复制过滤器可以让从节点复制指定的数据库或指定数据库的指定表
复制过滤器两种实现方式：
方法1.服务器选项：主服务器仅向二进制日志中记录与特定数据库相关的日志
注意：此方法只需要在主服务器上做即可，会影响具体的数据库的二进制日志生成，虽然实现了此功能，但后期通过二进制日志恢复数据库会收到一定的影响，慎用
实现方法：
基于一主两从的配置，修改MYSQL配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
[mysqld]
binlog-do-db=db1 #白名单模式，仅允许主服务器上生成db1的二进制日志，此选项不支持一行指定多个参数，需要每个参数写一行
binlog-do-db=db2
重启服务
systemctl restart mariadb.service
主服务器上删除了非db1和db2的一些数据库，发现这些二进制日志已无法同步到从节点
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| bdb |
| db2 |
| db3 |
| db5 |
| db6 |
| hellodb |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
9 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (3.002 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database bdb;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database db5;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database db6;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
| hellodb |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.000 sec)
从节点查看数据库，发现数据库并未改变，且slave正常
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| bdb |
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
| db5 |
| db6 |
| hellodb |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
10 rows in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.211
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 10
Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 487
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000006
Relay_Log_Pos: 788
Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes #此处显示状态正常
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #此处显示状态正常
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 487
Relay_Log_Space: 1549
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 211
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: conservative
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Slave_DDL_Groups: 11
Slave_Non_Transactional_Groups: 0
Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
主服务器上修改db1数据库，增加表格
MariaDB [db1]> create table jinlei (id int,name varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.004 sec)
从服务器上查看可以同步该库的表
MariaDB [(none)]> use db1
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [db1]> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db1 |
+---------------+
| jinlei |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
主服务器在db3数据库内添加表
MariaDB [db1]> use db3
Database changed
MariaDB [db3]> create table jinlei (id int,name varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)
从服务器无法同步db3数据库内的表
MariaDB [db1]> use db3
Database changed
MariaDB [db3]> show tables;
Empty set (0.000 sec)
总结：在主服务器上配置文件中仅允许记录db1、db2的二进制文件后，主服务器上修改其他的数据库则无法同步到从服务器，只能在db1或db2上修改数据库才能同步到从服务器。
方法2服务器选项：从服务器SQL_THREAD在relay log中的事件时，仅读取与特定数据库或特定表相关的事件并应用于本地；
因为二进制日志是在从服务器本地被过滤，二进制日志还是通过主服务器发送过来了，所以此方法会造成网络及磁盘I/O的浪费
从服务器上修改系统变量
MariaDB [db3]> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)
MariaDB [db3]> set global replicate_do_db='db1,db2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
主服务器上在db2中增加一个表
MariaDB [(none)]> use db2
Database changed
MariaDB [db2]> create table jiang (id int,name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)
从服务器上db2内可以同步该表
MariaDB [(none)]> use db2;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [db2]> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db2 |
+---------------+
| jiang |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
主服务器在db3中增加一张表
MariaDB [db2]> use db3
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [db3]> create table liang (id int,name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)
从服务器上在db3中无法同步该表
MariaDB [db3]> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db3 |
+---------------+
| liang |
| mao |
| zheng |
+---------------+
3 rows in set (0.000 sec)
总结：该方法相对于方法一更加的灵活。但这两种方法都不支持主服务器跨库操作。
2.