以下流程都是使用沙箱环境完成,不是正式环境。使用drf后台和vue前端
支付宝一些注意事项和文档链接地址:
# 1、在沙箱环境下实名认证:https://openhome.alipay.com/platform/appDaily.htm?tab=info # 2、电脑网站支付API:https://docs.open.alipay.com/270/105898/ # 3、完成RSA密钥生成:https://docs.open.alipay.com/291/105971 # 4、在开发中心的沙箱应用下设置应用公钥:填入生成的公钥文件中的内容 # 5、Python支付宝开源框架:https://github.com/fzlee/alipaypip install python-alipay-sdk --upgrade # 7、公钥私钥设置 """ # alipay_public_key.pem -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- 支付宝公钥 -----END PUBLIC KEY----- # app_private_key.pem -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- 用户私钥 -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- """ # 8、支付宝链接 """ 开发:https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do 沙箱:https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do """
支付宝流程图
aliapy二次封装包
安装aliapy
pip install python-alipay-sdk --upgrade
目录结构:(大致)
libs ├── iPay # aliapy二次封装包 │ ├── __init__.py # 包文件 │ ├── keys # 密钥文件夹 │ │ ├── alipay_public_key.pem # 支付宝公钥 │ │ └── app_private_key.pem # 应用私钥 └── └── settings.py # 应用配置
settings.py (只有APP_ID需要改成自己的,其他按照默认的就行)
import os # 支付宝应用id APP_ID = '2016093000631831' # 默认异步回调的地址,通常设置None就行 APP_NOTIFY_URL = None # 应用私钥文件路径 APP_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'keys', 'app_private_key.pem') # 支付宝公钥文件路径 ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'keys', 'alipay_public_key.pem') # 签名方式 SIGN_TYPE = 'RSA2' # 是否是测试环境 - 是否是支付宝沙箱 DEBUG = True # 支付连接 DEV_PAY_URL = 'https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?' PROD_PAY_URL = 'https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do?'
__init__.py
from alipay import AliPay from .settings import * # 对外提供支付对象 alipay = AliPay( appid=APP_ID, app_notify_url=APP_NOTIFY_URL, app_private_key_path=APP_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH, alipay_public_key_path=ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH, sign_type=SIGN_TYPE, debug=DEBUG ) # 对外提供的支付链接前缀 pay_url = DEV_PAY_URL if DEBUG else PROD_PAY_URL
aliapy_public_key.pem (放支付宝公钥)
生成支付宝公钥的方法:
一、点击下面链接
https://docs.open.alipay.com/291/105971
1.先下载工具安装 2.生成应用公钥和私钥,我们只需要使用应用公钥,复制
二、点击下面链接到沙箱环境
https://openhome.alipay.com/platform/appDaily.htm
只需要设置这个密钥,然后到里面粘贴你上一步中复制的应用公钥就能获取到支付宝公钥
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- 支付宝公钥 -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
app_private_key.pem(应用私钥)
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- 应用私钥 -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
应用私钥在上面下载的工具中生成的。
补充配置系统的配置文件settings.py
# 前后台base_url UP_BASE_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080' END_BASE_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000' # alipay回调接口配置 # 上线后必须换成官网地址 # 同步回调的接口(get),前后台分离时一般设置前台页面url RETURN_URL = UP_BASE_URL + '/pay/success' # 异步回调的接口(post),一定设置为后台服务器接口 NOTIFY_URL = END_BASE_URL + '/order/success/'
支付模块的数据库models设计
order/models.py
from django.db import models # 订单表: from django.db import models from utils.model import BaseModel from user.models import User from course.models import Course class Order(models.Model): """订单模型""" status_choices = ( (0, '未支付'), (1, '已支付'), (2, '已取消'), (3, '超时取消'), ) pay_choices = ( (1, '支付宝'), (2, '微信支付'), ) subject = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name="订单标题") total_amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="订单总价", default=0) out_trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name="订单号", unique=True) trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, null=True, verbose_name="流水号") order_status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=status_choices, default=0, verbose_name="订单状态") pay_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=pay_choices, default=1, verbose_name="支付方式") pay_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, verbose_name="支付时间") user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='user_orders', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="下单用户") class Meta: db_table = "luffy_order" verbose_name = "订单记录" verbose_name_plural = "订单记录" def __str__(self): return "%s - ¥%s" % (self.subject, self.total_amount) @property def courses(self): data_list = [] for item in self.order_courses.all(): data_list.append({ "id": item.id, "course_name": item.course.name, "real_price": item.real_price, }) return data_list class OrderDetail(BaseModel): """订单详情""" order = models.ForeignKey(Order, related_name='order_courses', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="订单") course = models.ForeignKey(Course, related_name='course_orders', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="课程") price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程原价") real_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程实价") class Meta: db_table = "luffy_order_detail" verbose_name = "订单详情" verbose_name_plural = "订单详情" def __str__(self): return "%s订单(%s)" % (self.course.name, self.order.out_trade_no)
后台接口路由设计
from django.urls import path from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('pay/', views.PayAPIView.as_view()), path('success/', views.SuccessAPIView.as_view()), ]
订单序列化模块设计serializers
from rest_framework import serializers from . import models class OrderModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.Order fields = ('name', 'total_price', 'out_trade_no', 'pay_type', 'user') extra_kwargs = { 'pay_type': { 'required': True }, 'total_price': { 'required': True }, }
支付接口生成支付链接(在后台生成支付链接的参数,在前台拼接成支付路径,然后跳转到该支付宝支付界面)
使用场景:
比如在一个订单页面,点击提交订单支付,前端把需要的参数返回给后台,到PayAPIView视图类
import time from rest_framework.views import APIView from utils.response import APIResponse from libs.iPay import alipay from . import authentications, serializers from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated from django.conf import settings # 获取前台 商品名、价格,产生 订单、支付链接 class PayAPIView(APIView): authentication_classes = [authentications.JWTAuthentication] permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated] def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): # 前台提供:商品名、总价、支付方式 request_data = request.data # 后台产生:订单号、用户 out_trade_no = '%d' % time.time() * 2 request_data['out_trade_no'] = out_trade_no request_data['user'] = request.user.id # 反序列化数据,用于订单生成前的校验 order_ser = serializers.OrderModelSerializer(data=request_data) if order_ser.is_valid(): # 生成订单,订单默认状态为:未支付 order = order_ser.save() # 支付链接的参数 order_string = alipay.api_alipay_trade_page_pay( subject=order.subject, out_trade_no=order.out_trade_no, total_amount='%.2f' % order.total_amount, return_url=settings.RETURN_URL, notify_url=settings.NOTIFY_URL ) # 形成支付链接:alipay._gateway根据字符环境DEBUG配置信息,决定是沙箱还是真实支付环境 pay_url = '%s?%s' % (alipay._gateway, order_string) return APIResponse(0, 'ok', pay_url=pay_url) return APIResponse(1, 'no ok', results=order_ser.errors)
vue支付部分代码
buy() { // 检测登录状态 let token = this.token; window.console.log(token); if (!token) { this.$message("请先登录"); return false } this.$axios({ url: this.$settings.base_url + '/order/pay/', method: 'post', headers: { // 需要登录后访问的接口,默认认证信息就有authorization authorization: `jwt ${token}`, }, //后端向前端传递数据 data: { name:this.goods_name , //商品名 total_price: this.total_price, //总价格 pay_type: 0 //支付方式 } }).then(response => { let pay_url = response.data.pay_url; //后台拼接访问支付宝支付的路径 // js自身链接发生跳转 window.open(pay_url, '_self'); //跳转到支付界面,输入支付宝用户和密码 }).catch(() => { this.$message("订单生成失败!"); }) },
支付成功之后需要返回一个页面,所以我们需要绑定一个自定义的支付成功页面
在项目的settings.py中我们已经设定了
RETURN_URL :同步回调接口get,一般是前台页面的url
NOTIFY_URL:异步回调接口post,一般是后台服务器接口(这个路径和前端访问后端的路径设置需要一致)
下面我们开始前后台回调页面的设计
前台回调接口的页面,设计路径
{ path: '/pay/success', name: 'pay-success', component: PaySuccess },
PaySuccess.vue
<template> <div class="pay-success"> <Header/> <div class="main"> <div class="title"> <div class="success-tips"> <p class="tips">您已成功购买 1 门课程!</p> </div> </div> <div class="order-info"> <p class="info"><b>订单号:</b><span>{{ result.out_trade_no }}</span></p> <p class="info"><b>交易号:</b><span>{{ result.trade_no }}</span></p> <p class="info"><b>付款时间:</b><span><span>{{ result.timestamp }}</span></span></p> </div> <div class="study"> <span>立即学习</span> </div> </div> <Footer/> </div> </template> <script> import Header from "@/components/Header" import Footer from "@/components/Footer" export default { name: "Success", data() { return { result: {}, }; }, created() { // 判断登录状态 let token = this.$cookies.get('token'); if (!token) { this.$message.error('非法请求'); this.$router.go(-1) } localStorage.this_nav = '/'; if (!location.search.length) return; let params = location.search.substring(1); let items = params.length ? params.split('&') : []; //逐个将每一项添加到args对象中 for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) { let k_v = items[i].split('='); //解码操作,因为查询字符串经过编码的 let k = decodeURIComponent(k_v[0]); let v = decodeURIComponent(k_v[1]); this.result[k] = v; // this.result[k_v[0]] = k_v[1]; } // console.log(this.result); // 把地址栏上面的支付结果,转发给后端 this.$axios({ url: this.$settings.base_url + '/order/success/' + location.search, method: 'patch', headers: { Authorization: token } }).then(response => { console.log(response.data); }).catch(() => { console.log('支付结果同步失败'); }) }, components: { Header, Footer, } } </script> <style scoped> .main { padding: 60px 0; margin: 0 auto; width: 1200px; background: #fff; } .main .title { display: flex; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; padding: 25px 40px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2; } .main .title .success-tips { box-sizing: border-box; } .title img { vertical-align: middle; width: 60px; height: 60px; margin-right: 40px; } .title .success-tips { box-sizing: border-box; } .title .tips { font-size: 26px; color: #000; } .info span { color: #ec6730; } .order-info { padding: 25px 48px; padding-bottom: 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2; } .order-info p { display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 16px; } .order-info p b { font-weight: 400; color: #9d9d9d; white-space: nowrap; } .study { padding: 25px 40px; } .study span { display: block; width: 140px; height: 42px; text-align: center; line-height: 42px; cursor: pointer; background: #ffc210; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 16px; color: #fff; } </style>View Code
后台支付完成订单校验的接口
from . import models from utils.logging import logger from rest_framework.response import Response class SuccessAPIView(APIView): # 不能认证,别人支付宝异步回调就进不来了 # authentication_classes = [authentications.JWTAuthentication] # permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated] def patch(self, request, *args, **kwargs): # 默认是QueryDict类型,不能使用pop方法 request_data = request.query_params.dict() # 必须将 sign、sign_type(内部有安全处理) 从数据中取出,拿sign与剩下的数据进行校验 sign = request_data.pop('sign') result = alipay.verify(request_data, sign) if result: # 同步回调:修改订单状态 try: out_trade_no = request_data.get('out_trade_no') order = models.Order.objects.get(out_trade_no=out_trade_no) if order.order_status != 1: order.order_status = 1 order.save() except: pass return APIResponse(0, '支付成功') return APIResponse(1, '支付失败') # 支付宝异步回调 def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): # 默认是QueryDict类型,不能使用pop方法 request_data = request.data.dict() # 必须将 sign、sign_type(内部有安全处理) 从数据中取出,拿sign与剩下的数据进行校验 sign = request_data.pop('sign') result = alipay.verify(request_data, sign) # 异步回调:修改订单状态 if result and request_data["trade_status"] in ("TRADE_SUCCESS", "TRADE_FINISHED" ): out_trade_no = request_data.get('out_trade_no') logger.critical('%s支付成功' % out_trade_no) try: order = models.Order.objects.get(out_trade_no=out_trade_no) if order.order_status != 1: order.order_status = 1 order.save() except: pass # 支付宝八次异步通知,订单成功一定要返回 success return Response('success') return Response('failed')
from django.db import models
# 订单表:from django.db import modelsfrom utils.model import BaseModelfrom user.models import Userfrom course.models import Course
class Order(models.Model): """订单模型""" status_choices = ( (0, '未支付'), (1, '已支付'), (2, '已取消'), (3, '超时取消'), ) pay_choices = ( (1, '支付宝'), (2, '微信支付'), ) subject = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name="订单标题") total_amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="订单总价", default=0) out_trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name="订单号", unique=True) trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, null=True, verbose_name="流水号") order_status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=status_choices, default=0, verbose_name="订单状态") pay_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=pay_choices, default=1, verbose_name="支付方式") pay_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, verbose_name="支付时间") user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='user_orders', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="下单用户") class Meta: db_table = "luffy_order" verbose_name = "订单记录" verbose_name_plural = "订单记录"
def __str__(self): return "%s - ¥%s" % (self.subject, self.total_amount)
@property def courses(self): data_list = [] for item in self.order_courses.all(): data_list.append({ "id": item.id, "course_name": item.course.name, "real_price": item.real_price, })
return data_list
class OrderDetail(BaseModel): """订单详情""" order = models.ForeignKey(Order, related_name='order_courses', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="订单") course = models.ForeignKey(Course, related_name='course_orders', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="课程") price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程原价") real_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程实价")
class Meta: db_table = "luffy_order_detail" verbose_name = "订单详情" verbose_name_plural = "订单详情"
def __str__(self): return "%s订单(%s)" % (self.course.name, self.order.out_trade_no)