Scoop - 在Windows命令行上进行程序安装

2019-01-28  22:49:21

资料来源自Scoop官方网站以及github上的帮助文档

Scoop -- A command-line installer for Windows

是开发人员用来安装程序用的,使用命令行进行操作。

安装前提(所需要的环境):

操作环境:win10。

确保你的 PowerShell 版本 >= 3. win7或许低于3,得升级。

PowerShell在哪里?以下三种方法可找到:

  1. win + R 打开运行后输入powershell然后确定;(和环境变量有关)

  2. cmd中输入powershell然后回车;(和环境变量有关)

  3. 在开始菜单中查找;

如何查看自己的PowerShell 版本呢?在PowerShell中输入如下内容:

$psversiontable.psversion.major

本人电脑上显示如下:

 PS C:\Users\user> $psversiontable.psversion.major
5

然后确保你允许PowerShell执行本地脚本,在PowerShell中输入如下内容,已完成执行策略的更改:

set-executionpolicy remotesigned -scope currentuser

遇到提示,输入Y即可。

开始安装Scoop.

在PowerShell中输入如下内容(将会安装到默认目录C:\Users\user(自己的用户名)\scoop,也可指定安装目录):

iex (new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://get.scoop.sh')

想要指定安装目录,在PowerShell中输入如下内容(代码中的D:\Applications\Scoop为指定的目录):

[environment]::setEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP','D:\Applications\Scoop','User')
$env:SCOOP='D:\Applications\Scoop'
iex (new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://get.scoop.sh')

等待安装完成。。。

使用Scoop(在cmd和PowerShell中输入以下命令均可,因为已经为Scoop自动设置了环境变量)。

输入以下命令查看Scoop命令的概述:

scoop help

结果显示如下:

 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop help
Usage: scoop <command> [<args>] Some useful commands are: alias Manage scoop aliases
bucket Manage Scoop buckets
cache Show or clear the download cache
checkup Check for potential problems
cleanup Cleanup apps by removing old versions
config Get or set configuration values
create Create a custom app manifest
depends List dependencies for an app
export Exports (an importable) list of installed apps
help Show help for a command
home Opens the app homepage
info Display information about an app
install Install apps
list List installed apps
prefix Returns the path to the specified app
reset Reset an app to resolve conflicts
search Search available apps
status Show status and check for new app versions
uninstall Uninstall an app
update Update apps, or Scoop itself
virustotal Look for app's hash on virustotal.com
which Locate a shim/executable (similar to 'which' on Linux) Type 'scoop help <command>' to get help for a specific command.

输入'scoop help <command>'可以查看具体的某个命令的用法,如下所示:

scoop help install

显示结果如下:

 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop help install
Usage: scoop install <app> [options] e.g. The usual way to install an app (uses your local 'buckets'):
scoop install git To install an app from a manifest at a URL:
scoop install https://raw.github.com/lukesampson/scoop/master/bucket/runat.json To install an app from a manifest on your computer
scoop install \path\to\app.json When installing from your computer, you can leave the .json extension off if you like. Options:
-g, --global Install the app globally
-i, --independent Don't install dependencies automatically
-k, --no-cache Don't use the download cache
-s, --skip Skip hash validation (use with caution!)
-a, --arch <32bit|64bit> Use the specified architecture, if the app supports it

查找要安装的程序,如gradle:

scoop search gradle

显示结果如下:

 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop search gradle
'main' bucket:
gradle-bin (5.1.1)
gradle (5.1.1)

查找所有可用程序:

scoop search

安装程序,如gradle,默认会安装到Scoop安装目录下的apps目录:

scoop install gradle

显示结果如下:

 PS C:\Users\15991> scoop install gradle
Installing 'gradle' (5.1.1) [32bit]
gradle-5.1.1-all.zip (124.7 MB) [> ] 1%

也可将程序安装到指定目录,如F:\GlobalScoopApps:

[environment]::setEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP_GLOBAL','F:\GlobalScoopApps','Machine')
$env:SCOOP_GLOBAL='F:\GlobalScoopApps'
scoop install -g <app>

对Scoop进行版本更新:

scoop update

对Scoop安装的所有程序进行更新(也可指定某个程序进行更新):

scoop update *
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