需求:添加一块100M的硬盘并把它永久挂载到/data01上,写出详细的操作步骤
方法一:
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l |grep 'sdb'
Disk /dev/sdb: 106 MB, 106954752 bytes
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -cu /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): m
Command action
……
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
w write table to disk and exit
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First sector (2048-208895, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-208895, default 208895):
Using default value 208895
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 106 MB, 106954752 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 102 cylinders, total 208896 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x65338ab6
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 208895 103424 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
#通知系统/dev/sdb硬盘的磁盘分区表变化了
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
#关闭磁盘分区的自动检查
[root@localhost ~]# tune2fs -c 0 -i 0 /dev/sdb1
注释:
-c 0 count 关闭每挂载多少次进行磁盘检查的功能
-i 0 interval 关闭每个180天进行磁盘检查功能
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 19G 5.0G 14G 27% /
tmpfs 120M 0 120M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 145M 20% /boot
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data01
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data01
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 19G 5.0G 14G 27% /
tmpfs 120M 0 120M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 145M 20% /boot
/dev/sdb1 94M 1.6M 88M 2% /data01
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
....
/dev/sdb1 /data01 ext4 defaults 0 0
第一个0表示:关闭自动备份功能
第二个0表示:关闭磁盘自动检查功能
方法二:
使用parted 工具分区(可用于大于2T的数据盘分区),常用参数说明:
p[rint] 显示磁盘分区表信息
mklabel 创建磁盘分区表,可用的磁盘分区表为:gpt、msdos(mbr)
mkpart 创建分区
rm 删除分区
q 退出不保存
parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt y
parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0 -1 Ignore(全部容量默认给一个分区)
parted /dev/sdb p
partprobe /dev/sdb
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
tune2fs -c 0 -i 0 /dev/sdb1
/bin/mount /dev/sdb1 /data01/
df -h
echo "/bin/mount /dev/sdb1 /data01/" >>/etc/rc.local
步骤总结:
1.分区
2.通知系统/dev/sdb硬盘的磁盘分区表变化了格式化创建文件系统
3.格式化创建文件系统
4.关闭磁盘分区的自动检查
5.进行磁盘分区挂载
6.进行永久挂载(开机自动挂载)