):
    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        s = cls()
        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        return s

    def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
        return None

    def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
        for i in result:
            yield i

    def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
        pass

    def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
        for r in start_requests:
            yield r

    def spider_opened(self, spider):
        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)

pip:

class StockstarPipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        return item

settings.py:

from scrapy.exporters import JsonLinesItemExporter

# 默认显示的中文是阅读性较差的Unicode字符
# 需要定义子类显示出原来的字符集(将父类的ensure_ascii属性设置为False即可)
class CustomJsonLinesItemExporter(JsonLinesItemExporter):
    def __init__(self, file, **kwargs):
        super(CustomJsonLinesItemExporter, self).__init__(file, ensure_ascii=False, **kwargs)

# 启用新定义的Exporter类
FEED_EXPORTERS = {
    'json': 'stockstar.settings.CustomJsonLinesItemExporter',
}

BOT_NAME = 'stockstar'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['stockstar.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'stockstar.spiders'

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

main.py

from scrapy.cmdline import execute

execute(["scrapy", "crawl", "stock", "-o", "items.json"])

scrapy.cfg

[settings]
default = stockstar.settings

[deploy]
#url = http://localhost:6800/
project = stockstar

问题：

编码问题：

    import requests
    url = 'https://cdn.heweather.com/china-city-list.txt'
    response = requests.get(url)
    response.encoding='utf8'
    data = response.text
    data_1 = data.split('\r')
    print(data_1)
    # 去除前3行
    for i in range(3):
        data_1.remove(data_1[0])
     # 提取每行的字符串索引
    for item in data_1:
        print(item[0:11])