C# - 反射与编译

编译

首先了解下,如何区分编译生成的 .dll的版本
方法1:ILSpy反编译工具

通过 assembly属性,release版本没有或仅有如下一种属性

[assembly: Debuggable(DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.IgnoreSymbolStoreSequencePoints)]

而 debug版本,属性较多,示例

[assembly: Debuggable(DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.Default | DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.DisableOptimizations |
DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.IgnoreSymbolStoreSequencePoints | DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.EnableEditAndContinue)]

具体参见:https://blog.csdn.net/WPwalter/article/details/80933080

方法2:代码检测

public static class Utils
{
//新增扩展方法
public static T GetCustomAttribute<T>(this ICustomAttributeProvider provider)
where T : Attribute
{
var attributes = provider.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(T), false);
return attributes.Length > 0 ? attributes[0] as T : default(T);
} public enum DllMode { Debug = 0, Release = 1 }; public static DllMode CheckDllMode_1(string _filePath)
{
var assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(_filePath);
var attributes = assembly.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DebuggableAttribute), false);
if (attributes.Length > 0)
{
var debuggable = attributes[0] as DebuggableAttribute;
if (debuggable != null) {
return ((debuggable.DebuggingFlags & DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.Default)
== DebuggableAttribute.DebuggingModes.Default)
? DllMode.Debug : DllMode.Release;
} else { return DllMode.Release; }
} else { return DllMode.Release; }
} public static DllMode CheckDllMode_2(string _filePath)
{
Assembly ass = Assembly.LoadFile(_filePath);
DebuggableAttribute att = ass.GetCustomAttribute<DebuggableAttribute>();
return (att != null && att.IsJITTrackingEnabled) ? DllMode.Debug : DllMode.Release;
} }

具体参见:https://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_12_8459

新增扩展方法时,若提示: 缺少编译器要求的成员“system.Runtime.CompilerServices.ExtensionAttribute..ctor”
解决方法,在当前.cs中添加

namespace System.Runtime.CompilerServices {
public class ExtensionAttribute : Attribute { }
}

反射

类Assembly中Load, LoadFrom, LoadFile方法比较

下面给出2种程序集加载方法

//方法1:直接从DLL路径加载 ok
assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom(assemblyPath); //方法2:先把DLL加载到内存,再从内存中加载 ok
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(assemblyPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
using (BinaryReader br = new BinaryReader(fs))
{
byte[] bFile = br.ReadBytes((int)fs.Length);
br.Close();
fs.Close();
assembly = Assembly.Load(bFile);
}
}

可以将程序集中定义的所有类型暂存备用,调用时指定程序集和方法名即可

// htTypes是Hashtable
foreach (Type tp in assembly.GetTypes()) {
htTypes.Add(tp.Name, tp);
} string className = "Calculator.Calculator"; //程序集.类名
string funName = "Add"; //方法名
if (TypeTest.htTypes.ContainsKey(className))
{
var tp = (Type)TypeTest.htTypes[className];
var func = tp.GetMethod(funName);
if (null != func)
{
func.Invoke(null, new object[] { ... });
}
}

对于设置或获取字段或属性的值,注意区分静态/非静态

非静态的实例字段或属性,GetValue和SetValue时,第一个参数务必传入实例对象

object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(type, true);

而静态的,直接送null即可。设置时,保险起见可以作类型转换

var v = Convert.ChangeType(value, tp.GetField/GetProperty(_name).FieldType/PropertyType);

注,待加载的程序集可以在配置文件中配置。

  <configSections>
<section name="assembly" type="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler"/>
</configSections> <!-- key为程序集名称,value表示是否要加载 -->
<assembly>
<add key="Calculator.dll" value="1"/>
<add key="crudHelper.dll" value="1"/>
</assembly>

代码中动态加载即可

NameValueCollection assemblyList = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("assembly") as NameValueCollection;

.Net框架提供了一个综合性方法:Type.InvokeMember,但是参数较多,慎用。

应用

[1]. 获取当前执行的方法的信息:2种

MethodBase method = MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod();
string tag = method.ReflectedType.FullName + "." + method.Name; //类名.方法名 StackTrace stackTrace = new StackTrace(true);
MethodBase method = stackTrace.GetFrame(0).GetMethod();
string codeDestination = method.DeclaringType.Name + "-" + method.Name; //类名.方法名

若要获取父方法的信息,使用 GetFrame(1) 即可。

[2]. 提取类实例字段名和字段值

public static string GetAllKeyValue<T>(T t, IDictionary<string, object> dic, bool removeEmptyVal)
{
if (t == null || dic == null) { return "t||dic null"; } try {
System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[] properties = t.GetType().GetProperties(
System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance |
System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Public);
if (properties.Length <= 0) { return "properties 0"; } foreach (System.Reflection.PropertyInfo item in properties) {
string name = item.Name;
object value = item.GetValue(t, null); if (item.PropertyType.IsValueType || item.PropertyType.Name.StartsWith("String")) {
if (removeEmptyVal && (value == null ||
(value is string && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value.ToString())))) { /* not save empty value */ }
else { dic.Add(name, value); }
} else {
GetAllKeyValue(value, dic, removeEmptyVal);
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
return ex.Message + "||" + ex.StackTrace;
}
return string.Empty;
}

其中GetProperties()中的参数可以按需控制。

上一篇:caffe-windows中classification.cpp的源码阅读


下一篇:例10-3 uva10375(唯一分解定理)