python爬取当当网的书籍信息并保存到csv文件
- 依赖的库:
- requests #用来获取页面内容
- BeautifulSoup #opython3不能安装BeautifulSoup,但可以安装BeautifulSoup4(pip install bs4)
此实验爬取了当当网中关于深度学习的书籍,内容包括书籍名称、作者、出版社、当前价钱。为方便,此实验只爬取搜索出来的一个页面的书籍。具体步骤如下:
- 1 打开当当网,搜索“深度学习”,等待页面加载,获取当前网址
“http://search.dangdang.com/?key=%C9%EE%B6%C8%D1%A7%CF%B0&act=input” - 2 点击鼠标右键,选择’检查’,获取当前页面的网页信息
- 3 分析网页代码,截取我们要的内容。
- 4 实验设计为:先从搜索’深度学习‘后得到的页面中抓取相关书籍的链接(url);然后再遍历每个url,从该书籍的具体页面中寻找信息。(如果单单是爬取我上面的那些内容的话,好像不用进去每个书籍的链接 直接在搜索出来的页面获取 也可以。。。)
下面是具体代码
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def get_all_books():
"""
获取该页面所有符合要求的书本的链接
"""
url = 'http://search.dangdang.com/?key=%C9%EE%B6%C8%D1%A7%CF%B0&act=input'
book_list = []
r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'lxml')
book_ul = soup.find_all('ul', {'class': 'bigimg','id':'component_0__0__6612'})
book_ps = book_ul[0].find_all('p',{'class':'name','name':'title'})
for book_p in book_ps:
book_a = book_p.find('a')
book_url = book_a.get('href')
book_list.append(book_url)
return book_list
#获取每本书的url,并打印出来
books = get_all_books()
for book in books:
print(book)
http://product.dangdang.com/25111382.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25089622.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25231551.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25234782.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25224111.html
http://product.dangdang.com/23993317.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25073661.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25245282.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25208778.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25212175.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25175809.html
http://product.dangdang.com/23983230.html
http://product.dangdang.com/24104547.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25124666.html
http://product.dangdang.com/23996903.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25082459.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25207334.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25104088.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25163815.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25118239.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25105666.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25208772.html
http://product.dangdang.com/24049457.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25234806.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25230551.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25166563.html
http://product.dangdang.com/24165179.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25250547.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25262534.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25098329.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25225304.html
http://product.dangdang.com/23925889.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25261023.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25269988.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25138676.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25125879.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25250993.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25243399.html
http://product.dangdang.com/1057511057.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25066760.html
http://product.dangdang.com/24195829.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25119333.html
http://product.dangdang.com/24048571.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25269074.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25182369.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25189701.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25251315.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25255372.html
http://product.dangdang.com/1230199397.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25073507.html
http://product.dangdang.com/1336821476.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25190949.html
http://product.dangdang.com/1365765197.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25215200.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25242647.html
http://product.dangdang.com/1211962291.html
http://product.dangdang.com/25261676.html
上面就是获取到的每本书的url,下面来处理每本书的url,获取每本书的信息:
def get_book_information(book_url):
"""
获取书籍的信息
"""
r = requests.get(book_url, timeout=60)
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'lxml')
book_info = []
#获取书籍名称
div_name = soup.find('div', {'class': 'name_info','ddt-area':'001'})
h1 = div_name.find('h1',{})
book_name = h1.get('title')
book_info.append(book_name)
#获取书籍作者
div_author = soup.find('div',{'class':'messbox_info'})
span_author = div_author.find('span',{'class':'t1','dd_name':'作者'})
book_author = span_author.text.strip()[3:]
book_info.append(book_author)
#获取书籍出版社
div_press = soup.find('div',{'class':'messbox_info'})
span_press = div_press.find('span',{'class':'t1','dd_name':'出版社'})
book_press = span_press.text.strip()[4:]
book_info.append(book_press)
#获取书籍价钱
div_price = soup.find('div',{'class':'price_d'})
book_price = div_price.find('p',{'id':'dd-price'}).text.strip()
book_info.append(book_price)
return book_info
import csv
#获取每本书的信息,并把信息保存到csv文件中
def main():
header = ['书籍名称','作者','出本社','当前价钱']
with open('DeepLearning_book_info.csv','w',encoding='utf-8',newline='') as f:
writer = csv.writer(f)
writer.writerow(header)
for i,book in enumerate(books):
if i%10 == 0:
print('获取了{}条信息,一共{}条信息'.format(i,len(books)))
l = get_book_information(book)
writer.writerow(l)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
获取了0条信息,一共57条信息
获取了10条信息,一共57条信息
获取了20条信息,一共57条信息
获取了30条信息,一共57条信息
获取了40条信息,一共57条信息
获取了50条信息,一共57条信息
至此,爬虫结束,查看当前目录,就可以找到我们刚刚保存的DeepLearn_book_info.csv文件啦,打开查看,便得到下面的内容:
这样就把我们想要的书籍信息保存到csv文件啦。