Kali Linux下常用软件安装及配置

2022-12-07 18:18:55

0x00 Synaptic

Synaptic（新立得）是一个高级软件包管理器，它可以管理系统内安装的每个软件及包组件，在图形界面内完成LINUX系统软件的搜寻、安装和删除。

Synaptic安装简单，命令如下：

yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install synaptic

运行Synaptic，输入关键词后，可筛选列举更新源中获取的所有相关包。

0x01 OpenVPN

使用国外VPS搭建OpenVPN，实现本地Kali客户端与远程Ubuntu服务端的VPN通信。

服务端

  1. 下载并安装 LZO && OpenSSL && OpenVPN
  2. 生成密钥文件 
    root@server:/# openvpn --genkey --secret /etc/openvpn/secret.key

    密钥文件secret.key需拷贝至客户端

  3. 服务端配置文件 
    root@server:/# vi /et/openvpn/server.conf

    dev tun
    ifconfig 172.16.10.1 172.16.10.2
    keepalive 10 60
    proto tcp-server
    port 1119
    #user nobody
    #group nogroup
    persist-tun
    persist-key
    comp-lzo
    verb 3
    secret /etc/openvpn/secret.key

  4. 添加开机启动 
    root@server:/# vi /etc/rc.local

    echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
    iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 172.16.10.1/32 -o venet0 -j MASQUERADE
    iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 172.16.10.2/32 -o venet0 -j MASQUERADE
    /usr/local/sbin/openvpn /etc/openvpn/server.conf &
    exit 0

客户端

  1. 拷贝密钥文件至/etc/openvpn/secret.key
  2. 客户端配置文件 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo vi /etc/openvpn/client.ovpn

    dev tun
    remote 12.34.56.78 # remote ip address of openvpn server
    ifconfig 172.16.10.2 172.16.10.1
    keepalive 10 60
    proto tcp-client
    port 1119
    persist-tun
    persist-key
    comp-lzo
    verb 3
    secret /etc/openvpn/secret.key
    redirect-gateway def1

  3. 运行OpenVPN建立通信 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo openvpn /etc/openvpn/client.ovpn

    Sat Jul 11 12:11:55 2015 OpenVPN 2.2.1 x86_64-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [eurephia] [MH] [PF_INET6] [IPv6 payload 20110424-2 (2.2RC2)] built on Dec 1 2014
    ...
    Sat Jul 11 12:11:57 2015 Initialization Sequence Completed

0x02 VirtualBox

VirtualBox小巧精悍，适合用于Kali中运行Windows7虚拟机。

  1. 添加源及密钥 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian wheezy contrib"  >> /etc/apt/sources.list
    
yogy@kali:~$ wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
  2. 更新源并安装 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get update
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install virtualbox-4.3 dkms
  3. 修改虚拟系统文件大小 
    yogy@kali:~/VirtualBox VMs/win7$ vboxmanage modifyhd win7.vdi --resize 52428
  4. 删除多余内核 
    yogy@kali:~$ dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image
    
linux-image-3.18.0-kali3-amd64            install
    
linux-image-3.7-trunk-amd64            install
    
yogy@kali:~$ uname -a
    
Linux kali 3.18.0-kali3-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.18.6-1~kali2 (2015-03-02) x86_64 GNU/Linux
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.7-trunk-amd64
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get autoclean

  5. USB赋权

    • 将当前用户加入vboxusers组 
      yogy@kali:sudo /usr/sbin/usermod -G vboxusers -a yogy

    • 查询vboxusers组编号

      yogy@kali:~$ cat /etc/group | grep vboxusers

      vboxusers:x:137:yogy

    • 添加读写权限

      yogy@kali:~$ sudo echo "none /proc/bus/usb usbfs devgid=137,devmode=664 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
  6. 启动USB
    下载并添加VirtualBox扩展包，启动USB 2.0控制器，分配USB设备。

0x03 Code::Blocks

Code::Blocks是一款轻量级开源跨平台C/C++ IDE，极力推荐。

  1. 官网下载源码
  2. 二次解压*.tar.xz 
    yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ xz -d codeblocks-13.12-1_amd64.debian.stable.tar.xz
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ tar -zxvf codeblocks-13.12-1_amd64.debian.stable.tar
  3. 安装*.deb 
    yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cd /debian-stable/amd64
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads/debian-stable/amd64$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads/debian-stable/amd64$ sudo apt-get -f install
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads/debian-stable/amd64$ sudo dpkg -i codeblocks-common_13.12-1_all.deb
  4. 修改输出终端
    Environment settings -- General settings -- Terminal to launch console programs: gnome-terminal -t $TITLE -x
  5. 汉化（可选）
    • 下载*.mo
    • 移至指定目录 
      yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ mkdir -p /usr/share/codeblocks/locale/zh_CN
      
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cp codeblocks.mo /usr/share/codeblocks/locale/zh_CN
    • Environment settings -- View -- Internationalization: Chinese (Simplified)

0x04 Pycharm

给最爱的Python，配最好的IDE。

  1. 修改java版本

    yogy@kali:~$ update-alternatives --config java

    有 2 个候选项可用于替换 java (提供 /usr/bin/java)。
    选择 路径 优先级 状态
    * 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1061 自动模式
    1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1061 手动模式
    2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1051 手动模式
    要维持当前值[*]请按回车键，或者键入选择的编号：2

    yogy@kali:~$ update-alternatives --config javac

    有 2 个候选项可用于替换 javac (提供 /usr/bin/javac)。
    选择 路径 优先级 状态
    * 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac 1061 自动模式
    1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac 1061 手动模式
    2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac 1051 手动模式
    要维持当前值[*]请按回车键，或者键入选择的编号：2
    update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac to provide /usr/bin/javac (javac) in 手动模式

  2. 下载并安装 
    yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://download-cf.jetbrains.com/python/pycharm-professional-4.5.2.tar.gz
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo tar -zxvf pycharm-professional-4.5.2.tar.gz
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo cp -r pycharm-4.5.2 /opt/
  3. 获取注册码
    Jetbrains旗下产品，学生可通过University email address、ISIC/ITIC membership、Official document三种方式免费申请。

  4. 创建快捷方式

    • 手动创建

      yogy@kali:/usr/share/applications$ sudo gedit jetbrains-pycharm.desktop

      [Desktop Entry]
      Version=1.0
      Type=Application
      Name=PyCharm
      Icon=/opt/pycharm-4.5.2/bin/pycharm.png
      Exec="/opt/pycharm-4.5.2/bin/pycharm.sh" %f
      Comment=Develop with pleasure!
      Categories=Development;IDE;
      Terminal=false
      StartupWMClass=jetbrains-pycharm

    • 软件创建
      Configure -- Creat Desktop Entry

0x05 ns-3

ns-3是针对互联网系统的离散事件网络仿真平台，主要用于研究。

  1. 下载ns-3源码 
    yogy@kali:/home/yogy/Workspace$ wget http://www.nsnam.org/release/ns-allinone-3.23.tar.bz2
    
yogy@kali:/home/yogy/Workspace$ tar xjf ns-allinone-3.23.tar.bz2

  2. 安装Doxygen

    yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/doxygen/rel-1.8.10/doxygen-1.8.10.linux.bin.tar.gz
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ gedit Makefile

    RM = rm -f
    VERSION = 1.8.10
    INSTALL = /usr/local
    INSTTOOL = /usr/bin/install
    DOXYDOCS = ..
    export TMAKEPATH
    install:
    $(INSTTOOL) -d $(INSTALL)/bin
    $(INSTTOOL) -d $(INSTALL)/doc/doxygen
    $(INSTTOOL) -m 755 bin/doxygen $(INSTALL)/bin

    yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ ./configure
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ sudo make
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ sudo make install
  3. 生成文档 
    yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23$ doxygen doc/doxygen.conf
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc$ sudo easy_install Sphinx dia
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc/tutorial$ make html
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc/manual$ make html
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc/models$ make html
  4. 编译运行 
    yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23$ ./waf configure --enable-tests --enable-examples
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23$ ./waf --run hello-simulator

0x06 ndnSIM

  1. 安装依赖库 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo aptitude install libboost-all-dev
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install python-dev python-pygraphviz python-kiwi python-pygoocanvas python-gnome2 python-rsvg ipython
  2. 下载ndnSIM源码 
    yogy@kali:~/Workspace$ mkdir ndnSIM
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM$ git clone -b ndnSIM-v1 git://github.com/cawka/ns-3-dev-ndnSIM ns-3
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM$ git clone git://github.com/cawka/pybindgen.git pybindgen
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM$ git clone -b master-v1 git://github.com/named-data/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM
  3. 编译运行 
    yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM/ns-3$ ./waf configure --enable-tests --enable-examples
    
yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM/ns-3$ ./waf --run=ndn-simple --vis

0x07 Eclipse

Eclipse+CDT实现C/C++编程，并修改配置以调试ns-3。

  1. 安装Eclipse 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install eclipse eclipse-cdt eclipse-cdt-pkg-config
  2. 配置用于ns-3
    • 新建ns-3项目

      New -- C++ Project
      Project name: ns-3.23
      Location: /home/yogy/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23

    • 配置Waf编译器

      Builder Settings:
      Build command: ${workspace_loc:/ns-3.23}/waf
      Build directory: ${workspace_loc:/ns-3.23}/build
      Behaviour:
      Build(Incremental Build): all --> build

    • 配置调试器

      Run -- Debug Configurations:
      C/C++ Application: build/src/ndnSIM/examples/ns3-dev-ndn-tree-cs-tracers-debug
      Project: ns-3.23
      Environment -- New:
      Variable: LD_LIBRARY_PATH
      Value: ${workspace_loc:/ns-3.23}/build

0x08 Tex

Tex是一套优秀的电子排版系统，常用于论文写作。

  1. 安装TeXLive
    • 下载texlive2015.iso
    • 挂载镜像 
      yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo mount -o loop texlive2015.iso  /mnt/
      
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cd /mnt
      
yogy@kali:/mnt# ./install-tl
    • 修改环境变量 
      yogy@kali:~$ vim ~/.bashrc

      # TeX Live 2015export
      MANPATH=${MANPATH}:/usr/local/texlive/2015/texmf-dist/doc/manexport INFOPATH=${INFOPATH}:/usr/local/texlive/2015/texmf-dist/doc/infoexport PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/texlive/2015/bin/x86_64-linux

  2. 添加字体 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install ttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei xfonts-wqy
    
yogy@kali:~$ cp /home/yogy/Downloads/fonts/* ~/.fonts/
  3. 安装TeXstudio 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install exstudio

0x09 WPS

不稳定，用于临时查看 *.doc / *.ppt / .*xls。

  1. 安装32位框架 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
    
yogy@kali:~$ dpkg --print-architecture
    
amd64
    
yogy@kali:~$ dpkg --print-foreign-architectures
    
i386
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get -f install
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install libc6-i386 ia32-libs libnotify-bin ia32-libs-gtk
  2. 下载并安装WPS 
    yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://wdl1.cache.wps.cn/wps/download/Linux/unstable/wps-office_8.1.0.3724~b1p2_i386.deb
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo dpkg -i wps-office_8.1.0.3724-b1p2_i386.deb
  3. 添加缺失字体 
    yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cp {Wingdings\ 2.ttf,Wingdings\ 3.ttf,Wingdings.ttf,webdings.ttf,MTExtra.ttf} ~/.fonts/
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo fc-cache -fv

0x0a Audacious

Audacious是一个支持多种格式轻巧快速的音乐播放器，可解决多数外文乱码问题。

  1. 安装 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install audacious
  2. 配置
    外观 -- 界面: Winamp Classic Interface
    外观 -- 界面设置 -- 使用点阵字体：取消
    首选项 -- 播放列表：
    自动检测下列编码: 汉语
    备用字符编码: GBK
  3. 播放列表为 *.m3u

0x0b Wine

Wine是一个能够在多种POSIX-compliant操作系统（诸如 Linux，Mac OSX 及 BSD 等）上运行 Windows 应用的兼容层。

  1. 添加32位框架支持 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo  dpkg --add-architecture i386
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo  apt-get update
  2. 安装32位Wine 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo  apt-get install wine-bin:i386

0x0c MongoDB

MongoDB是开源文档型数据库，是非关系型数据库（NoSql）中流行的一种。

  1. 添加源及密钥 
    yogy@kali:~$ echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian wheezy/mongodb-org/3.0 main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv 7F0CEB10
  2. 更新源并安装 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get update
    
yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org
  3. 禁止版本更新 
    yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    
yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    
yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    
yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    
yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

  4. 运行

    • 启动 
      yogy@kali:~$ sudo service mongod start

    • 验证

      yogy@kali:~$ sudo vim /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log

      2015-08-27T20:49:03.357+0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] journal dir=/var/lib/mongodb/journal
      ...
      2015-08-27T20:49:03.764+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

    • 终止

      yogy@kali:~$ sudo service mongod stop

0x0d GitHub

作为开源代码库以及版本控制系统，Github拥有140多万开发者用户。

  1. 建立Git 
    yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install git
    
yogy@kali:~$ git config --global user.name "yogykwan"
    
yogy@kali:~$ git config --global user.email "jingg.cxy@foxmail.com"
  2. HTTPS认证 
    • yogy@kali:~$ git config --global credential.helper cache
      
yogy@kali:~$ git config --global credential.helper 'cache --timeout=3600'
  3. SSH认证
    • 确认已有ssh key ls -al ~/.ssh
    • 生成密钥 ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "jingg.cxy@foxmail.com"
    • 确认开启ssh eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    • 本地添加密钥 ssh-add /home/yogy/.ssh/id_rsa
    • 远端添加密钥，将~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub内容复制到SSH keys
    • 测试连接 ssh -T git@github.com

0x0e Webstorm

与Pycharm同属Jetbrains旗下，主要用于开发Javascript，Web前端开发神器。

  1. 下载并安装 
    yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://download-cf.jetbrains.com/webstorm/WebStorm-10.0.4.tar.gz
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo tar -zxvf WebStorm-10.0.4.tar.gz
    
yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo cp -r WebStorm-141.1550 /opt/
  2. 获取注册码
    Jetbrains旗下产品，学生可通过University email address、ISIC/ITIC membership、Official document三种方式免费申请。

  3. 创建快捷方式

    • 手动创建

      yogy@kali:/usr/share/applications$ sudo gedit jetbrains-webstorm.desktop

      [Desktop Entry]
      Version=1.0
      Type=Application
      Name=WebStorm
      Icon=/opt/WebStorm-141.1550/bin/webide.png
      Exec="/opt/WebStorm-141.1550/bin/webstorm.sh" %f
      Comment=Develop with pleasure!
      Categories=Development;IDE;
      Terminal=false
      StartupWMClass=jetbrains-webstorm

    • 软件创建
      Configure -- Creat Desktop Entry

  4. 安装SASS 
    yogy@kali:/$ sudo su -c "gem install sass"

0x0f µTorrent

µTorrent是各大BT网站指定下载工具。

  1. 下载并解压
  2. 添加配置文件 
    yogy@kali:~/utorrent-server-alpha-v3_3$ vim utserver.conf

    #Internal Settings
    ut_webui_port: 8080
    dir_active: /home/yogy/PT/.tmp/
    dir_completed: /home/yogy/PT/
    preferred_interface: eth0
    #Regular Settings
    #传入链接所使用的端口
    bind_port: 5158
    #最大上传速度（kb/s）
    max_ul_rate: 50000
    #最大下载速度(kb/s)
    max_dl_rate: 50000
    #全局最大链接数
    max_total_connections: 800
    #每个Torrent的最大链接数
    conns_per_torrent: 500
    #每个Torrent的上传通道数
    ul_slots_per_torrent: 6

  3. 运行./utserver
  4. 打开WebUI，登录admin账户（无密码）
  5. 添加从PT网站下载的.torrent种子文件

0x10 一键安装

yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install gimp #图片

yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install okular #PDF

yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install smplayer #视频

0x11 结束语

常用软件记录完毕，Kali特性待另开新篇。

Kali Linux下常用软件安装及配置
Kali Linux
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