python运维开发(二十一)----文件上传和验证码+session

内容目录:

文件上传

验证码+session

文件和图片的上传功能

  1. HTML Form表单提交,实例展示
    views 代码
    HTML
  2. ajax提交
    • 原生ajax提交,XMLHttpRequest方式上传
    • jQuery Ajax提交

两种提交方式对比

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style>
        .img{
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

    <iframe id="my_iframe"  name="my_iframe"  style="display: none" src=""></iframe>

    <form id="fo" method="POST" action="/upload/" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="text" id="user" name="user" />
        <input type="file" id="img" name="img" onchange="uploadFile3();" />
        <input type="submit" />
    </form>
    <div id="container">

    </div>

    <a onclick="uploadFile1();" >XMLHttpRequest上传</a>
    <a onclick="uploadFile2();" >jQueryAjax上传</a>

    <a onclick="uploadFile3();" >测试Iframe</a>

    <script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
    <script>
        function uploadFile1(){
            // 创建表单对象
            var form = new FormData();
            // 在表单对象中添加:user: 用户输入的用户名
            form.append('user',document.getElementById('user').value);
            // 在表单对象中添加:img: 文件对象
            var fileObj = document.getElementById("img").files[0];
            form.append("img", fileObj);

            var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
            // 回调函数,当Ajax请求状态变化时,自动触发
            xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
                // xhr.readyState=4 表示,客户端已经将服务器端响应的内容全部获取完毕
                if(xhr.readyState == 4){
                    //  xhr.responseText 获取服务器端响应的文本内容,即: views中 return HttpResponse中的内容
                    var data = xhr.responseText;
                    console.log(data);
                }
            };
            // 创建异步连接
            xhr.open("post", '/upload/', true);
            // 发送请求,将form中的数据发送到服务器端
            xhr.send(form);
        }

        function uploadFile2(){
            // jQuery对象和dom对象
            var fileObj = $("#img")[0].files[0];
            var form = new FormData();
            form.append("img", fileObj);
            form.append("user", 'alex');

            $.ajax({
                type:'POST',
                url: '/upload/',
                data: form,// # {'k1': ;'v1'}  >  send('k1=v1')
                processData: false,  // tell jQuery not to process the data
                contentType: false,  // tell jQuery not to set contentType
                success: function(arg){
                    console.log(arg);
                }
            })
        }

        function uploadFile3(){
            $('#container').find('img').remove();
            document.getElementById('my_iframe').onload = callback;
            document.getElementById('fo').target = 'my_iframe';
            document.getElementById('fo').submit();
        }
        function callback(){
            var text = $('#my_iframe').contents().find('body').text();
            var json_data = JSON.parse(text);
            console.log(json_data);
            if(json_data.status){
                // 已经上传成功
                // 预览,创建image标签,src指向刚上传的静态文件路径
                var tag = document.createElement('img');
                tag.src = "/" + json_data.data;
                tag.className = 'img';
                $('#container').append(tag);
            }else{
                alert(json_data.error);
            }
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

upload.html

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
import os
import json
# Create your views here.

def upload(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        ret = {'status': False, 'data': None, 'error': None}
        try:
            user = request.POST.get('user')
            # img = request.POST.get('img')
            img = request.FILES.get('img')
            print(type(img))
            from django.core.files.uploadedfile import InMemoryUploadedFile
            file_path = os.path.join('static', img.name)
            f = open(file_path,'wb')
            for chunk in img.chunks():
                f.write(chunk)
            f.close()
            ret['status'] = True
            ret['data'] = file_path
        except Exception as e:
            ret['error'] = str(e)

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
    return render(request, 'upload.html')

def ajax(request):
    import time
    crruent_time = time.time()
    return render(request, 'ajax.html',{'crruent_time': crruent_time})

def xhr_ajax(request):
    print(request.GET)
    print(request.POST)
    return HttpResponse('ok')

views.py

验证码+session

验证码主图片需要导入check_code和一个Monaco.ttf 字体,字体文件放到项目的根目录下

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter

_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy"  # 小写字母,去除可能干扰的i,l,o,z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper()  # 大写字母
_numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10)))  # 数字
init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))

def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),
                         chars=init_chars,
                         img_type="GIF",
                         mode="RGB",
                         bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
                         fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
                         font_size=18,
                         font_type="Monaco.ttf",
                         length=4,
                         draw_lines=True,
                         n_line=(1, 2),
                         draw_points=True,
                         point_chance = 2):
    '''
    @todo: 生成验证码图片
    @param size: 图片的大小,格式(宽,高),默认为(120, 30)
    @param chars: 允许的字符集合,格式字符串
    @param img_type: 图片保存的格式,默认为GIF,可选的为GIF,JPEG,TIFF,PNG
    @param mode: 图片模式,默认为RGB
    @param bg_color: 背景颜色,默认为白色
    @param fg_color: 前景色,验证码字符颜色,默认为蓝色#0000FF
    @param font_size: 验证码字体大小
    @param font_type: 验证码字体,默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
    @param length: 验证码字符个数
    @param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线
    @param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围,格式元组,默认为(1, 2),只有draw_lines为True时有效
    @param draw_points: 是否画干扰点
    @param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率,大小范围[0, 100]
    @return: [0]: PIL Image实例
    @return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串
    '''

    width, height = size # 宽, 高
    img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建图形
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔

    def get_chars():
        '''生成给定长度的字符串,返回列表格式'''
        return random.sample(chars, length)

    def create_lines():
        '''绘制干扰线'''
        line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数

        for i in range(line_num):
            # 起始点
            begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            #结束点
            end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_points():
        '''绘制干扰点'''
        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]

        for w in range(width):
            for h in range(height):
                tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
                if tmp > 100 - chance:
                    draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_strs():
        '''绘制验证码字符'''
        c_chars = get_chars()
        strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开

        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)

        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
                    strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)

        return ''.join(c_chars)

    if draw_lines:
        create_lines()
    if draw_points:
        create_points()
    strs = create_strs()

    # 图形扭曲参数
    params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
              0,
              0,
              0,
              1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
              0.001,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
              ]
    img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲

    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜,边界加强(阈值更大)

    return img, strs

check_code.py

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/login/" method="POST">
        <input type="text" name="username" />
        <input type="text" name="pwd" />
        <input type="text" name="check_code" />
        <img src="/check_code/" onclick="ChangeCode(this);">
        <input type="submit" />
    </form>
    <script>
        function ChangeCode(ths){
            ths.src = ths.src + '?';
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

login.html

def check_code(request):
    import io
    from backend import check_code as CheckCode

    stream = io.BytesIO()
    # img图片对象,code在图像中写的内容
    img, code = CheckCode.create_validate_code()
    img.save(stream, "png")

    request.session["CheckCode"] = code
    return HttpResponse(stream.getvalue())

    # 代码:生成一张图片,在图片中写文件
    # request.session['CheckCode'] =  图片上的内容

    # 自动生成图片,并且将图片中的文字保存在session中
    # 将图片内容返回给用户

def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        input_code = request.POST.get('check_code')
        print(input_code.upper(),request.session['CheckCode'].upper())
    return render(request, 'login.html')

Views.py

引用url:

http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/5703697.html

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