封装一个简单的Http请求工具类，主要方便设置代理请求，无需额外框架
1、需要引入的jar包
<!-- 简化代码getter setter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- 阿里的json工具包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.68</version>
</dependency>
<!-- http请求工具 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
<version>4.4.13</version>
</dependency>
2、测试需要的实体类
package com.ourlang.httphelper.util;
import lombok.Data;
/**
* 测试post\get请求传递json数据实体类
*
* @author ourlang
*/
@Data
public class User {
private Integer ID;
private String Name;
}
3、 代码实现
package com.ourlang.httphelper.util;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.*;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* http请求工具封装
*
* @author ourlang
*/
public class HttpHelper {
/**
* 发起GET同步请求
*
* @param uri 请求的url地址
* @param headers 请求头参数map
* @param parameters 请求参数map
* @return 请求的结果字符串
*/
public static String get(String uri, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> parameters) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
//封装get请求的参数
StringBuilder urlParameters = addGetParameters(parameters);
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri + urlParameters);
return getResultStr(headers, httpClient, httpGet);
}
/**
* 发起PUT同步请求
*
* @param uri 请求的url地址
* @param headers 请求头参数map
* @param parameters 请求参数map
* @return 请求的结果字符串
*/
public static String put(String uri, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> parameters, String jsonStr) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(uri);
addParameters(httpPut, parameters, jsonStr);
return getResultStr(headers, httpClient, httpPut);
}
/**
* 发起POST同步请求
*
* @param uri 请求的url地址
* @param headers 请求头参数map
* @param parameters 请求参数map
* @return 请求的结果字符串
*/
public static String post(String uri, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> parameters, String jsonStr) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uri);
addParameters(httpPost, parameters, jsonStr);
return getResultStr(headers, httpClient, httpPost);
}
/**
* 发起DELETE请求
*
* @param uri 请求的url地址
* @param headers 请求头参数map
* @param parameters 请求参数map
* @return 请求的结果字符串
*/
public static String delete(String uri, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> parameters) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
//封装get请求的参数
StringBuilder urlParameters = addGetParameters(parameters);
HttpDelete httpDelete = new HttpDelete(uri + urlParameters);
return getResultStr(headers, httpClient, httpDelete);
}
/**
* 添加get请求的参数
*
* @param parameters 请求参数的map
* @return StringBuilder
*/
private static StringBuilder addGetParameters(Map<String, String> parameters) {
StringBuilder urlParameters = new StringBuilder();
urlParameters.append("?");
for (String key : parameters.keySet()) {
String value = parameters.get(key);
urlParameters.append(key).append("=").append(value).append("&");
}
return urlParameters;
}
/**
* 设置请求头参数
*
* @param headers 请求头map集合
* @param httpRequest http请求对象
*/
private static void setHeaders(Map<String, String> headers, HttpRequestBase httpRequest) {
if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
String value = headers.get(key);
httpRequest.setHeader(key, value);
}
}
}
/**
* POST、GET请求的参数添加方式
*
* @param parameters 需要添加到请求参数的map集合
* @param postPutRequest post或者get请求对象
* @param jsonStr 请求json参数
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 传递参数引发的异常
*/
private static void addParameters(HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase postPutRequest, Map<String, String> parameters, String jsonStr) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(jsonStr)) {
postPutRequest.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
postPutRequest.setEntity(new StringEntity(jsonStr, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
} else {
// 1、构造list集合，往里面存请求的数据
List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (String key : parameters.keySet()) {
String value = parameters.get(key);
BasicNameValuePair basicNameValuePair = new BasicNameValuePair(key, value);
list.add(basicNameValuePair);
}
//2 我们发现Entity是一个接口，所以只能找实现类，发现实现类又需要一个集合，集合的泛型是NameValuePair类型
UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list);
//3 通过setEntity 将我们的entity对象传递过去
postPutRequest.setEntity(formEntity);
}
}
/**
* 获取请求的返回结果字符串
*
* @param headers 请求头map集合
* @param httpClient htt请求对象
* @param httpRequest 请求的http方式对象
* @return 请求结果字符串
*/
private static String getResultStr(Map<String, String> headers, CloseableHttpClient httpClient, HttpRequestBase httpRequest) {
String body = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response;
//设置请求头的参数
setHeaders(headers, httpRequest);
try {
//执行请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpRequest);
//请求成功执行
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
//获取返回的数据
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
//转换成字符串
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return body;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Map<String, String> parameters = new HashMap<>(16);
User data = new User();
data.setID(9);
data.setName("我的姓名");
String ps = JSON.toJSONString(data);
String s = put("http://192.168.0.101:7777/pathway/dictionary/patient/attribute/definition", null, parameters, ps);
System.out.println(s);
}
}
4、源码下载
https://github.com/ourlang/httphelper