A: js指令转化为新transaction
在web3上操作流程
1. import to web3
2. connect to peers
3. read local key store
4. decrypt local key store
5. create a transaction obj
i. 创建contract： 向0发送，data为主要内容
ii. 执行contract
6. sign and send
在geth里怎么做到的呢？
首先看到cmd\geth\consolecmd.go里面的localConsole，这个函数的功能是在启动geth节点的同时attach一个JS的控制台，没错，即使在本地geth处也是js的控制台前后端分开。
SUGAR:
gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v1 是用来辅助go命令行application的包 SUGAR END// localConsole starts a new geth node, attaching a JavaScript console to it at the
// same time.
func localConsole(ctx *cli.Context) error {
// Create and start the node based on the CLI flags
node := makeFullNode(ctx)
startNode(ctx, node)
defer node.Close()
// Attach to the newly started node and start the JavaScript console
client, err := node.Attach()
if err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to attach to the inproc geth: %v", err)
}
config := console.Config{
DataDir: utils.MakeDataDir(ctx),
DocRoot: ctx.GlobalString(utils.JSpathFlag.Name),
Client: client,
Preload: utils.MakeConsolePreloads(ctx),
}
console, err := console.New(config)
if err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to start the JavaScript console: %v", err)
}
defer console.Stop(false)
// If only a short execution was requested, evaluate and return
if script := ctx.GlobalString(utils.ExecFlag.Name); script != "" {
console.Evaluate(script)
return nil
}
// Otherwise print the welcome screen and enter interactive mode
console.Welcome()
console.Interactive()
return nil
}
先只看console\console.go，里面有console的方法，可以看到真的还是调用web3，不过会帮你做好import web3，关联方法，管理钱包，log之类的操作。
可以看到socker和bridge在这里起到了前端web3与后台node之间的连接作用
// init retrieves the available APIs from the remote RPC provider and initializes
// the console's JavaScript namespaces based on the exposed modules.
func (c *Console) init(preload []string) error {
// Initialize the JavaScript <-> Go RPC bridge
bridge := newBridge(c.client, c.prompter, c.printer)
c.jsre.Set("jeth", struct{}{})
jethObj, _ := c.jsre.Get("jeth")
jethObj.Object().Set("send", bridge.Send)
jethObj.Object().Set("sendAsync", bridge.Send)
consoleObj, _ := c.jsre.Get("console")
consoleObj.Object().Set("log", c.consoleOutput)
consoleObj.Object().Set("error", c.consoleOutput)
// Load all the internal utility JavaScript libraries
if err := c.jsre.Compile("bignumber.js", jsre.BignumberJs); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("bignumber.js: %v", err)
}
if err := c.jsre.Compile("web3.js", jsre.Web3Js); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("web3.js: %v", err)
}
if _, err := c.jsre.Run("var Web3 = require('web3');"); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("web3 require: %v", err)
}
if _, err := c.jsre.Run("var web3 = new Web3(jeth);"); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("web3 provider: %v", err)
}
// Load the supported APIs into the JavaScript runtime environment
apis, err := c.client.SupportedModules()
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("api modules: %v", err)
}
flatten := "var eth = web3.eth; var personal = web3.personal; "
for api := range apis {
if api == "web3" {
continue // manually mapped or ignore
}
if file, ok := web3ext.Modules[api]; ok {
// Load our extension for the module.
if err = c.jsre.Compile(fmt.Sprintf("%s.js", api), file); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("%s.js: %v", api, err)
}
flatten += fmt.Sprintf("var %s = web3.%s; ", api, api)
} else if obj, err := c.jsre.Run("web3." + api); err == nil && obj.IsObject() {
// Enable web3.js built-in extension if available.
flatten += fmt.Sprintf("var %s = web3.%s; ", api, api)
}
}
if _, err = c.jsre.Run(flatten); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("namespace flattening: %v", err)
}
// Initialize the global name register (disabled for now)
//c.jsre.Run(`var GlobalRegistrar = eth.contract(` + registrar.GlobalRegistrarAbi + `); registrar = GlobalRegistrar.at("` + registrar.GlobalRegistrarAddr + `");`)
// If the console is in interactive mode, instrument password related methods to query the user
if c.prompter != nil {
// Retrieve the account management object to instrument
personal, err := c.jsre.Get("personal")
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Override the openWallet, unlockAccount, newAccount and sign methods since
// these require user interaction. Assign these method in the Console the
// original web3 callbacks. These will be called by the jeth.* methods after
// they got the password from the user and send the original web3 request to
// the backend.
if obj := personal.Object(); obj != nil { // make sure the personal api is enabled over the interface
if _, err = c.jsre.Run(`jeth.openWallet = personal.openWallet;`); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("personal.openWallet: %v", err)
}
if _, err = c.jsre.Run(`jeth.unlockAccount = personal.unlockAccount;`); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("personal.unlockAccount: %v", err)
}
if _, err = c.jsre.Run(`jeth.newAccount = personal.newAccount;`); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("personal.newAccount: %v", err)
}
if _, err = c.jsre.Run(`jeth.sign = personal.sign;`); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("personal.sign: %v", err)
}
obj.Set("openWallet", bridge.OpenWallet)
obj.Set("unlockAccount", bridge.UnlockAccount)
obj.Set("newAccount", bridge.NewAccount)
obj.Set("sign", bridge.Sign)
}
}
// The admin.sleep and admin.sleepBlocks are offered by the console and not by the RPC layer.
admin, err := c.jsre.Get("admin")
if err != nil {
return err
}
if obj := admin.Object(); obj != nil { // make sure the admin api is enabled over the interface
obj.Set("sleepBlocks", bridge.SleepBlocks)
obj.Set("sleep", bridge.Sleep)
obj.Set("clearHistory", c.clearHistory)
}
// Preload any JavaScript files before starting the console
for _, path := range preload {
if err := c.jsre.Exec(path); err != nil {
failure := err.Error()
if ottoErr, ok := err.(*otto.Error); ok {
failure = ottoErr.String()
}
return fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", path, failure)
}
}
// Configure the console's input prompter for scrollback and tab completion
if c.prompter != nil {
if content, err := ioutil.ReadFile(c.histPath); err != nil {
c.prompter.SetHistory(nil)
} else {
c.history = strings.Split(string(content), "\n")
c.prompter.SetHistory(c.history)
}
c.prompter.SetWordCompleter(c.AutoCompleteInput)
}
return nil
}
makefullnode设置了一些参数，注册了服务
func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node {
stack, cfg := makeConfigNode(ctx)
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.ConstantinopleOverrideFlag.Name) {
cfg.Eth.ConstantinopleOverride = new(big.Int).SetUint64(ctx.GlobalUint64(utils.ConstantinopleOverrideFlag.Name))
}
utils.RegisterEthService(stack, &cfg.Eth)
if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DashboardEnabledFlag.Name) {
utils.RegisterDashboardService(stack, &cfg.Dashboard, gitCommit)
}
// Whisper must be explicitly enabled by specifying at least 1 whisper flag or in dev mode
shhEnabled := enableWhisper(ctx)
shhAutoEnabled := !ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperEnabledFlag.Name) && ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name)
if shhEnabled || shhAutoEnabled {
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperMaxMessageSizeFlag.Name) {
cfg.Shh.MaxMessageSize = uint32(ctx.Int(utils.WhisperMaxMessageSizeFlag.Name))
}
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name) {
cfg.Shh.MinimumAcceptedPOW = ctx.Float64(utils.WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name)
}
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperRestrictConnectionBetweenLightClientsFlag.Name) {
cfg.Shh.RestrictConnectionBetweenLightClients = true
}
utils.RegisterShhService(stack, &cfg.Shh)
}
// Configure GraphQL if required
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.GraphQLEnabledFlag.Name) {
if err := graphql.RegisterGraphQLService(stack, cfg.Node.GraphQLEndpoint(), cfg.Node.GraphQLCors, cfg.Node.GraphQLVirtualHosts, cfg.Node.HTTPTimeouts); err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to register the Ethereum service: %v", err)
}
}
// Add the Ethereum Stats daemon if requested.
if cfg.Ethstats.URL != "" {
utils.RegisterEthStatsService(stack, cfg.Ethstats.URL)
}
return stack
}
startNode操作则提供了相当多有用的功能
1. 启动accountManager，unlock特定用户, suscribe，允许用户arrived wallet, open wallet和drop wallet
2. 启动downloader同步
3. 启动mining
// startNode boots up the system node and all registered protocols, after which
// it unlocks any requested accounts, and starts the RPC/IPC interfaces and the
// miner.
func startNode(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) {
debug.Memsize.Add("node", stack)
// Start up the node itself
utils.StartNode(stack)
// Unlock any account specifically requested
if keystores := stack.AccountManager().Backends(keystore.KeyStoreType); len(keystores) > 0 {
ks := keystores[0].(*keystore.KeyStore)
passwords := utils.MakePasswordList(ctx)
unlocks := strings.Split(ctx.GlobalString(utils.UnlockedAccountFlag.Name), ",")
for i, account := range unlocks {
if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(account); trimmed != "" {
unlockAccount(ctx, ks, trimmed, i, passwords)
}
}
}
// Register wallet event handlers to open and auto-derive wallets
events := make(chan accounts.WalletEvent, 16)
stack.AccountManager().Subscribe(events)
go func() {
// Create a chain state reader for self-derivation
rpcClient, err := stack.Attach()
if err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to attach to self: %v", err)
}
stateReader := ethclient.NewClient(rpcClient)
// Open any wallets already attached
for _, wallet := range stack.AccountManager().Wallets() {
if err := wallet.Open(""); err != nil {
log.Warn("Failed to open wallet", "url", wallet.URL(), "err", err)
}
}
// Listen for wallet event till termination
for event := range events {
switch event.Kind {
case accounts.WalletArrived:
if err := event.Wallet.Open(""); err != nil {
log.Warn("New wallet appeared, failed to open", "url", event.Wallet.URL(), "err", err)
}
case accounts.WalletOpened:
status, _ := event.Wallet.Status()
log.Info("New wallet appeared", "url", event.Wallet.URL(), "status", status)
derivationPath := accounts.DefaultBaseDerivationPath
if event.Wallet.URL().Scheme == "ledger" {
derivationPath = accounts.DefaultLedgerBaseDerivationPath
}
event.Wallet.SelfDerive(derivationPath, stateReader)
case accounts.WalletDropped:
log.Info("Old wallet dropped", "url", event.Wallet.URL())
event.Wallet.Close()
}
}
}()
// Spawn a standalone goroutine for status synchronization monitoring,
// close the node when synchronization is complete if user required.
if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.ExitWhenSyncedFlag.Name) {
go func() {
sub := stack.EventMux().Subscribe(downloader.DoneEvent{})
defer sub.Unsubscribe()
for {
event := <-sub.Chan()
if event == nil {
continue
}
done, ok := event.Data.(downloader.DoneEvent)
if !ok {
continue
}
if timestamp := time.Unix(done.Latest.Time.Int64(), 0); time.Since(timestamp) < 10*time.Minute {
log.Info("Synchronisation completed", "latestnum", done.Latest.Number, "latesthash", done.Latest.Hash(),
"age", common.PrettyAge(timestamp))
stack.Stop()
}
}
}()
}
// Start auxiliary services if enabled
if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.MiningEnabledFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name) {
// Mining only makes sense if a full Ethereum node is running
if ctx.GlobalString(utils.SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light" {
utils.Fatalf("Light clients do not support mining")
}
var ethereum *eth.Ethereum
if err := stack.Service(ðereum); err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Ethereum service not running: %v", err)
}
// Set the gas price to the limits from the CLI and start mining
gasprice := utils.GlobalBig(ctx, utils.MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag.Name)
if ctx.IsSet(utils.MinerGasPriceFlag.Name) {
gasprice = utils.GlobalBig(ctx, utils.MinerGasPriceFlag.Name)
}
ethereum.TxPool().SetGasPrice(gasprice)
threads := ctx.GlobalInt(utils.MinerLegacyThreadsFlag.Name)
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.MinerThreadsFlag.Name) {
threads = ctx.GlobalInt(utils.MinerThreadsFlag.Name)
}
if err := ethereum.StartMining(threads); err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to start mining: %v", err)
}
}
}
B. 新transaction用私钥来sign
web3.js -> net.listener->RPC.server
i. AccountManager
accountManager存储了远端的wallet信息
// Manager is an overarching account manager that can communicate with various
// backends for signing transactions.
type Manager struct {
backends map[reflect.Type][]Backend // Index of backends currently registered
updaters []event.Subscription // Wallet update subscriptions for all backends
updates chan WalletEvent // Subscription sink for backend wallet changes
wallets []Wallet // Cache of all wallets from all registered backends
feed event.Feed // Wallet feed notifying of arrivals/departures
quit chan chan error
lock sync.RWMutex
}
C. 在本地验证新transaction可行
D. 广播
E. 其他节点接受并验证
F: Miner节点接受并打包
G: 其他节点接受并承认