Java&Selenium自动化测试之数据驱动

2023-01-03 13:49:26

一、摘要

本片博文以四个方式展示自动化测试的数据驱动，数组、CSV、Excel、Mysql

二、TestNG&Csv&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

public class TestNGCsvDriven {

    public WebDriver driver;

    String baseUrl = "http://www.sogou.com";

    //使用注解DataProvider将数据集合命名为“csvTestData”

    @DataProvider(name = "csvTestData")

    public static Object[][]words() throws IOException{

        //调用类中的静态方法getTestData，获取CSV文件的测试数据

        return getTestData("F:\\TestNGWithDataDriven\\dataDriven\\src\\test\\java\\testData\\testData.csv");

    }

    @BeforeMethod

    public void beforeMethod(){

        driver = new ChromeDriver();

    }

    @Test(dataProvider = "csvTestData")

    public void testSearch(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String searchResult){

        driver.get(baseUrl+"/");

        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2);

        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();

        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(searchResult));

    }

    @AfterMethod

    public void afterMethod(){

        driver.quit();

    }

    //读取CSV文件的静态方法，使用CSV文件的绝对文件路径作为函数参数

    public static Object[][] getTestData(String fileName) throws IOException{

        List<Object[]> records = new ArrayList<Object[]>();

        String record;

        //设定UTF-8字符集，使用带缓冲区的字符输入流BufferedRead读取文件内容

        BufferedReader file = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(fileName), "GBK"));

        //忽略读取CSV文件的标题行

        file.readLine();

        /** 遍历读取文件中除去第一行外的其他所有内容

         * 并存储在名人records的ArrayList中

         * 每一个records中存储的对象为一个String数组

         */

        while ((record=file.readLine())!=null){

            String fields[]=record.split(",");

            records.add(fields);

        }

        //关闭文件对象

        file.close();

        //定义函数返值, 即Object[][]

        //将存储测试数据的list转换为一个Object的二维数组

        Object[][] results = new Object[records.size()][];

        //设置二维数组每行的值，每行是一个Object对象

        for (int i = 0; i<records.size(); i++){

            results[i] = records.get(i);

        }

        return results;

    }

}

三、TestNG&DB&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.sql.*;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class TestNGDBDriven {

    public WebDriver driver;

    String baseUrl = "http://www.sogou.com";

    @DataProvider(name="testdata")

    public static Object[][] words() throws IOException{

        return getTestData("testdata");

    }

    @Test(dataProvider = "testdata")

    public void testSearch(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String searchResult){

        driver.get(baseUrl + "/");

        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2);

        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();

        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(searchResult));

    }

    @BeforeMethod

    public void beforeMethod(){

        driver = new ChromeDriver();

    }

    @AfterMethod

    private void afterMethod(){

        driver.quit();

    }

    public static Object[][] getTestData(String tablename) throws IOException{

        //声明Mysql数据库的驱动

        String dbDriver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";

        String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testng?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTC";

        String user = "root";

        String password = "root";

        //声明存储测试数据的List对象

        List<Object[]> records = new ArrayList<Object[]>();

        try{

            //设定驱动

            Class.forName(dbDriver);

            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);

            if (!conn.isClosed())

                System.out.println("连接数据库成功");

            //创建statement对象

            Statement statement = conn.createStatement();

            //拼接sql语句

            String sql = String.format("Select * from %s", tablename);

            //声明结果集对象rs，用于存储执行sql语句返回的数据结果集

            ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);

            //声明一个ResultSetMetaData对象

            ResultSetMetaData rsMetaData = rs.getMetaData();

            //调用ResultSetMetaData对象的getColumnCount方法获取数据行的列数

            int cols = rsMetaData.getColumnCount();

            /**使用next方法遍历数据结果集中的所有数据行*/

            while (rs.next()){

                //声明一个字符串型数组，数组大小使用数据行的列个数进行声明

                String fields[] = new String[cols];

                int col = 0;

                //遍历所有数据行中的所有数据，并存储在字符串数组中

                for (int colIdx = 0; colIdx<cols; colIdx++){

                    fields[col] = rs.getString(colIdx+1);

                    col++;

                }

                //将每一行的数据存储到字符串数组后，存储到records中

                records.add(fields);

                //输出数据行中的前三列内容，用于验证数据库内容是否正确读取

                System.out.println(rs.getString(1)+" "+rs.getString(2)+" "+rs.getString(3));

            }

            //关闭数据结果集对象

            rs.close();

            //关闭数据库连接

            conn.close();

        }catch (ClassNotFoundException e){

            System.out.println("未能找到Mysql的驱动类");

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (Exception e){

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        //定义函数返回值,即Object[][]

        //将存储测试数据的list转换为一个Object的二维数组

        Object[][] results = new Object[records.size()][];

        //设置二维数组每行的值，每行是一个Object对象

        for (int i = 0; i<records.size(); i++){

            results[i] = records.get(i);

        }

        return results;

    }

}

四、TestNG&Array&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TestNGDriven {

    private static WebDriver driver;

    @DataProvider(name="searchWords")

    public static Object[][] words(){

        return new Object[][]{{"蝙蝠侠","主演","迈克尔"},{"超人","导演","唐纳"},{"生化危机","编剧","安德森"}};

    }

    @Test(dataProvider = "searchWords")

    public void test(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String SearchResult){

        driver = new ChromeDriver();

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        driver.get("http://www.sogou.com");

        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2);

        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();

        try{

            Thread.sleep(3000);

        }catch (InterruptedException e){

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(SearchResult));

        driver.quit();

    }

}

五、TestNG&Excel&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class TestNGExcelDriven {

    public WebDriver driver;

    String baseUrl = "http://www.sogou.com";

    @DataProvider(name="testData")

    public static Object[][] words() throws IOException{

        return getTestData("F:\\TestNGWithDataDriven\\dataDriven\\src\\test\\java\\testData", "testData.xlsx", "Sheet1");

    }

    @Test(dataProvider = "testData")

    public void testSearchExcel(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String searchWord3, String searchResult){

        driver.get(baseUrl + "/");

        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2+" "+searchWord3);

        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();

        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(searchResult));

    }

    @BeforeMethod

    public void beforeMethod(){

        driver = new ChromeDriver();

    }

    @AfterMethod

    private void afterMethod(){

        driver.quit();

    }

    public static Object[][] getTestData(String filePath, String fileName, String sheetName) throws IOException{

        File file = new File(filePath + "\\" + fileName);

        //创建FileInputStream对象用于读取Excel文件

        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);

        //声明Workbook对象

        Workbook workbook = null;

        //获取文件名参数的扩展名，判断是.xlsx文件还是.xls文件

        String fileExtensionName = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("."));

        //如果是.xlsx,则用XSSFWorkbook对象进行实例化，如果是.xls则使用HSSFWorkbook对象进行实例化

        if (fileExtensionName.equals(".xlsx")){

            workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);

        }

        else if (fileExtensionName.equals(".xls")) {

            workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);

        }

        //通过sheetName参数生成Sheet对象

        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);

        //获取Excel数据文件Sheet1中数据的行数，getLastRowNum方法获取数据的最后一行行号

        //getFirstRowNum方法获取数据的第一行行号，相减之后算出数据的行数

        //Excel行和列都是从0开始

        int rowCount = sheet.getLastRowNum()-sheet.getFirstRowNum();

        //创建名为records的list对象来存储从Excel数据文件读取的数据

        List<Object[]> records = new ArrayList<Object[]>();

        //使用两个for循环遍历Excel数据文件除去第一行外所有数据

        //所以i从1开始，而不是从0开始

        for (int i = 1; i<rowCount+1; i++){

            Row row = sheet.getRow(i);

            //声明一个数组，用来存储Excel数据文件每行中的数据，数组的大小用getLastCellNum办法来进行动态声明，实现测试数据个数和数组大小相一致

            String fields[] = new String[row.getLastCellNum()];

            for (int j = 0; j<row.getLastCellNum();j++){

                //调用getCell和getStringCellValue方法获取Excel文件中的单元格数据

                fields[j] = row.getCell(j).getStringCellValue();

            }

            //将fields的数据兑现存储到records的list中

            records.add(fields);

        }

        //定义函数返回值，即Object[][]

        //将存储测试数据的list转换为一个Object的二维数组

        Object[][] results = new Object[records.size()][];

        //设置二维数组每行的值，每行是一个Object对象

        for (int i = 0; i<records.size(); i++){

            results[i] = records.get(i);

        }

        return results;

    }

}

码农公寓

一、摘要

二、TestNG&Csv&Driven

三、TestNG&DB&Driven

四、TestNG&Array&Driven

五、TestNG&Excel&Driven

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