CentOS 6.4安装配置ldap

2022-12-28 07:15:51

CentOS 6.5安装配置ldap

时间:2015-07-14 00:54来源:blog.51cto.com 作者:“ly36843运维” 博客举报点击:274次

一.安装ldap

[root@dev ~]# yum install openldap openldap-* -y

[root@dev ~]# yum install nscd nss-pam-ldapd nss-* pcre pcre-* -y

二.配置ldap

[root@dev ~]# cd /etc/openldap/

[root@dev openldap]# ll

total 16

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 13 20:10 certs

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 282 Jun 21 17:19 ldap.conf

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 13 20:10 schema

drwx------ 3 ldap ldap 4096 Jul 13 20:10 slapd.d

复制配置文件

[root@dev openldap]# cp /usr/share/openldap-servers/slapd.conf.obsolete slapd.conf

[root@dev openldap]# cp slapd.conf slapd.conf_`date +%Y%m%d`.bak

设置ldap管理员密码

[root@dev openldap]# slappasswd -s weyee

{SSHA}4zVLzQItaa9wp00xF7oSynhPPNKfGyJ1

[root@dev openldap]# slappasswd -s weyee |sed -e "s#{SSHA}#rootpw\t{SSHA}#g" >>/etc/openldap/slapd.conf #设置密码是weyee

[root@dev openldap]# tail -1 /etc/openldap/slapd.conf

rootpw {SSHA}6jZP4UfMlMfN0XKPch70R5+TiRCV+yT7

修改dc配置

[root@dev openldap]# vim /etc/openldap/slapd.conf

#以下参数大概在114行

database bdb #使用bdb数据库

suffix "dc=dev,dc=com" #定义dc，指定搜索的域

rootdn "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" #定义管理员的dn，使用这个dn能登陆openldap

优化ldap配置参数

[root@dev openldap]# vim /etc/openldap/slapd.conf

loglevel 296 #定义日志级别

cachesize 1000 #换成条目数

checkpoint 2048 10 #表示内存中达到2048k或者10分钟，执行一次checkpoint，即写入数据文件的操作

配置相关权限

[root@dev openldap]# vim /etc/openldap/slapd.conf

#删除默认权限，将下面的内容都删除

database config

access to *

by dn.exact="gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth" manage

by * none

# enable server status monitoring (cn=monitor)

database monitor

access to *

by dn.exact="gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth" read

by dn.exact="cn=Manager,dc=my-domain,dc=com" read

by * none

#添加新的权限(这是2.3的权限设置方式)

access to *

by self write

by anonymous auth

by * read

配置syslog记录ldap的服务日志

[root@dev openldap]# cp /etc/rsyslog.conf /etc/rsyslog.conf_`date +%Y%m%d`.bak

#往配置文件中增加如下内容

[root@dev openldap]# tail -1 /etc/rsyslog.conf

local4.* /var/log/ldap.log

#重启rsyslog服务

[root@dev openldap]# /etc/init.d/rsyslog restart

Shutting down system logger: [ OK ]

Starting system logger: [ OK ]

配置ldap数据库路径

#创建数据文件

[root@dev openldap]# cp /usr/share/openldap-servers/DB_CONFIG.example /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG

[root@dev openldap]# chown ldap.ldap /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG

[root@dev openldap]# chmod 700 /var/lib/ldap/

[root@dev openldap]# ll /var/lib/ldap/

total 4

-rw-r--r-- 1 ldap ldap 845 Jul 13 21:05 DB_CONFIG

[root@dev openldap]# egrep -v "\#|^$" /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG

set_cachesize 0 268435456 1

set_lg_regionmax 262144

set_lg_bsize 2097152

[root@dev openldap]# slaptest -u #检查配置文件是否正常

config file testing succeeded

ldap最后的完整配置如下

[root@dev openldap]# egrep -v "\#|^$" /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG

set_cachesize 0 268435456 1

set_lg_regionmax 262144

set_lg_bsize 2097152

[root@dev openldap]# slaptest -u

config file testing succeeded

[root@dev openldap]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/openldap/slapd.conf

include /etc/openldap/schema/corba.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/core.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/duaconf.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/dyngroup.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/java.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/misc.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/openldap.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/ppolicy.schema

include /etc/openldap/schema/collective.schema

allow bind_v2

pidfile /var/run/openldap/slapd.pid

argsfile /var/run/openldap/slapd.args

TLSCACertificatePath /etc/openldap/certs

TLSCertificateFile "\"OpenLDAP Server\""

TLSCertificateKeyFile /etc/openldap/certs/password

access to *

by self write

by anonymous auth

by * read

database bdb

suffix "dc=dev,dc=com"

checkpoint 1024 15

rootdn "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com"

directory /var/lib/ldap

index objectClass eq,pres

index ou,cn,mail,surname,givenname eq,pres,sub

index uidNumber,gidNumber,loginShell eq,pres

index uid,memberUid eq,pres,sub

index nisMapName,nisMapEntry eq,pres,sub

rootpw {SSHA}6jZP4UfMlMfN0XKPch70R5+TiRCV+yT7

loglevel 296

cachesize 1000

checkpoint 2048 10

三.启动ldap服务

[root@dev ~]# /etc/init.d/slapd start

Starting slapd: [ OK ]

[root@dev ~]# ps aux |grep ldap

ldap 2012 0.3 1.9 490532 19656 ? Ssl 21:13 0:00 /usr/sbin/slapd -h ldap:/// ldapi:/// -u ldap

root 2018 0.0 0.0 103248 872 pts/0 S+ 21:14 0:00 grep ldap

[root@dev ~]# netstat -tunlp |grep slapd

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:389                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2012

/slapd

tcp        0      0 :::389                      :::*                        LISTEN      2012

/slapd #普通端口389，加密后的是689

#添加到开机自启动

[root@dev ~]# chkconfig slapd on

#查看日志文件

[root@dev ~]# tail /var/log/ldap.log

Jul 13 21:14:00 dev slapd[2011]: @(

#) $OpenLDAP: slapd 2.4.39 (Oct 15 2014 09:51:43) $#012#011mockbuild@c6b8.bsys.dev.centos.org:/builddir/build/BUILD/openldap-2.4.39/openldap-2.4.39/build-servers/servers/slapd

查询一下ldap的内容

[root@dev ~]# ldapsearch -LLL -W -x -H ldap://dev.com -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -b "dc=dev,dc=com" "(uid=*)"

Enter LDAP Password:

ldap_bind: Invalid credentials (49) #这里报错

#解决如下，删除默认2.4的配置文件，重新生成2.3的配置文件

[root@dev ~]# rm -rf /etc/openldap/slapd.d/*

[root@dev ~]# slaptest -f /etc/openldap/slapd.conf -F /etc/openldap/slapd.d/

55a3bf76 bdb_monitor_db_open: monitoring disabled; configure monitor database to enable

config file testing succeeded [ OK ]

[root@dev ~]# ll /etc/openldap/slapd.d/

total 8

drwxr-x--- 3 root root 4096 Jul 13 21:39 cn=config

-rw------- 1 root root 1302 Jul 13 21:39 cn=config.ldif

#重启服务

[root@dev ~]# /etc/init.d/slapd restart

Stopping slapd: [ OK ]

Checking configuration files for slapd: [FAILED]

55a3bfd6 ldif_read_file: Permission denied for "/etc/openldap/slapd.d/cn=config.ldif"

slaptest: bad configuration file!

[root@dev ~]# chown -R ldap.ldap /etc/openldap/slapd.d

[root@dev ~]# /etc/init.d/slapd restart

Stopping slapd: [FAILED]

Starting slapd: [ OK ]

[root@dev ~]# netstat -tunlp |grep slapd

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:389                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      5906

/slapd

tcp        0      0 :::389                      :::*                        LISTEN      5906

/slapd

#再重新查询ldap内容

[root@dev ~]# ldapsearch -LLL -W -x -H ldap://dev.com -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -b "dc=dev,dc=com" "(uid=*)"

Enter LDAP Password: #密码是上文中的weyee

No such object (32) #ldap中还没有任何数据

附上2个脚本

添加本地存在用户到目录服务

#脚本内容

[root@dev ~]# cat ldapuser.sh

###### ldapuser script start ######

# extract local users who have 500-999 digit UID

# replace "SUFFIX=***" to your own suffix

# this is an example

#!/bin/bash

SUFFIX='dc=dev,dc=com'

LDIF='ldapuser.ldif'

echo -n > $LDIF

for line in `grep "x:[5-9][0-9][0-9]:" /etc/passwd | sed -e "s/ /%/g"`

do

UID1=`echo $line | cut -d: -f1`

NAME=`echo $line | cut -d: -f5 | cut -d, -f1`

if [ ! "$NAME" ]

then

NAME=$UID1

else

NAME=`echo $NAME | sed -e "s/%/ /g"`

fi

SN=`echo $NAME | awk '{print $2}'`

if [ ! "$SN" ]

then

SN=$NAME

fi

GIVEN=`echo $NAME | awk '{print $1}'`

UID2=`echo $line | cut -d: -f3`

GID=`echo $line | cut -d: -f4`

PASS=`grep $UID1: /etc/shadow | cut -d: -f2`

SHELL=`echo $line | cut -d: -f7`

HOME=`echo $line | cut -d: -f6`

EXPIRE=`passwd -S $UID1 | awk '{print $7}'`

FLAG=`grep $UID1: /etc/shadow | cut -d: -f9`

if [ ! "$FLAG" ]

then

FLAG="0"

fi

WARN=`passwd -S $UID1 | awk '{print $6}'`

MIN=`passwd -S $UID1 | awk '{print $4}'`

MAX=`passwd -S $UID1 | awk '{print $5}'`

LAST=`grep $UID1: /etc/shadow | cut -d: -f3`

echo "dn: uid=$UID1,ou=people,$SUFFIX" >> $LDIF

echo "objectClass: inetOrgPerson" >> $LDIF

echo "objectClass: posixAccount" >> $LDIF

echo "objectClass: shadowAccount" >> $LDIF

echo "uid: $UID1" >> $LDIF

echo "sn: $SN" >> $LDIF

echo "givenName: $GIVEN" >> $LDIF

echo "cn: $NAME" >> $LDIF

echo "displayName: $NAME" >> $LDIF

echo "uidNumber: $UID2" >> $LDIF

echo "gidNumber: $GID" >> $LDIF

echo "userPassword: {crypt}$PASS" >> $LDIF

echo "gecos: $NAME" >> $LDIF

echo "loginShell: $SHELL" >> $LDIF

echo "homeDirectory: $HOME" >> $LDIF

echo "shadowExpire: $EXPIRE" >> $LDIF

echo "shadowFlag: $FLAG" >> $LDIF

echo "shadowWarning: $WARN" >> $LDIF

echo "shadowMin: $MIN" >> $LDIF

echo "shadowMax: $MAX" >> $LDIF

echo "shadowLastChange: $LAST" >> $LDIF

echo >> $LDIF

done

###### ldapuser script end ######

#使用方法

[root@dev ~]# sh ldapuser.sh

[root@dev ~]# ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com -W -f ldapuser.ldif

添加本地存在组到目录服务

#脚本内容

[root@dev ~]# cat ldapgroup.sh

# extract local groups who have 500-999 digit UID

# replace "SUFFIX=***" to your own suffix

# this is an example

#!/bin/bash

SUFFIX='dc=dev,dc=com'

LDIF='ldapgroup.ldif'

echo -n > $LDIF

for line in `grep "x:[5-9][0-9][0-9]:" /etc/group`

do

CN=`echo $line | cut -d: -f1`

GID=`echo $line | cut -d: -f3`

echo "dn: cn=$CN,ou=groups,$SUFFIX" >> $LDIF

echo "objectClass: posixGroup" >> $LDIF

echo "cn: $CN" >> $LDIF

echo "gidNumber: $GID" >> $LDIF

users=`echo $line | cut -d: -f4 | sed "s/,/ /g"`

for user in ${users} ; do

echo "memberUid: ${user}" >> $LDIF

done

echo >> $LDIF

done

#使用方法和前面的脚本一样

添加一个系统用户，使用脚本添加进ldap中

#创建系统用户user1，设置密码user1

[root@dev ~]# useradd user1

[root@dev ~]# passwd user1

Changing password for user user1.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is too short

BAD PASSWORD: is too simple

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

四.安装migrationtools

[root@dev ~]# yum install migrationtools -y

编辑migrationtool的配置文件/usr/share/migrationtools/migrate_common.ph

[root@dev ~]# vim /usr/share/migrationtools/migrate_common.ph

# Default DNS domain

$DEFAULT_MAIL_DOMAIN = "dev.com";

# Default base

$DEFAULT_BASE = "dc=dev,dc=com";

下面利用pl脚本将/etc/passwd 和/etc/shadow生成LDAP能读懂的文件格式，保存在/tmp/下

[root@dev ~]# /usr/share/migrationtools/migrate_base.pl >/tmp/base.ldif

[root@dev ~]# /usr/share/migrationtools/migrate_passwd.pl /etc/passwd >/tmp/passwd.ldif

[root@dev ~]# /usr/share/migrationtools/migrate_passwd.pl /etc/group >/tmp/group.ldif

下面就要把这三个文件导入到LDAP，这样LDAP的数据库里就有了我们想要的用户

#导入base

[root@dev ~]# ldapadd -x -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -W -f /tmp/base.ldif

Enter LDAP Password:

adding new entry "dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Hosts,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Rpc,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Services,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "nisMapName=netgroup.byuser,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Mounts,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Networks,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Group,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Netgroup,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Protocols,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "ou=Aliases,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "nisMapName=netgroup.byhost,dc=dev,dc=com"

#导入passwd

[root@dev ~]# ldapadd -x -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -W -f /tmp/passwd.ldif

Enter LDAP Password:

adding new entry "uid=root,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=bin,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=daemon,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=adm,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=lp,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=sync,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=shutdown,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=halt,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=mail,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=uucp,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=operator,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=games,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=gopher,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=ftp,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=nobody,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=dbus,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=vcsa,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=abrt,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=haldaemon,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=ntp,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=saslauth,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=postfix,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=sshd,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=tcpdump,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=rpc,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=hacluster,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=rpcuser,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=nfsnobody,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=ldap,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=nscd,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=nslcd,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

adding new entry "uid=user1,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com"

#导入group

[root@dev ~]# ldapadd -x -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -W -f /tmp/group.ldif

再次查询ldap的内容

[root@dev ~]# ldapsearch -LLL -W -x -H ldap://dev.com -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -b "dc=dev,dc=com" "(uid=user1)"

Enter LDAP Password:

dn: uid=user1,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com

uid: user1 #这里我们只查询user1

cn: user1

objectClass: account

objectClass: posixAccount

objectClass: top

objectClass: shadowAccount

userPassword:: e2NyeXB0fSQxJC5CTHJNWDJEJE9FYnNMc2N4S3NQQ2liLk5uVC5ZMTA=

shadowLastChange: 16629

shadowMin: 0

shadowMax: 99999

shadowWarning: 7

loginShell: /bin/bash

uidNumber: 500

gidNumber: 500

homeDirectory: /home/user1

#不用输入密码查询

[root@dev ~]

# ldapsearch -LLL -w weyee -x -H ldap://dev.com -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -b "dc=dev,dc=com" "(uid=user1)"

dn: uid=user1,ou=People,dc=dev,dc=com

uid: user1

cn: user1

objectClass: account

objectClass: posixAccount

objectClass: top

objectClass: shadowAccount

userPassword:: e2NyeXB0fSQxJC5CTHJNWDJEJE9FYnNMc2N4S3NQQ2liLk5uVC5ZMTA=

shadowLastChange: 16629

shadowMin: 0

shadowMax: 99999

shadowWarning: 7

loginShell: /bin/bash

uidNumber: 500

gidNumber: 500

homeDirectory: /home/user1

备份ldap数据

[root@dev ~]# ldapsearch -LLL -w weyee -x -H ldap://dev.com -D "cn=admin,dc=dev,dc=com" -b "dc=dev,dc=com" >ldap.bak

五.安装配置ldap客户端phpladpadmin

#安装epel源

[root@dev ~]# yum install httpd php php-ldap php-gd -y

码农公寓

CentOS 6.5安装配置ldap

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