Android 获取系统的联系人

2022-12-18 18:41:17

本文主要介绍android中怎样获取系统的联系人数据

首先打开模拟器

点击联系人图标按钮

说明系统联系人数据库是空的，打开File explorer，找到data/data下面的文件夹：

将contacts2.db文件导出，添加到sqlite中的时候报错：

点击“ok”忽略之

表结构相当的复杂，首先搞清楚其中的三张表

* data表保存联系人的数据

* raw_contacts表保存联系人的id contact_id

* mimetypes表保存联系人数据的类型

接下来通过模拟器添加联系人

通过sqlite刷新contacts2.db，忽略提示错误

获取联系人步骤

1. 查询raw_contacts表，把联系人的id取出来

2. 根据联系人的id，查询data表，把这个id的数据取出来

3. 根据mimetype区分数据的类型

接下来通过代码实现

package com.wuyudong.getcontacts;

import android.net.Uri;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.ContentResolver;

import android.database.Cursor;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    }

    /**

     * 获取全部的联系人

     *

     * @param view

     */

    public void click(View view) {

        ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();

        // 1.查询raw_contacts表，把联系人的id取出来

        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");

        Uri datauri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");

        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[] { "contact_id" },

                null, null, null);

        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

            String id = cursor.getString(0);

            System.out.println("联系人id: " + id);

            // 2.根据联系人的id，查询data表，把这个id的数据取出来

            // 系统api查询data表的时候不是真正的查询的data表，而是查询data表的视图

            Cursor dataCursor = resolver.query(datauri, new String[] { "data1", "mimetype" },

                            "raw_contact_id=?", new String[] { id }, null);

            while (dataCursor.moveToNext()) {

                String data1 = dataCursor.getString(0);

                System.out.println("data1=" + data1);

                String mimetype = dataCursor.getString(1);

                System.out.println("mimetype=" + mimetype);

            }

            dataCursor.close();

        }

        cursor.close();

    }

}

添加权限：android.permission.READ_CONTACTS

运行后打印相关的结果：

06-18 10:59:41.556: I/System.out(2127): 联系人id: 1
06-18 10:59:41.636: I/System.out(2127): data1=110
06-18 10:59:41.636: I/System.out(2127): mimetype=vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2
06-18 10:59:41.646: I/System.out(2127): data1=wuyudong@wuyudong.com
06-18 10:59:41.646: I/System.out(2127): mimetype=vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2
06-18 10:59:41.646: I/System.out(2127): data1=Wuyudong
06-18 10:59:41.646: I/System.out(2127): mimetype=vnd.android.cursor.item/name

通过上面的打印信息，可以修改程序

package com.wuyudong.getcontacts;

import android.net.Uri;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.ContentResolver;

import android.database.Cursor;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    }

    /**

     * 获取全部的联系人

     *

     * @param view

     */

    public void click(View view) {

        ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();

        // 1.查询raw_contacts表，把联系人的id取出来

        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");

        Uri datauri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");

        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[] { "contact_id" },

                null, null, null);

        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

            String id = cursor.getString(0);

            System.out.println("联系人id: " + id);

            // 2.根据联系人的id，查询data表，把这个id的数据取出来

            // 系统api查询data表的时候不是真正的查询的data表，而是查询data表的视图

            Cursor dataCursor = resolver

                    .query(datauri, new String[] { "data1", "mimetype" },

                            "raw_contact_id=?", new String[] { id }, null);

            while (dataCursor.moveToNext()) {

                String data1 = dataCursor.getString(0);

                String mimetype = dataCursor.getString(1);

                if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/name".equals(mimetype)) {

                    System.out.println("姓名=" + data1);

                } else if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2".equals(mimetype)) {

                    System.out.println("邮箱=" + data1);

                } else if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2".equals(data1)) {

                    System.out.println("电话=" + data1);

                } else if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/im".equals(mimetype)) {

                    System.out.println("QQ=" + data1);

                }

            }

            dataCursor.close();

        }

        cursor.close();

    }

}

运行后打印相关的结果：

06-18 11:17:57.312: I/System.out(2380): 联系人id: 1
06-18 11:17:57.452: I/System.out(2380): 邮箱=wuyudong@wuyudong.com
06-18 11:17:57.452: I/System.out(2380): 姓名=Wuyudong
06-18 11:17:57.452: I/System.out(2380): QQ=11111111
06-18 11:17:57.482: I/System.out(2380): 联系人id: 2
06-18 11:17:57.572: I/System.out(2380): QQ=32423423422
06-18 11:17:57.572: I/System.out(2380): 邮箱=wu@wuyudong.com
06-18 11:17:57.572: I/System.out(2380): 姓名=Zhangsan

最后将这些操作封装成api，便于以后使用

新建ContactInfoParser.java文件

package com.wuyudong.getcontacts.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import com.wuyudong.getcontacts.domain.ContactInfo;

import android.content.ContentResolver;

import android.content.Context;

import android.database.Cursor;

import android.net.Uri;

public class ContactInfoParser {

    /**

     * 获取系统全部联系人的api方法

     *

     * @param context

     * @return

     */

    public static List<ContactInfo> findAll(Context context) {

        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();

        // 1.查询raw_contacts表，把联系人的id取出来

        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");

        Uri datauri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");

        List<ContactInfo> infos = new ArrayList<ContactInfo>();

        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[] { "contact_id" },

                null, null, null);

        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

            String id = cursor.getString(0);

            if (id != null) {

                System.out.println("联系人id: " + id);

                ContactInfo info = new ContactInfo();

                info.setId(id);

                // 2.根据联系人的id，查询data表，把这个id的数据取出来

                // 系统api查询data表的时候不是真正的查询的data表，而是查询data表的视图

                Cursor dataCursor = resolver.query(datauri, new String[] {

                        "data1", "mimetype" }, "raw_contact_id=?",

                        new String[] { id }, null);

                while (dataCursor.moveToNext()) {

                    String data1 = dataCursor.getString(0);

                    String mimetype = dataCursor.getString(1);

                    if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/name".equals(mimetype)) {

                        System.out.println("姓名=" + data1);

                        info.setName(data1);

                    } else if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2"

                            .equals(mimetype)) {

                        System.out.println("邮箱=" + data1);

                        info.setEmail(data1);

                    } else if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2".equals(data1)) {

                        System.out.println("电话=" + data1);

                        info.setPhone(data1);

                    } else if ("vnd.android.cursor.item/im".equals(mimetype)) {

                        System.out.println("QQ=" + data1);

                        info.setQq(data1);

                    }

                }

                infos.add(info);

                System.out.println("-------");

                dataCursor.close();

            }

        }

        cursor.close();

        return infos;

    }

}

新建ContactInfo.java

package com.wuyudong.getcontacts.domain;

public class ContactInfo {

    private String name;

    private String id;

    private String phone;

    private String email;

    private String qq;

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return "ContactInfo [name=" + name + ", id=" + id + ", phone=" + phone

                + ", email=" + email + ", qq=" + qq + "]";

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public String getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(String id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getPhone() {

        return phone;

    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {

        this.phone = phone;

    }

    public String getEmail() {

        return email;

    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {

        this.email = email;

    }

    public String getQq() {

        return qq;

    }

    public void setQq(String qq) {

        this.qq = qq;

    }

}

最后调用相关api

package com.wuyudong.getcontacts;

import java.util.List;

import com.wuyudong.getcontacts.domain.ContactInfo;

import com.wuyudong.getcontacts.service.ContactInfoParser;

import android.net.Uri;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.ContentResolver;

import android.database.Cursor;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    }

    /**

     * 获取全部的联系人

     *

     * @param view

     */

    public void click(View view) {

        List<ContactInfo> infos = ContactInfoParser.findAll(this);

        for (ContactInfo info : infos) {

            System.out.println(info.toString());

        }

    }

}

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