Hibernate框架技术相信对大多数的 java 程序员并不陌生,数据表之间的关系如何通过Hibernate来建立,需要我们认真的分析数据表中数据项之间的交互;
数据库表的之间的关系有:
(1)一对多(1:n)(班级:学生)
(2)多对多 (m:n)(订单;商品)
(3)一对一 (1:1)用的 比较少 合并到 一个 表就可以达到需求
今天首先研究一下啊
表的一对多关系
Demo :实现t_user(用户表) 和 t_orders(订单表)的双向一对多关系的建表实现 {测试例:保存一个用户 user 包含多个 orders的用户 }
程序所有的 jar和 dtd:
数据库结构图:
)A:创建 两个 实体:让两个实体之间互相的引用##
User实体:注意 颜色文档
package store_entity;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* 用户类 实体类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String nickname;
private String email;// 激活邮件地址
private String role;
private int state;// 激活的状态
private String activecode;// 激活码
private Timestamp updatetime;// 时期的时间戳 private Set<Orders> orders;//用户 下的 订单集合
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getNickname() {
return nickname;
}
public void setNickname(String nickname) {
this.nickname = nickname;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getRole() {
return role;
}
public void setRole(String role) {
this.role = role;
}
public int getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(int state) {
this.state = state;
}
public String getActivecode() {
return activecode;
}
public void setActivecode(String activecode) {
this.activecode = activecode;
}
public Timestamp getUpdatetime() {
return updatetime;
}
public void setUpdatetime(Timestamp updatetime) {
this.updatetime = updatetime;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password="
+ password + ", nickname=" + nickname + ", email=" + email
+ ", role=" + role + ", state=" + state + ", activecode="
+ activecode + ", updatetime=" + updatetime + "]";
}
public Set<Orders> getOrders() {
return orders;
}
public void setOrders(Set<Orders> orders) {
this.orders = orders;
} }
Orders实体类 :注意颜色 文本
package store_entity; import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.Set; /**
*
* 订单 实体类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class Orders { private String id;//数据库 需要 自己 手动 添加
private String receiverinfo;//收获地址
private int paystate;//付款 状态
private Timestamp ordertime;//订单创建 时间
private User user;//下单 用户 id private Set<OrderItem> set; public Set<OrderItem> getSet() {
return set;
}
public void setSet(Set<OrderItem> set) {
this.set = set;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getReceiverinfo() {
return receiverinfo;
}
public void setReceiverinfo(String receiverinfo) {
this.receiverinfo = receiverinfo;
}
public int getPaystate() {
return paystate;
}
public void setPaystate(int paystate) {
this.paystate = paystate;
}
public Timestamp getOrdertime() {
return ordertime;
}
public void setOrdertime(Timestamp ordertime) {
this.ordertime = ordertime;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Orders [id=" + id + ", receiverinfo=" + receiverinfo
+ ", paystate=" + paystate + ", ordertime=" + ordertime
+ ", user=" + user + ", set=" + set + "]";
} }
)B 配置映射文件
hibernate.cfg.xml (Hibernate配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置连接数据库的信息 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///Estore</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<!-- 配置hibernate的信息 可选 -->
<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- 数据库方言 -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 输出底层sql语句 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 输出底层sql语句格式化 -->
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- hibernate创建表的策略 update: 没有就创建,不一个就更新 -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- 将映射文件配置到核心文件中 -->
<mapping resource="store_entity/User.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="store_entity/Orders.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
User.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<!--
class标记
name="实体类的全路径"
table=数据库表名
-->
<class name="store_entity.User" table="t_user">
<!-- id 表示主键
hibernate要求实体类有一个属性为主键
-->
<id name="id" column="user_id">
<!-- 主键的生成策略
native:生成的表id为自增长的,它可以兼容多种数据库
-->
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<!-- 非主键列
name:实体类中的属性名
column:表的列名
-->
<property name="username" column="name" ></property>
<property name="password" column="password" ></property>
<property name="nickname" column="nickname" ></property>
<property name="email" column="email" ></property>
<property name="role" column="role" ></property>
<property name="state" column="state" ></property>
<property name="activecode" column="activecode" ></property>
<property name="updatetime" column="updatetime" type="timestamp"></property> <!--外界关系 设置 -->
<!--
使用set标签表示所有联系人
name:实体类中set集合的名字
cascade=save-update 级联保存和更新
-->
<set name="orders" cascade="save-update,delete" inverse="true">
<!-- column:外键列的名称 -->
<key column="user_id"></key>
<!-- 包含外键列的表所对应的实体类 -->
<one-to-many class="store_entity.Orders" ></one-to-many>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Orders.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<!--
class标记
name="实体类的全路径"
table=数据库表名
-->
<class name="store_entity.Orders" table="t_orders">
<!-- id 表示主键
hibernate要求实体类有一个属性为主键
-->
<id name="id" column="order_id">
</id>
<property name="receiverinfo" column="receiverinfo" ></property>
<property name="paystate" column="paystate" ></property>
<property name="ordertime" column="ordertime" type="timestamp" ></property>
<!-- 外键设置 -->
<many-to-one name="user" class="store_entity.User" column="user_id"></many-to-one>
<!-- 单项 一对多 -->
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
)C 测试类编写:
package store_utils;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import store_entity.Orders;
import store_entity.User;
public class HibernateUtils {
private static SessionFactory factory=null;
static{
//1 加载配置文件(核心配置文件)
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
//2 创建一个SessionFactory
factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory(){
return factory;
}
public static Session getCurrentSession(){
return factory.getCurrentSession();
}
public static Session getSession(){
return factory.openSession();
}
public static void main(String args[]){
//测试 存储 用户 和 订单
User user =new User();
user.setUsername("狗爷2");
user.setNickname("sss");
user.setEmail("7168@qq.com");
user.setPassword("1111");
user.setRole("1");
Set<Orders> set=new HashSet<Orders>();
Orders o1=new Orders();
o1.setId("1112");
o1.setPaystate(0);
o1.setReceiverinfo("水果w");
o1.setUser(user);
set.add(o1);
user.setOrders(set);
Session session =null;
Transaction ts = null;
try{
session = HibernateUtils.getCurrentSession();
ts = session.beginTransaction();
session.save(user);
ts.commit();//事务提交
System.out.println("ddddd");
}
catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
ts.rollback();
}
}
} 测试结果:
col输出: