最近使用阿里云服务器，学习一下Docker，今天学着使用Docker安装MySQL。
首先，从阿里云的Docker Hub 上pull一个MySQL的image.
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from acs-sample/mysql
d4bce7fd68df: Pull complete
a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete
01588229585e: Pull complete
ada32b818a1a: Pull complete
ac7528e308ac: Pull complete
44e3fb8779c7: Pull complete
bfcca86efc6a: Pull complete
32da415dff2e: Pull complete
aae6d9712a36: Pull complete
3148136ce9cc: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:32ff2f404c3bd199aaec2e6d19d91d59673e40d7394732124f91dd72a2e1ed97
Status: Downloaded newer image for registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7
查看下载镜像，就会看到已经有了
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
test/ubuntu v1. 523e7db0e264 minutes ago .3MB
ubuntu latest dd6f76d9cc90 days ago 122MB
hello-world latest 725dcfab7d63 days ago .84kB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql 5.7 ec7e75e5260c months ago 360MB
名字太长，修改为短的tag
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7 mysql:5.7
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
test/ubuntu v1. 523e7db0e264 minutes ago .3MB
ubuntu latest dd6f76d9cc90 days ago 122MB
hello-world latest 725dcfab7d63 days ago .84kB
mysql 5.7 ec7e75e5260c months ago 360MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql 5.7 ec7e75e5260c months ago 360MB
根据镜像创建容器
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker create -it mysql:5.7
62c975b37ad25b03914eb61e05088019f37ff9cb049a682ac02f20fac1761a4d
启动MySQL容器
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p : mysql:5.7
2a7a85124400be6fd47e0d97cf5d602456b1db1a11c6331747fe662481eea537
[centos@loovelj~]$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2a7a85124400 mysql:5.7 "/entrypoint.sh my..." seconds ago Up seconds 0.0.0.0:->/tcp mysqlserver
188099665d1e ubuntu:latest "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours angry_spence
进入MySQL终端
[centos@liujun ~]$ docker exec -it 2a7a85124400 /bin/bash
root@2a7a85124400:/# mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7. MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
3.访问Mysql数据库
由于我们在上面使用了-p参数映射了容器的3306端口到宿主机的3306端口，此时我们可以直接访问宿主机的3306端口来访问Docker中的mysql服务
mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p
其中，mysql 报错，我就在本机重新安装mysql，参照阿里云教程。
但是启动mysql时报错
[root@loovelj support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [FAILED]cal/mysql/data/liujun.pid).
经过查询，发现已经有一个运行的mysql。关闭后再重启
[root@liujun support-files]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root : pts/ :: grep --color=auto mysqld
[root@liujun support-files]# kill -
bash: kill: () - No such process
[root@liujun support-files]# kill -
Killed
[root@liujun mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.
再执行mysql时，发现还是报错，查询原因是启动项不在/usr/bin下面。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin 做个链接即可
后来发现环境变量修改了，但是好像没有保存好，mysqladmin 命令还是不能用，所以又重新保存环境变量
[centos@liujun ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile #PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin
#添加以下列
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
#:wq 保存退出
[centos@liujun ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile
再次运行（第二天再次尝试的，上次的容器已经退出了）docker run
[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p : mysql:5.7
0cc2009d1d367903a0d4e47a6e69af1bc41e409e194a231b6dd1193cc27bf716
docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint mysqlserver (4e7ecdbc87918be626ac8920214ed76386784c83b572f5cd5d3ff0d46d453bb6): Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp 0.0.0.0:: bind: address already in use.
发现已经存在这个容器，只好删除了重新建立容器
[centos@liujun ~]$ docker rm mysqlserver
mysqlserver
[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p : mysql:5.7
9455dbd9c9128e51eee84c29d356fb5dff8d31762179ec2585c563ead08ad413
按照教程，通过mysql 远程连接就好了，但是说端口已经占有，估计是自己的mysql打开了，关闭本机的mysql
[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p : mysql:5.7
0cc2009d1d367903a0d4e47a6e69af1bc41e409e194a231b6dd1193cc27bf716
docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint mysqlserver
(4e7ecdbc87918be626ac8920214ed76386784c83b572f5cd5d3ff0d46d453bb6): Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp 0.0.0.0:: bind: address already in use.
[centos@liujun ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
[sudo] password for centos:
sudo: /etc/init.d/mysql: command not found
[centos@liujun ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
最后再执行连接
[centos@liujun ~]$ mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7. MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
成功！
参考：
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7f2ac7b70102vpyl.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/xiohao/p/5377609.html
https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/50774.html
关于IP的设置
https://severalnines.com/blog/mysql-docker-containers-understanding-basics