1.基于Python实现,用到了django后台处理,刷新验证码功能,其他语言大同小异
2.登录界面
login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content=""> <title>DevOPS v1.0</title> <!-- Bootstrap Core CSS -->
<link href="/static/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- MetisMenu CSS -->
<link href="/static/vendor/metisMenu/metisMenu.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- Custom CSS -->
<link href="/static/dist/css/sb-admin-2.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- Custom Fonts -->
<link href="/static/vendor/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <!-- HTML5 Shim and Respond.js IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
<!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/html5shiv/3.7.0/html5shiv.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
<![endif]--> </head> <body> <div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">
<div class="login-panel panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Please Sign In</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<form role="form" action="/index/login/" method="post">
<fieldset>
<div class="form-group">
<input class="form-control" placeholder="Username" name="username" type="text"
autofocus>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input class="form-control" placeholder="Password" name="password" type="password"
value="">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input class="form-control" placeholder="验证码" name="yanzhengma" type="text" value="">
{# <span><img src={{ data }}></span>#}
{# <span>{{ data }}</span>#}
<img src="/index/yanzhengma/" onclick="ChangeCode(this);"/>
<div style="color: red;">{{ msg }}</div>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input name="remember" type="checkbox" value="Remember Me">Remember Me
</label>
</div>
<!-- Change this to a button or input when using this as a form -->
{# <a href="/login/" class="btn btn-lg btn-success btn-block">Login</a>#}
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-lg btn-success btn-block" name="Login"/>
</fieldset>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div> <!-- jQuery -->
<script src="/static/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- Bootstrap Core JavaScript -->
<script src="/static/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <!-- Metis Menu Plugin JavaScript -->
<script src="/static/vendor/metisMenu/metisMenu.min.js"></script> <!-- Custom Theme JavaScript -->
<script src="/static/dist/js/sb-admin-2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">
function ChangeCode(ths) {
var src_re = $(ths).attr('src');
$(ths).attr('src', src_re + '?');
}
</script> </body> </html>
里面涉及到2个后端视图函数login和get_yanzhengma
3.后端视图函数
helper.py
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import random # 随机字母:
def rndChar():
return chr(random.randint(65, 90)) + chr(random.randint(65, 90)) + chr(random.randint(65, 90)) + chr(random.randint(65, 90))
Django的views.py
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
##############################
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, render_to_response,redirect
from app import models
from helper import rndChar
from PIL import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw
import io # Create your views here. def index(request):
# return HttpResponse('123456')
return render_to_response('app/pages/index.html') def login(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
print request.POST
username = request.POST.get('username',None)
password = request.POST.get('password',None)
yanzhengma = request.POST.get('yanzhengma',None)
# print yanzhengma,request.session['yanzhengma']
if yanzhengma.upper() != request.session['yanzhengma'].upper():
return render_to_response('app/pages/login.html',{'msg':'验证码错误'})
count = models.AdminInfo.objects.filter(username=username,password=password).count()
if count > 0:
request.session['is_login'] = {'user':username}
return redirect('/index/')
# return render_to_response('app/pages/index.html')
else:
return render_to_response('app/pages/login.html',{'msg':'账户密码错误'})
else:
# print stream.getvalue()
# im.save("static/image/t.png")
# request.session['yanzhengma'] = text
return render_to_response('app/pages/login.html',{'msg':''}) def yanzhengma(request):
#text为产生的4位随机字符串
text = rndChar()
# print text
request.session['yanzhengma'] = text
#图片处理程序,将文本做成图片
im = Image.new("RGB", (130, 35), (255, 255, 255))
dr = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
font = ImageFont.truetype("arial", 24)
# simsunb.ttf 这个从windows fonts copy一个过来
dr.text((10, 5), text, font=font, fill="#000000")
# im.show()
#创建一个io对象
stream = io.BytesIO()
#将图片对象im保存到stream对象里
im.save(stream, "png")
#stream.getvalue()图片二级制内容,再通过HttpResponse封装,返回给前端页面
return HttpResponse(stream.getvalue())
4.效果图展示
5.备注:
(1)img标签的src属性,去这个/get_yanzhengma/去取图片
(2)get_yanzhengma函数执行
(3)通过random模块生成随机码,4个字母
(4)通过PIL模块将随机数字转换为图片对象im
(5)创建一个BytesIO对象,内存对象,可以存储二进制的东西
(6)将图片对象保存到BytesIO对象中,此处在内存里
#话说为什么要将图片对象保存到BytesIO对象中而不是直接写到硬盘里存为图片文件呢?因为这样就保证了在同一个时刻,不同用户访问到的验证码是不一样的,而且都是存储在内存中的。
#如果写成验证码图片文件到硬盘里,有可能B页面显示的验证码是ABCD,但是B用户还没提交,A用户这会访问,刷新了验证码,把验证码变更为DCBA了,B页面里看到的还是ABCD,导致一直输不对验证码;无法保证2个用户的验证码图片冲突问题
#后端验证码的随机值是存储在session中的,每次用户GET请求,服务器上生成随机验证码存储在session中,并给页面返回,如果用户提交的验证码和后端session中记录的一致通过,如果不一致,重新刷新验证码,用户重新进行提交
(7)BytesIO对象的getvalue()方法返回二进制内容
(8)django提供的HttpResponse封装二进制内容为识别的东西传递给前端
(7)前端img标签正常显示图片
(9)用户点击图片,js先获取到这个图片标签,取到当前的src属性值存为变量src_re,然后更改src的属性值为src_re + ?
#为什么要加?呢是因为GET请求,每最后加一个?代表一个新的url,但是效果呢是和/index/yanzhengma/是一致的,每点一次,后面加一个?。/index/yanzhengma/? /index/yanzhengma/??这个意思
#如果每次只更改src的属性值为/index/yanzhengma/的话,不会进行request请求,会直接浏览器缓存读取。达不到刷新验证码的目的