1. 依赖倒置原则和IOC
2. IOC(Inversion of Control)的好处
3. 介绍和使用Unity
依赖倒置原则（DIP）：上层和下层之间，依赖抽象，而不依赖细节
IOC 控制反转，把上端对下端细节的依赖，转移给第三方,上端只依赖抽象
Unity：就是一个第三方的容器
public static void Show()
{
{
Console.WriteLine("**************************普通用法*************************");
IPhone phone = new AndroidPhone();
phone.Call();
Console.WriteLine(" phone.Headphone==null? {0}", phone.Headphone == null);
Console.WriteLine("phone.Microphone==null? {0}", phone.Microphone == null);
Console.WriteLine(" phone.Power==null? {0}", phone.Power == null);
}
{
Console.WriteLine("*********************Iunity用法，无注入*******************");
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
container.RegisterType<IPhone, AndroidPhone>();
container.RegisterType<IMicrophone, Microphone>();
container.RegisterType<IHeadphone, Headphone>();
container.RegisterType<IPower, Power>();
IPhone phone = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
phone.Call();
Console.WriteLine(" phone.Headphone==null? {0}", phone.Headphone == null);
Console.WriteLine("phone.Microphone==null? {0}", phone.Microphone == null);
Console.WriteLine(" phone.Power==null? {0}", phone.Power == null);
}
{
Console.WriteLine("*********************Iunity用法，注入*******************");
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
container.RegisterType<IPhone, ApplePhone>();
container.RegisterType<IMicrophone , Microphone >();
container.RegisterType<IHeadphone , Headphone>();
container.RegisterType<IPower, Power>();
IPhone phone = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
phone.Call();
Console.WriteLine(" phone.Headphone==null? {0}", phone.Headphone == null);
Console.WriteLine("phone.Microphone==null? {0}", phone.Microphone == null);
Console.WriteLine(" phone.Power==null? {0}", phone.Power == null);
//IOC还可以做： 单例 单线程单例 AOP
}
}
三种注入方式
/// <summary>
/// 依赖注入三种方式：构造函数注入 属性注入 方法注入
/// </summary>
public class ApplePhone : IPhone
{
[Dependency] //属性注入
public IMicrophone Microphone { get; set; }
public IHeadphone Headphone { get; set; }
public IPower Power { get; set; }
public ApplePhone()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}构造函数", this.GetType().Name);
} [InjectionConstructor ]//构造函数注入，可以不要特性，默认使用参数最多的构造函数
public ApplePhone (IHeadphone iHeadphone)
{
this.Headphone = iHeadphone;
Console.WriteLine("{0}带参数构造函数", this.GetType().Name);
}
public void Call()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}打电话", this.GetType().Name);
} [InjectionMethod ]//方法注入：必须是public
public void Init(IPower power)
{
this.Power = power;
Console.WriteLine("初始化函数{0}", this.GetType().Name);
}
}
写配置文件
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration"/>
</configSections>
<unity>
<containers>
<container name="testContainer">
<register type="IOCUnity.IPhone,IOCUnity" mapTo="IOCUnity.ApplePhone, IOCUnity"/>
<register type="IOCUnity.IMicrophone, IOCUnity" mapTo="IOCUnity.Microphone, IOCUnity"/>
<register type="IOCUnity.IHeadphone, IOCUnity" mapTo="IOCUnity.Headphone, IOCUnity"/>
<register type="IOCUnity.IPower, IOCUnity" mapTo="IOCUnity.Power, IOCUnity"/>
<register type="IOCUnity.IPhone,IOCUnity" mapTo="IOCUnity.AndroidPhone, IOCUnity" name="android"/>
<register type="IOCUnity.IPhone,IOCUnity" mapTo="IOCUnity.ApplePhone, IOCUnity" name="apple"/>
</container>
</containers>
</unity>
</configuration>
Unity的标准运用方式
public class UnityConfig
{
public static void Show()
{
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();//准备容器 ExeConfigurationFileMap fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();
fileMap.ExeConfigFilename = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "CfgFiles\\Unity.Config.xml");//找配置文件的路径
Configuration configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)configuration.GetSection(UnityConfigurationSection.SectionName); section.Configure(container, "testContainer");//注册 IPhone phone = container.Resolve<IPhone>(); //new AndroidPhone();//创建对象
phone.Call(); Console.WriteLine("****************************************");
IPhone phone2 = container.Resolve<IPhone>("apple"); //new AndroidPhone();//创建对象
phone2.Call();
Console.WriteLine("****************************************");
IPhone phone3 = container.Resolve<IPhone>("android"); //new AndroidPhone();//创建对象
phone3.Call();
}